名词性从句详讲课件

1、名词性从句NOUN CLAUSES在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever连接副词how, why, when, where however, wherever连接词that, whether, if, becauseas if /as though（不充当从句的任何成分） 引导名词性从句的关联词在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。 The problem is what he has done to the little boy.

2、 He came to see what was the watter.特殊的用法： whats the matter/ the trouble / the wrong ? 在句中句子语序不变1. 主语从句在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句。 主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether 和连接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及连接副词how,when,where, why等词引导。that在从句中无词义，只起连接作用；What he wants to tell us is not clear.That he stole a bike was true.

3、 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. Who will win the match is still unknown. 单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。 Where and when he was born has not been found. When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. It作形式主语的常用句型：a. It

4、+ be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary / important / obvious that b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is believed / said / reported that人们相信It is known to all that 从所周知c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to

5、me that 我突然想起 I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 注意:在demand, order, suggest, advise, decide, insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用 “should+ 动词原形”。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.2)用whether或if引导的宾语句whether和if均可引导动词后的宾语从句，常可互换。1. whether. 引

6、导主语从句、表语从句、同位 语从句2.whetheror not 3.介词+ whether从句4. whether to do I dont care about whether you have money or notEverything depends on whether we have enough money.3)宾语从句中的时态呼应 宾语从句的谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词的影响1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以用各种时态； 2.主句是一般过去时,从句只能用有关过去的某种形式3.当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象.则从句仍用现在时态。 We believed that he h

7、ad earned enough money to build a house.The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.4. 同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。 同位语从句一般跟在某些表示抽象概念 的名词后,如 news, idea, information, fact, hope, thought, belief 等，用来说明名词所表示的具体内容， 引导同位语从句的连接词通常有that, whether和连接副词when, where, why, how；连接代词who，what，whose，which通常不引导同位

8、语从句。 I have no idea when she will be back. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 VI 巩固练习 1.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether 2.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed

9、A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because 3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember_. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything 9.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. whic

10、h C. what D. whether10.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where11.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if12.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where1.The question is _the fil

11、m is worth seeing.A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A .that what B. what that C .that D .whether3.They received orders _ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 4.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge , I cant remember

12、_CAD单项填空Cambridge , I cant remember _ A. where B. there C. which D. that5.Energy is _ make things work.A. what B. everything C. something D. anything6.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because7.He doesnt think the question of _

13、 they are men or women is important. A. whether B if C. which D. whyCACA8.He often thinks of _ he can do more for his country. A. what B. how C. that D. which9.It was ordered that all the soldiers _ to the front. A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go10. Air is to us _ water is

14、to fish. A. is that B. what C. which d. thatBCB1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought what D. is thought that4

15、.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what1.It now appears _ they are in need of help.2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.3.It is thought _ Joe drives badly.4.It may be_ he is late for class.5.This is _ she was born.6.The question is _ we can

16、t go there today. 7.The question is _ it is worth doing. 8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields.10.My advice is that he _ regular house.thatthatthatthatwherethatwhetherthatthatshould五、名词性从句考点归纳 考点之一

17、：考查that 与what考点之二：考查it 作形式主语或形式宾语考点之三：考查名词性从句的语序考点之四：考查whether 与if 考点之五：考查 whatever, whoever. 与 no matter what / who.考点之六：考查名词性从句的虚拟语气1. _we cant get seems better than _we have. (NMET96)A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what考点之一：考查that 与what分析：在名词性从句中that 与what 的区别是：that 在名词性从句中

18、不作句子成分，只起连接作用；而 what 在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用，而且充当句子成分。 解析考点之二：考查it 作形式主语或形式宾语2. _ a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 95)There lies B. This is C. That is D. It is为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it 作形式主语或形式宾语，尤其是that 引导的主语从句往往用it 作形式主语。 解析1. 从句中提出两种选择时,或句中有or not时； She hasnt decided whether

19、 to go or not.2. 作介词时的宾语时; We worried about whether he was in good health or not. 3. 从句提前时; Whether he will come or not I dont quite know.4. 引导主语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句时；. The question whether he should come himself or send another one hasnt been decided. . The question is whether you can do it yourself. 5.

20、放在不定式前,与不定式组成词组时; She hasnt decided whether to go or not.6. 作discuss等词的宾语时; We discussed whether we should close the shop.考点之五：考查 whatever, whoever. 与 no matter what / who.5. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. (上海 1995）A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 这是个介词宾语从

21、句，whoever是从句的主语。句意为：Sarah 希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。 解析考点之六：考查名词性从句的虚拟语气6. It is essential that all these figures _ twice. be checked B. should be added upC. be added up to D. should be checked out解析Essential 作表语时，that 住语从句用虚拟语气。高考真题回放1. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh, thats_ . (2003北京春季)A

22、. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 解析:本题全句意为：你还在考虑昨天的比赛吗？哦，正是这件事使我激动不已。表语从句what makes me feel excited ,表示比赛留下久久不能忘怀的印象,现在还在thinking; 解析2. Perseverance is a kind of quality ,and thats_ it takes to do anything well.( 2002上海春季)wha

23、t B. that C. which D. why 解析:本题考查表语从句中引导词的用 what既引导表语从句又在从句中作takes的宾语,构成It takes sth. to do sth.的句型。解析3. _ she couldnt understand was_ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.( 2000上海，27)What; why B. That; what C. What; that D. Why; because 主语从句understand缺少宾语,要用what引导;表语从句fewer and f

24、ewer in her lessons是一个完整的句子,不可能用what ,because 不能引导表语从句。解析4. _made the school proud was_more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.(2003上海春招)A. What; because B. What; thatC. That; what D. That; becausewhat引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在表语从句中起连接作用。解析5. Along with the letter was

25、his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.which B. that C. what D. whether6. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class _ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. A. why B. that C. where D. because7_ to attend the meeting has decided by the manager哪些人去参加会议，已由经理做出了决定。Who w

26、ill go B. Whoever are going C. Who is going D. Whoever will go 解析考查主语从句; whoever 不切合题意。8. In some countries，_is called equality does not really mean equal rights for all people A）which B）whatC）thatD）on有一些国家所谓的平等实际上并不意味着全体人民都享有平等的权利。 此题测试主语从句。连接词 what引导的名词从句，在上述句子中作主语，它本身又在从 句中作主语成分，相当于 the thing whi

27、ch之意。解析9. _men have learned much from the behavior of animals is hardly new A.ThatB.Those C.WhatD.Whether 译文人类从动物的行为中学到了许多东西，这已经不是什么新闻了。 本题测试引导主语从句的连词，题中主语从句的成分完整，因此需要一个在句子中不起任何成分的连接词，因此只有A项符合题意。 解析10. By success I dont mean _usually thought of when that word is used A）what is B）that weC）as you D）al

28、l is 译文我说的成功并不是指我们使用该词时通常所想到的东西。 解析 本题测试的是宾语从句。主句中动词mean缺少宾语，而从句中的 thought of缺少主语，主句和从句都缺少成分，应使用what连接的句子。 11. When I try to understand _that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect，it seems to me that there are two causes A）why it does B）what it does C）what it is D）why it

29、 is 译文当我试图搞明白究竟是什么使美国人不能如人们所期望的那么幸福地生活时，我似乎找到了两个原因。 在when引导的时间状语从句中包含了一个it isthat强调结构，而 that从句中的prevents缺少主语，所以选项 Cwhat it is正确，可排除D项。 解析12. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders_will happen to her private life A）thatB）whatC）itD）this 译文尽管安妮对于自己的成功感到满意，但她不知道这对她个人生活会产生什么影响。 本句是一个让步性状语从句，

30、其中主句中wonder后又接一个宾语从句，所接词应为what，how，where，when等，答案B符合句意。 解析13. We agreed to accept_they thought was the best tourist guide A）whateverB）whomever C）whicheverD）whoever 译文我们同意接受他们认为是最好的导游。 分析句子结构，空格处应作 accept的宾语，同时作was的主语，且表示人，所以应选D项。 解析14. Although many people view conflict as bad，conflict is some times

31、 useful_it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors A）by which B）to which C）in that D）so that 译文尽管许多人认为冲突不是一件好事，但它迫使人们去检查一下自身的态度或行为的优劣，因而有时是有益的。 这三个题目都是测试介词后的宾语从句，一般that不跟在介词后引导宾语从句，但是在in，except，but，save，besides，beyond等介词后面可直接跟that引导的从句。表示因为，除了以外，要不是等含义。注意它们一般用于正式的书面语。 解析15. He knew nothing about her journey_she was likely to be away for two months A）except forB）except that C）exceptD）except this 译文除了知道她可能要离开两个月以外，他对她的旅行一无所知。 这个题目测试的是except后引导的介词宾语从句，意思是除了以外，C项except