高中状语从句解PPT

1、关于高中状语从句解第一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月英语句子按交际功能分按结构分类陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句简单句并列句复合句一般疑问句特殊疑问句反意疑问句选择疑问句名词性从句定语从句状语从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句N.Adj.Adv.第二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月 状语时用来修饰 词, 词, 词或 的一种句子成分.它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。其中,副词,介词,介词短语,分词(短语),名词,不定式,句子都可充当状语。 当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：动形容副句子什么是状语？第三张，PPT共六十一页

2、，创作于2022年6月状语从句1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 结果状语从句8. 方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句第四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月一 状语从句高考的考查特点1. 试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点(不同性质的连词; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)2. 题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高Go back where you lived._Go back to the village where you lived._where前有定语从句的先行词状语从句定语从句第五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于

3、2022年6月二 能力要求：1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语 从句中经常使用的连词2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句 的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连 词完成交际. 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的 用法区别.第六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月常见考点： 考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题； 考点二、连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：while/as/when引导时间状语从句；because/since/as/for引导原因状语从句；if/unless引导条件状语从句；sothat/suchthat引导结果状语从句等）； 考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换； 考点四、状

4、语从句的倒装结构（hardly/scarcelywhen；nosoonerthan等） 第七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.2. 名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一就); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, etc.第八张，PP

5、T共六十一页，创作于2022年6月3. 副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一.就.)4.句型类：no soonerthan, hardly/scarcely when, etc. (一就)e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.e.g .Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.用于句首时应引起部分倒装, 且前部分一般用过去完成时第九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月 as引导的时间状语从句, 可以

6、表达“正当”， “一 边一边”，“随着”等意思。1. 表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 2. 表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 3. 表示两个动作同时发生。(一边一边) Helen sang a song as she washed. 4. 表示“随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。As she grew older, she became mor

7、e beautiful. 1. as, while , when的区别第十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月while:持续性动词 进行时一般或现在情况将来情况V一般现在时或现在进行时过去情况e.g. I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.e.g. Im going to the post office. - While you are there, can you get some stamps for me?e.g. I hurt my shoulder while I was doing gym.while常

8、表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的，它引导的从句用延续性动词，若从句中是非延续性动词，则不用while. 侧重于主从两个动作或状态的对比。p207第十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while=_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. ( while =_ )While there is life there is ho

9、pe. (while = _ )He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. （while=_）whenalthough as long asWhile 在句中的不同含义:however第十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月 while用法的归纳.作并列连词,意为“然而,却”,表对比(=however)He likes football while his brother likes basketball.2. 引导时状从句(=when) While he was doing his homework, his mother c

10、ame in.引让状从句,表“虽然,尽管”,置于句首(=although)While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.引导条状从句,表“只要”(=as long as)Ill do everything for you while you are happy.第十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月when: 持续性非持续性动词都可当时就在那时，正在这时=and at this /that timee.g. When I first saw her, I fell in love with her. -When d

11、id you get home? -It was eight oclock when I got home. They were walking down the street when they saw an accident. (A=B)2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me. (AB)3）I had just finished my work when he came back. (AB)第十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月尽管虽然鉴于如果届时1.He walks when he might take a

12、 taxi.2. The Queen will visit the town in May, when she will open the new hospital.3. How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?4.How could I live in Los Angeles when all my favorite people live here?虽然届时如果鉴于, 既然 when 还有一些较为灵活的翻译:第十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月1 When he _ (come) back, please t

13、ell him to meet me at my es2 I will tell him when she _back.3 I would tell him when she _escame注意时态4 -When _ you come to see me,Dad?-I will go to see you when you _ the training coursing.A.do; will have finished B.will; will finish C.do; are finishing D. will; finish时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用一般过去时代替过去将来

14、时第十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月He fell asleep _ he was reading.I kept silent _ he was writing.She sang _ she went along.It was raining hard _ we arrived.I thought of it just _you opened your mouth.Things are getting better and better _ time goes on.Its cold _ it snows.I will go home _ he comes back.We wer

15、e about to start _ it began to rain.He likes coffee, _ she likes tea._ a boy, he lived in Japan._ reading, he fell asleep._ in trouble, ask her for help.when/while/aswhileaswhen/aswhen/asaswhenwhenwhenwhileAs/WhenWhen/WhileWhen/While主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时

16、间同时进行, “一边一边”主句-持续性动作, 从句-短暂性动作主从句-几乎同时发生的短暂性动作正在发展变化的情况, “随着”“每当的时候”(暗示一种规律性)有先后顺序表示“这时(突然)”“而”、“却”(表示对比)as / when +名词，构成省略句,while无此用法 when / while +现在分词/介词短语/形容词等构成省略句，但 as 一般不这样用When,while 和 as的区别第十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月before引导的时间状语从句 before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 1. We clean the c

17、lassroom before we leave school every day. 2. It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。 after引导的时间状语从句 after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 After you use plastic bags, you mustnt throw them about.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。 第十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月连接词before的小结：1. We had s

18、ailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4Before I could get in a word, he walked away. “才” “不到.就” “趁” “还没来得及” 从句中常含有情态动词can/could1）句型It will be/was段时间before“还要过/过了 多久才” 如：It will be two years before he

19、leaves the country. It was two years before he left the country 2）句型It will not be/was not一段时间before“不多久就”如： It wasnt two years before he left the country. 第十九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月since引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we parted

20、/broke up.常用句型：It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从句 “自从有多长时间了 ”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university. 第二十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月since的用法：since表从过去某一时间或动作、事情起到目前为止，“自.以 来”引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。Ive been living here since I came to Beijing.I have

21、 written home four times since I came here. 常用句型： it is (has been).+ since +一般过去时It is/has been five years since I began to learn English.第二十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月since句型中如果从句谓语是延续性的动作或状态，则它所表示的时间从该动作或状态结束时算起！（否定含义）如：It is 3 years sinceI began to smokeI smoked(gave up smoking 自从我戒烟以来).(自从我开始抽烟以来).第二

22、十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月It is 5 years sinceI have never seen himsincehe joined the army.he was a soldier.he fell ill.he was ill.生病以来.病愈以来. 翻译：It has been 5 years since he lived here退伍以来.他离开这已经有五年时间了。第二十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月until/ till引导的时间状语从句 until / till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。 当主句谓语动词是延

23、续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。Ill stay here until you come back. 当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时, 主句常用否定形式。 not until“直到才”，这时until 可用before替换。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. 例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。第二十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月not.until的倒装句和强调句。He didnt stop until he had finished all his work .倒装句: Not until

24、he had finished all his work did he stop.强调句: It was not until he had finished all his work that he stopped.强调句句式为：It was/is not until that第二十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月as soon as引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为“一就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。 例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.

25、 相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives. Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake. 第二十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月名词短语引导的时间状语从句 the moment, the minute, the instant, the time, the hour, the da

26、y, by the time, each time, every time, next time, any time等也可以引导时间状语从句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her. By the time you arrived, the lecture had already ended. By the time he comes, we will already have left.第二十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月By the time的用法这个词组常用来指到某一时间点为止，主句常用完成时态。By t

27、he time he was 12, _ to more than 30 countries to get his diseases cured.到12岁时，他已去过30多个国家治疗疾病。By the time I graduate next year, I _ here for 5 years.到明年毕业时，我将在这里待了5年了。By the time he went abroad, _. = when出国那年，他14岁。he had traveled I will have lived he was fourteen.第二十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月1.When ever

28、y time I was in trouble, he would come to help me.2. At next time you come, do remember bring your son here.3.For the first time I met the girl. I felt in love with her.4.You are welcome to come back at any time you want to.5.At the last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.语法规则：every time,each t

29、ime,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句第二十九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月其他连词引导的时间状语从句 no sooner than, hardly/ scarcely/ barelywhen引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。（情态动词/be动词/助动词提至主语前）I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off. No

30、 sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off. 我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。第三十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A

31、. when B. until C. before D. since3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. since C. As D. While4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while第三十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever (在任何地方) 引导（可理解为特指与泛指）e.g. a. Just

32、stay where you are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way. c. You can sit wherever you like. d. Wherever you go, Ill be right here waiting for you.When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him. A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which2. 地点状语从句第三十二张，PPT共六十一

33、页，创作于2022年6月 There are plenty of trees_. 我住的地方树很多。_I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。_, I will be right here waiting for you!不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在这等着你！ where I liveWherever I amWherever you go, whatever you do第三十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月Bamboo grows well where it is warm and wet.You may go wherever

34、you like. 有时，- where构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句，如： Everywhere they went, they were kindly received / warmly welcomed. Well go anywhere the Party directs us. 第三十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月引导词：where，whereverIll go wherever he goes.Ill go where he went.-Can you tell me _ you are from? -It is not important _ I came fr

35、om.A.when; whenever B.where ;wherever C.the place ;where D.wherever;where我要去他去的地方.他去哪我就去哪.第三十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月地点状语从句与定语从句的区别1.-Where do you plan to work?-Ive made up my mind to go _Im most needed.A.to the place B. to which C.that D. where2.I will go to a country for a holiday _ there are a lot

36、of flowers and trees.A.in the place B.where C.which D.wherever辨析:Go back where you came from.Go back to the village where you came from.第三十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：because, as, since, now that, for,和considering that, seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g.

37、He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f. He might be ill, for he didnt come to school.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。3. 原因状语从句第三十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月原因状语从句 1) because表示某件事情发生的直接原因或理由。它的语气很强，因而常用来回答why的提问。在这几个连词中，它表示原因的语气最强。如：He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.2) since常表示对方已经

38、知道的既成事实，说话人根据这个事实得出某一种结论。其语气比because要弱，一般译成“既然”。如：Since you are here, why not stay for a few more days?3) as常用于表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于”。如：As its getting darker, we must go home now.4) for只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wetNow t

39、hat ,seeing that, when.第三十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月because, since, as, for的区别:because直接原因，非推断语气最强 回答why的问题。since 通常放句首译为“既然”as 不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。for 放句中，引导后半句表原因, 或补充推断 的理由。第三十九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月1. I danced in front of the people _ I liked it.2. Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do a lot of walking.3.

40、 _ he was not well, I decided to go without him.4. _ everybody know about it, I dont want to talk any more.5. He must be ill, _ he is absent Today.6. Some people believe that _ oil is running out, the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.becauseasAsSinceforsince第四十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月1. 在强调句中强调原

41、因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since. 2. because可以引导表语从句,而as, since不可以，这时主语一般都是it, this, that It was _ he was ill that he didnt go with us. Its_ he is too lazy.3. since表示“既然”，只能放主句前._ we have no money, we cant buy that vase.because用because, as, since 填空becauseSince第四十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月 条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动

42、作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if, unless (除非), as / so long as (只要), on condition (只要), once ( 一旦), in case (假使) , providing / provided (that) 等。e.g. a.Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.b. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.4. 条件状语从句第四十二张，PPT

43、共六十一页，创作于2022年6月1. We will be able to get there on time, _ our car doesnt break down on the road. as soon as B. as far asC. as long as D. as well as2. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. whether B. untilC. if D. unless3. _ you have tried it,

44、you cant imagine how pleasant it is. A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When第四十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月 _ you touch an English person, you should say “sorry”. _ they are dirty, certain seas are not able to clean themselves. _ we dont lose heart, well find a way to overcome the difficulty. You can be

45、allowed to play the game _you finish your homework first. Dont touch anything _ your teacher tells you to. IfOnceAs long ason condition thatunless第四十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月 在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though,no matter + 疑问词(what/ who/ where/ when/ which/ how)疑问词-ev

46、er(whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever)特殊引导词： as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)， while ( 一般用在句首 )， whether or , whether () or not5. 让步状语从句第四十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月though, although 判断以下句子是否正确：Although he is rich, but he is not happy. Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. Although we have

47、grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 要点归纳：though, although当“虽然”讲, 都不能和 but 连用. 但是他们都可以同yet (still) 连用. ever if, even thougheven if 和 even though 表示“ ” 即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. 第四十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月as引导让步状语从句 as 引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的 、 、以及谓语中的 提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词

48、前如有冠词，冠词需 。 表语状语实意动词省略Though he works hard, he makes little progress. Hard as/though he works, he makes little progress. Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Though you may object, Ill go.Object as you may, Ill

49、go. 第四十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月whether or , whether () or notwhether or , whether or not 表示“不论是否”，“不管是还是”。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Whether you believe it or not, it is true. Youll have to attend the party whether you are free or busy. while 也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，语气比though/ although弱。其引导的从句一般位于 。句

50、首例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。While I like its color, I dont like its shape. 第四十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月no matter + 疑问词 疑问词-everNo matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wh

51、erever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 判断正误：No matter what you say is of no use now. Whatever you say is of no use now. 归纳：no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而 “疑问词+ever”则可以 第四十九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月_ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. since C. Be

52、fore D. Unless2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen. A. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though3. I really want the match, however much _. A. does it cost B. costs it C. will it cost D. it costs第五十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月4. _ we hav

53、e finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. A. For now B. Now that C. By now D. until5. _, the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him. A. Wanting the job very much B. Although wanting the job badly C. Though he wanted the job very much D. He wanted the job badly第五十一张，P

54、PT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月引导目的状语从句的连词:in order that 用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。so thata. 较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so 有时可省; 从句中要有情态动词, 否则, 就成为下一种句型：b. 无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。for fear that; in case; lest (以免)等。6. 目的状语从句第五十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月e.g. a. Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better. b. I shall write it down l

55、est I should forget. 注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用 so as to do 或 in order to do e.g. He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.第五十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由 so, so that, such that; so that 等引导。 a. So quickly did he run that I cou

56、ldnt catch up with him. b. The bus broke down so that we had to walk home. c. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.d. He got to the station finally, only to find the train had left.7. 结果状语从句第五十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导: as, just as, as if, as though, the wa

57、y (that), in the way (that)等。 a. We must do as the Party tells us. b. Leave the things as they are. c. Most plants need sunlight just as they need water. d. It sounds as if it is raining. e. They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他们以我从没见过的方式行事。 f. As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水8. 方式状语从句第五十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月比较状语从句常由下列词语引导： as as, not so / as as, morethan, less than, the more + adj. / adv., the mo