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1、提供英文合同翻译:详解关键词引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,假设译文不准确式不 严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有歪文字,希望 大家共同提嵩英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应表达其权威性.英文合同用语的 特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,到达双方 对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。一.Hereby英文群义:by means of, by reason of this中文泽词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用

2、于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.注释:(l)hereby: by reason of this 特 此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立 约,签订合同、条约;n. legal agreement 具有法律约束 的正式 合同(3)completion of the Works:工程的绫工(4)therein: in the Works 在本工程中(5)the Contract Price:合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such.as:关余代词,相当于 that, which(7)

3、under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract 合同 条款 注衿:hereby :特此to the best of our knowledge: as far as we know 据我们所知foregoing statement : above-mentioned statement 上述声明herein: in this, in the statement 在声明中documentary proof :证 明文件fl J hereby

4、:特此hereinafter referred to as Party A:以下称甲方on the principle of equality and mutual benefit :在平等互利 基础上(4J through amicable consultation:通过友好协商二 hereof英文衿义:of this中文泽词:关于此点;在本文件中用头:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的”时,使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时, 可以说“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof 这里 hereof 表示“ofthis Contract;又如

5、 表示本工程Authorities:审枇机关(3) register with:办理作记手续(4J the State Administration for Industry and Commerce:国家工商行政管理局(5) its authorized Administrations for Industry and Commerce:其授权的(各省、自治区、直辖市及 计划单列市)工商行政管理局六 therein美 文衿义:in that; in that particular; in that respect中文译词:我那里;在那点、上,在那方面用法:在表示上文已提及的“合同中的,工程中

6、的”等时使用。例如表示“修补工程中的缺陷”: “the remedying of any defects therein,此处 therein 表示“in the Works”;表示用于工程中的材料或机 械设备 :materials or plant for incorporation therein”,这里的 therein 表示“in the Works”。语决:置于所修饰词后,紧邻修饰词。注希:(1)Temporary Works:临时工程,是指为永久工程服务的工程,永久工程建成后应予以撤除。也造临 时工程的费用,按国际FIDIC合同条件规定,应由承包人负责。Defects:缺陷,表示工

7、程施工出现的问题,即工程本身存在的问题,而不是因业主使用不当连成 的。the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of any defects therein: 工程施工、发工 和修补工程中任何缺陷。建造一项工程一般分成两个阶段进行,工程设计、拘工、浚工为第一阶段, 修补工程中任何缺陷为第二阶段,因此此句中的第一个and是对的,表示建造工程的两个阶段。注释:the prior consent of the Employer:业主的事先同意 注意:consent只有单数形式,表示同意assign :转让therein:

8、in the contract; thereunder: under the contract(4J otherwise than by :但以下情况除外。也可写成:unless otherwise specified in the following circumstances:注痔:Note:期票,即借据,票据loan agreement :资款协议be entitled to all the benefits :享有(贽款协议规定的)全部利益advance payment:预付default:违约in the event of default :因违约oi#:a certificate

9、of the borrower :借款人说明书comply with:遵照C3J the attachments specified therein :附荥 4 规定的附件 therein : in Appendix 4exemption:免征税款local authorities:地方当局any political subdivision:任何下属政府分支机构(4J taxing authorities thereof or therein : 地方当局的税收当局 therein: in local authoritiesunder the Contract:根据合同规定shall be d

10、ue:应予以征收的the certified documents evidencing the exemption in question:三正期上 述免税 文件 in question : 上 述法希:the Income Tax Law of the Peoples Republic of China for Enterprises with Foreign Investment and Foreign Enterprises :中华人 氏共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法。at the rates provided for therein:按税头规定的税率 therein: in th

11、e Tax Law注希:Cl J the Borrower :借款人to make the borrowings:借贽资金to execute and deliver the Note:签署票据to incur the obligations provided for in this Agreement and therein: 承当 由此产生 的义务 therein: in the Noteall the actions in question i 上述全部行为legal person:法人注释:leasee:承租人keep the commodity in good condition :

12、维持商品的羡好状况C3J provided that:除非,表示进一步规定leaser:出租人to lodge claims against the Leasor:向 出 租人提出赔楼any losses occurred therein:因此所 遭.受 的损失 therein: in the above-mentioned matters 指 出租商 品出现的故障注释:documents : shipping documents 货 运单据transport documents :运输单据insurance documents: insurance policies 保险单据(4 J com

13、mercial invoice :商业发票(5j the credit : the letter of credit 信用证drawer:出单人the wording therein: the wording in the documents 其措辞data content thereof : data content of the documents 3页日内衮(9) referred to in the credit:信用证中所述的loss or damage :损失与损坏 注:loss与damage同义,同义词连用是合同文件语言特点之一。any part thereof: any par

14、t of the Works 工程中的任何一局部 thereof: of the Worksfor incorporation therein: used in the Works 用于工程中的 for incorporation in: used in 应译成“用 于(工程)中“,而不能译成“进入工程therein: in the Works工程中(4J at one?s own cost: 费rectify:弥补,纠正Permanent Works:永久工程C7J to the satisfaction of the Engineer :到达工程师满意的程度thereof英文再义:of t

15、hat, of it中文泽词:由此,其用头:在表示已提及的“人或事的”时,为防止重复,可使用该词,比方表示“合同条件、条款”时, 可译为“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof9,此处的 thereof 表示“ofthe Contract”;表示工程任 何局部“,可泽为any parts thereof,这里的 thereof 表示“of the Works”。语法:置于所修饰词后,紧邻修饰词。注玲:be entitled to determine:有 权确定the time within a specified period and /or

16、the place of taking delivery :提取货物的时间和/或地点the notice thereof:有关这方面的通知 thereof: of the above-mentioned matters, that is, the time and the place of taking delivery.注释:the collection of tax :税收的开征the cessation thereof :税收的停征 thereof: of taxthe reduction, exemption and refund of tax as well as the payme

17、nt of tax unpaid : 减税、免税,退 税、补税(4J the State Council :国务院(5) to formulate and prepare the relevant provisions of the regulations:第定的彳亍政法规规定 prepare: 制定注释:the Party applying for arbitration:当事人申靖仲就(是指申请仲裁j的当事人Jarbitration commission:仲裁委员会arbitration agreement:仲林协议application for arbitration:仲裁j 申请书(5

18、) the copies thereof: the copies of the application for arbitration 仲裁申请 书副本注玲:fl J Tests on Completion:浚工检验otherwise agreed :另行商定Employer takes over the Works:业主接收工程(4J any section or part thereof :工程任何局部、区段 thereof: of the Works注释:fl J the collection order:托收指示the protest:拒绝证书in lieu thereof:代替拒绝证

19、书 thereof: of the protestnon-acceptance or non-payment:拒绝承兑或拒绝付款the banks concerned with the collection :与托收有关的各银行experience non-acceptance and non-payment: 遭到月巨名色承兑或,巨名色付款the principal :委托人注希:fl J makes the specification :订 明规格the details thereof: the details of the specification 规格的细节the communica

20、tion in question: 该通知(4J shall be binding:应具有约束力注希:(U apply to (sb.):适用limited liability companies w汕 foreign investment :外商投 密的有 F艮责任公司Sino-foreign equity joint venture enterprise:中 外合资经 营企业Sino-foreign co-operative joint venture enterprise :中外合作经 营 企业wholly foreign-owned enterprise:夕卜费企业注衿:time fo

21、r completion : 浚工时间the execution of the Works :施工any Section or part thereof:工程的任何局部或区段,thereof : of the Works注玲:make available to the Contractor.:向承包人提供data on hydrological and subsurface conditions :水文地质资料C3J his own interpretation thereof:自己对上述资料的解希 thereof: of the datathis Agreement is terminate

22、d : 本协议终止transparency:图片specifications :规格(4J any other manufacturing or engineering information :其它全含F 生产和操作资料(5) the said Licensed Products :上述许可证产品/V. thereafter, thereto, therewith, therefor, thereunderthereafter: after that 此后; 之后thereto: to that 陋附;附之therewith: with that 与此;与之therefor: for tha

23、t 因之;为此thereunder: under that 在其下;依照用法:本节提及的各词,其用法与上面七节谈及的一样,主要强调的是“that”。如果强调的是“this”, 贝要用 hereafter, hereto, herewith 和 hereof 等。语法:紧接所修饰词之后。注玲:fl J decision and award of the arbitration tribunal :仲裁庭的仲我决定或我决(2)the judgment:司法判决(3) any court having jurisdiction :有管辖权的法院 jurisdiction:管辖权(4J the par

24、ties thereto: 合同双方 thereto: to the Contract(5) in good faith:以盟好诚信的杰度注释:fl)patented technology:专利技术letters patent:专利证,专利application therefore:专利申请grant license thereof :许可转让(5j during the effective period of this Contract :本合同有效期间(6) are applicable to or may be used in the manufacture of this Contra

25、ct Products: 适用于 或可能适 用于制造本合同产品注释:Contract Products:合同产品Appendix 2 to this Contract:本合同附件 2together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto: 及 其改进开展的产品 thereof : of the Contract Products ; thereto : to the Contract Productsspecifications :规 范any modificat

26、ion thereof or addition thereto :对规,范的任何修改或增补 thereof : of the Specifications ; thereto : to the Specificationsunder Clause 95 :根据第95条规定the Defects Liability Certificate:缺陷责任证书the expiration of the Defects Liability Period : 缺陷责任期终止different defects liability periods become applicable to different S

27、ection or parts of the Permanent Works:不同的缺陷责任期适用永久工程的不同区段或局部any works instructed:任何捺指 示进行 的工程commitment fee:承诺赛,涿担费。资款协议签定生效后,如借款人没有接期使用贺款,需 向资款人支付一定金额的补修费用承诺费或承当费。通常左资款协议中确定一个承诺期。承诺期 分为前后两期,前期不收承诺费,后期计收承诺费。如果在前段承诺期已使用全部承诺期金额,那么不 收承诺费。如果在前段承诺期未使用全部承诺期金额,其余额在后段承诺期使用,那么计收承诺费。the Disbursement Date:资政发

28、放日the Termination Date :资款终止日from the date in the third month thereafter :从其后第 3 个月的该日 thereafter : after the Termination Date注存:Cl J events of default:造约事件continues or continue:正在继续the remedies :补救方法(4Jfail to pay any amount payable thereunder:未能支付根据该 协议规定应付 的款项 thereunder:under the Contract九.where

29、asconsidering that,鉴于,就而论(法律用语)用法:米用于合同协议书的开头段落中,以引出合同双方要订立合同的理由或依据。语法:紧接于要修饰词之前,常住于句首。注衿:(1J whereas :鉴于to grant Party A the rights to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented Technology:将专利技术的合同产品的使用权、制选权和销售权授予甲方C3J the Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract:

30、 双方授权代表under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as follows : 就以下条款 注者:proprietary technical information :专有技术信息designs, techniques, workmanship, formulas, skills and other data: 4殳计、 技术、 工艺、 配方、 技能和其他资料(3Jthe right and licence:许可权利technical assistance: 技术协助trademarks:商标注释:fl Jwhereas :鉴于

31、severally but not jointly :分别但不 连带地an aggregate amount: 总 额(4Jthe Parties hereto have hereby made and concluded this Agreement as follows:当事人协议如下whereas :鉴于a term loan:定期资款the principal amount : 本金(4Junder the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement :根据本协议规定的条件和款项(5) in consideration of t

32、he mutual promises:以双方相互 承诺 为对价 consideration :对价注释:whereas :鉴于adhering to the principle of equality and mutual benefit:按照平等互利的原那么through friendly consultation:通过友好协*商(4Jjoint venture company :合资经营公司hereinafter referred as:以下称九.whereas释义:considering that,鉴于,就而论(法律用语)用法:常用于合同体议书的开头段落中,以引出合同双方要订立合同的理由

33、或依据。语法:紧接于要修饰词之前,希位于句首。注释:whereas :鉴于to grant Party A the rights to use, manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented Technology :将专利技术的合同产品的使用权、制透权和销售权授予甲方(3j the Representatives authorized by the Parties to this Contract : 双方授权代表under the terms, conditions and provisions specified as fol

34、lows: 就以下条款注衿:proprietary technical information :专有技 术信息designs, techniques, workmanship, formulas, skills and other data: 4殳计、 技术、 工艺、 配方、 技能和其他咨科C3J the right and licence:许可权利(4Jtechnical assistance : 技术协助trademarks:商标注希:whereas :鉴于severally but not jointly :分别但不连带地an aggregate amount: 总 额(4Jthe P

35、arties hereto have herebymade and concluded this Agreement as follows:当事人tf办议如下注斡:whereas :鉴于a term loan:定期资款the principal amount: 本金(4Junder the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement :根据 本协议规定 的 条件 和 软,页C5Jin consideration of the mutual promises: 以 双方相 互承诺 为对价 consideration : 对价注释:wher

36、eas :鉴于adhering to the principle of equalityand mutual benefit :楼照平等互利的原那么through friendly consultation :通过友好初商joint venture company :合资经 营公司hereinafter referred as:以下称的任何局部,可用 “any parts hereof9,这里 hereof 表示“of this Works”。语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。hereof 和 thereof 的区别:hereof 强调“ofthis。例如,上面的the terms,

37、 conditions and provisions thereof 中的 thereof 表示 of the Contract ; any parts thereof9 中的 thereof 表示 of the Works o注释:Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not :不管港口 习惯是否与本款规定相 反,whether. or not:不管是否the owner of the goods :货方without interruption:无间新地carrier:承运人(5) in default on

38、 the provisions hereof : 违反本款规/ hereof: of this Clause注释:fl J foreign trade dealers :对外贸易经营者as mentioned in this Law:本在所称the provisions hereof : the provisions of this Law 本法规定(4J legal entity :法人(5) be engaged in foreign trade dealings:从事对外贸易经营活动注希:(1J a limited liability company :有 F艮责任公司a company

39、 limited by shares :股份provisions hereof :本法规定 hereof: of this Lawmay be registered as :委C已为注衿:as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons :回避或者其它原因arbitrator:仲裁员the provisions hereof: the provisions of this Law 本法规定be selected or appointed : 选定或指定注释:fl J conflict:相抵触prior to the effective date of

40、 this Law:本法施行甭the provisions hereof shall prevail : 以本出为准 hereof: of this Law注释:fl J the organization with compensatory obligations: 赌楼义务机关shall pay compensation:应当给予赔楼the claimant for compensation :赔偿请求人(4J Article 15 and Article 16 hereof:本法第十五条、第十六条 hereof: of this Lawshall have the right to lod

41、ge a complaint:有权申诉claims compensation: 要 求赔偿apply to/ in : 适,用 More Examples: The comment applies equally here. /That argument does not apply in this case. /That applies to at least nine-tenths of the people we see about. /These remarks apply to every town in this kingdom. /The rules of safe drivin

42、g apply to everyone.注衿:fl J arbitrator :仲栽员Article 58 hereof:本法第五十八条 hereof: of this Lawbear the legal liability and responsibility:承当法律责任the arbitration commission :仲栽委员会remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators: 将其除名注希:fl J the relevant responsible authorities with

43、 the duty of approvals :履行审批职责的有关主管部门meets the requirements and provisions hereof: 符合本法条件the company registration authorities:负责公司登记的主管部门the requirements hereof: 本法条件 hereof: of this Lawapply for reconsideration :申请复议bring an administrative suit: 提起行政诉论 万寿:the crimes committed :犯罪行为against Article 9

44、, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof:犯有本决定第九条、第十条、第 Tl一 条规定 hereof: of this Decision注衿:fl J companies registered :已於记成立的公司the Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies59:有 F艮责任公司规范意见the Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares:股份有 F艮公司规范意见the relevant responsible department of the State C

45、ouncil 国务院有关主管部门in separate regulations issued by the State Council :由国务院另行规定注释:unfair competition :不正当竞争business operators: 经营者contravene the provisions hereof :违反本法规定 the provisions hereof:本法规定 hereof: of this Law(4J the lawful rights and interests : 合法权益(5) disturbing the socio-economic order:扰乱社

46、会经 济秩序 三 hereto英文徐义:to this中文译词:至此,在此上。用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的本文件的”时,使用该词。例如表示“本合同双方”,可以说“the Parties hereto,这里 hereto 表示“to this Contract;表示“本协议附件 4”, 可用“Appendix 4 hereto”,这里 hereto 表示“to this Agreement”。语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。hereto和thereto的区别:同前面所言hereof和thereof的区别类似,hereto强调的是“to this”。注释:the performa

47、nce of this Contract :履行本合同through amicable negotiations: 友好协商(3J the Parties heretot the Parties to this Contract 本合同双方shall then be submitted for arbitration :提交进行仲裁jthe China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing:中国 国际经 济贸易仲裁委员会(北京)the arbitration rules of this Commissi

48、on:其仲裁规贝the award of the arbitration:仲裁栽决C8J unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission :仲栽委员会另有裁定的除外注希:patented technology:专利技术patent:专利(3J application for the patent:专利申请may have the right to control :可能有权控制的permitted to be transferred in any or all countries of the world :在世界任何国彖许可转Co

49、ntract Products specified by the Parties hereto :本合同双方规定的本合同产品 hereto: to this Contract注寿:fl J technical documents :技术资料(2) the data and the information:咨料(3) engineering:工程(4 J manufacturing :第造(5J original information :原始 资料(6) blueprint :蓝本(1) design sheets :设计图表C8J material specifications:材料规格ph

50、otostats:影印咨料general data: 一般资料(11J design and their specifications relating to manufacturing euipment, tools and facilities: 与制造设备、工具和装置有关的设讨及其说明书注徐:(I) audit the accounts of Party A:查核甲方的帐目(2) Sub-Clause 3.4 of this Contract :本合同第 3.4 款(3J the specific contents and procedure of auditing accounts :

51、 其具体的杳帐内 余和程序(4J Appendix 4 hereto :本合同附件 4 hereto : to this Contract注释:(1J either Party hereto :本彷议各方 (不译成“one Party hereto J。improvement, modification, further invention or design :改进、修正、更新本创造 或设计 discover, make or develop: 开 发manufacture and assembly of the Licensed Products or components thereof

52、:生 产及装百己许 可证产品或部件file application for Letter Patent :申请专利take other necessaiy legal steps to protect the same:其它 必妥的 法律保 护程序 the same: Letter Patentany patent arising therefrom:由 此产生的专利consistent with this agreement:与 本土办议不 相矛盾注释:fl J certain license and technical assistance for manufacturing Produc

53、ts:有关生产产品的许可证和技术 服务the technical assistance agreement: 技术月艮务协议Appendix 2 hereto: 本体议附件 2 hereto: to this Agreement参考年文:本协议双方同意Y将向FCAM提供有关生产产品的许可证和技术服务,FCAM和Y将订立技术服务协 议并作为本协议附件2 (以下称作“技术服务协议注释:to the maximum extent practicably possible:尽实际可能最大F艮度地data on management and financial information:管理和财务信息材料

54、(3j prepare and keep accounting and financial records and books : 建好会计和财务帐目available for inspection or audit by either Party hereto :以备本协议各方的检查或审计 either Party hereto: either Party to this Agreement 本协议双方 inspection : 检查 audit:审计注衿:Board of Directors authorized by the Parties hereto:本协议双方授权的董事会 here

55、to: to this Agreementto administrate or manage FCAM:管理 FCAM administrate:行政管理 manage :业务管理the overall business management plan of the company:公司整体经营计划(4J monitor the execution of the plan in question :监督该讲划的执行review and approval :审阅和力匕准注希:specialized machinery and equipment:特定机器设备 equipment:(单数形式)设备

56、determined through mutual consultation: 协商决定the effective utilization of the technical know-how:有效使用技术诀窍terms and conditions: 条件(such.) as:作关东代词,意为 which, thatfl J the termination of this Contract :本合同期满outstanding claims and liabilities:未 了债务debtor:债务人(4J creditor:债权人8 herein英文释义:in this中文译词:此中,于此用

57、法:表示上丈已提及的“本合同(中)的,本法(中)的”等时,使用该词。如表示“本法(中) 所称的不正当竞争”,可译为unfair competition mentioned herein”,此处 herein 表示“in this Law”;表 示“本协议(中)内参”,泽为the Contents herein, 此处 herein 表示“in this Agreement”。语法:置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词.注释:unfair competition:不正当竞争mentioned in this Law:本法所称refer to:是指(4J contravene the provisions

58、 hereof: 违反本法 规定damage the lawful rights and interests of other business operators:力员害其他经营者的合法权益disturb the socio-economic order:扰乱社会经 济我序C7J business operators mentioned herein: 本法所称的经营者 herein: in this Law(S) engage in the trading of goods or profit-making services :从事商品经营或营利性服务 engage in : 从事,be

59、engaged in:忙于注玲:fl J this Law is hereby formulated and prepared : 兹制 定本法maintain the foreign trade order:维护对外贸易秩序promote the healthy development of the socialist market economy:促进社会主义市场经济的健康发 展foreign trade mentioned herein: 本法所称对外贸易 herein: in this Lawthe international trade in services:国际服务贸易注释:me

60、ntioned herein: mentioned in this Law 本法 所称limited liability company:有 F艮责任公司C3J company limited by shares:股份有 F艮公司within the territoiy of China :在中国境内注衿:() illegal gains:适法所得shall be confiscated:应当予以没收the provisions herein: the provisions in this Decision 本决定规定(4J illegal gains to be confiscated :次

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