英语二考研二真题

1、2012NationalEntranceTestofEnglishforCandidatesSection UseofRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered bl ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 poand mark A, B, C or Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of American adventurism, ts2012NationalEntranc

2、eTestofEnglishforCandidatesSection UseofRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered bl ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 poand mark A, B, C or Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of American adventurism, ts not how it used to be. To the men and

3、 women who 1 in World Warand the people liberated, the GI. was man o hero, the poor farm kid torn away from his home, the guyall the burdens of battle, who slept in cold foxholes, who went without of food and shelter, who stuck out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder.This was not a teer soldier,

4、not ell averageguythebesttrained,bestequipped,t,mostbrutalenemiesseeninHis name isnt much. GI. is just a military abbreviation 7 ernment e, and it was on all of to soldiers. And Joe? A common name for a guy who it to the top. Joe Blow, Palooka. Joe Magrac.a working secretaryofeame. The United es has

5、 10 had or G.I. Joe had fighting German, he 1945 movie , and Korean troops. He appears as a character. Story of G.I. Joe, based on the last days of a of correspondent Emie Pyle. Some of the soldiers portrayed he film. Pyle was for covering side of the war, writing about the dirt-snow-and-mud soldier

6、s not how or what towns were captured or liberated. His the ” cartoons med Stars StripesartistBillMaulden.Boththe dirt andexhaustionofwar,of t soldiers shared with eachother and the civilians: coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter, Egypt, andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericanthemostheir2.Aactual 3.A

7、boreDpassedlCbrought6.Ao7.Ameaning 8.Ahandedout 9.Apushed 10.Aever 11.Adisguised 12.AcompanyBturn14.Aethical 15.Aruined 16.Aparalleled 17.Aneglected 18.Astages 19.AWith20.AontheBBBBCCCCCCfromthe BBsBbythistReadingTexthas never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but 14.Aethica

8、l 15.Aruined 16.Aparalleled 17.Aneglected 18.Astages 19.AWith20.AontheBBBBCCCCCCfromthe BBsBbythistReadingTexthas never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years sbeenparticularly scorned. School districts across the country, mostrecently Los Angeles Unified, are

9、 revising thinking on his educational ritual. y, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy t with the exception of some advanced may no longer count for n 10% of This rule is meant to address the t students from impoverished or chaotic homes ve completing . But the policy is unclear and contrad

10、ictory. Certainly, should s t students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially students who do not do because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to tstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorDistrict administrators much of it as they want. But twill still b

11、e a pat of schooling: teachers are allowed to assign counting for no n 10% of their grades, students can skip half testsand see vey little difference on their report cards. Some students might do well on ompleting,but whataboutthe students whoperformedwell onthe testsand did ? It is t helped. Yet n

12、ering teachers to find what bestfortheirstudents,thepolicyesaflat,across-Atthe same time, the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions . If the district to be unimportant to its students academic achievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate assignments, not make them count for almos

13、t nothing. Conversely, does nothing to t studentsarenotassigningntheyarewillingtoreviewandpolicy,rulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedto21.ItisdinparagraphAisreceivingmoret Bis no longer an educational r

14、itual Cisnotrequiredforadvancedcourses Dis gaining more preferen22.L.A.UnifiedhasmadetherulemainlybecausepoortendtohavemoderateionsfortheirhaveaskedforadifferenteducationalCmayhaveCmayhaveproblemsfinishingDhavevoicedtheirs23.AccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththepolicytit resultinstudentsindifferen

15、cetotheirreportunderminetheauthorityofe erin24.AsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredabout Bitcountsmuchinis.AitshouldextraburdensonDhavevoicedtheirs23.AccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththepolicytit resultinstudentsindifferencetotheirreportunderminetheauthorityofe erin24.AsmentionedinParag

16、raph4,akeyquestionunansweredabout Bitcountsmuchinis.AitshouldextraburdensonDitisimportant25.AsuitabletitleforthistextcouldionofanEducationaledPolicyforPoor DAFaultyApproachText Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in young girls lives. It

17、 is t rinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it rate girlhood ay,italso repeatedly and firmly fused girlsidentity to appearance.Then it tconnection, even o-year-olds,n girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. around,despairedatthesingularlackofimaginationab

18、outgirlslivesGirls attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow heir DNA, but according to Jo an te professor of American Studies, its not. Children were not colour-coded at til the early he era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the way of gettin

19、g clothes clean was to boil them. Whats more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours roduced, pink ually considered the more of red, which was ted with strength. Blue, with imations of the constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was n

20、ot until the mid-1980s, lifying age and became a dominant childrens marketing t pink fully o its own, when it began fewcriticalseemyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemaseastforI had not realised how profoundly marketing trends ed our perception of what is natural to including our core fs about t

21、heir psychological development. Take the toddler. I t phase something experts developed after years of o childrens behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing by heTrade publications counseled department t, in order to i

22、ncrease sales, they should create a third stone it n infant wear and older kids clothes. It was only after toddler became common shoppers to a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or o ever-tinier categories market is to magnify proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of th

23、e easiest ways to segment orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviously26.Bysayingitis.Therainbow(line3,Para1),theauthormeansDshouldnotbethesoleionofshouldnotbetedwithgirlscannotexplaingirlslackofcannotinfluencegirlslives27.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofAColorsareencodedingirlsBBlueDshoul

24、dnotbethesoleionofshouldnotbetedwithgirlscannotexplaingirlslackofcannotinfluencegirlslives27.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofAColorsareencodedingirlsBBlueusedtoberegardedasthecolorCPinkusedtobeaneutralcolorinsymbolizingDWhiteispreferredby28. The author t our perception of childrens

25、psychological devotement was much influenced themarketingofproductsfortheobservationofchildrensochildrensDstudiesofchildhood29.WemaylearnfromParagraphtdepartmentstoreswere.Dfocusesoninfantwearandolderkidsattachequalimportancetodifferentclassifyosmallercreatesomecommonshoppers30. Itcanbetgirlsattract

26、iontopinkseemstoAclearlyexplainedbytheirinbornBfullyunderstoodbyclothingCmainlyDedbyprofit-drivenretedbypsychologicalIn 2010. a federal judge ericas biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for DNA for decades-by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented. arch 2010 a judge t were unp

27、atentable. Executives were violently ed. The Biotechnology anisation (BIO), a group,redtthiswasjusta“preliminarystep”inalongerOn July 29th they were east temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior ,t Myriad Genetics hold patents to two t help forecast a womans risk of cancer. The chie

28、f executive of Myriad, a company in Utah, said the ruling was a blessing to firms and But as companies continue their attempts alised medicine, the courts will remain rather busy. Myriadcase itself isprobably notover. Criticsmake threemain argumentsagainst gene patents:a gene isa ofnature, soit may

29、notbe patented;gene ppress innovationn rewardit;andpatents restrict s to genetic ch as Myriads. A growing number seem to agree. Last year a federal task-urged reform for patents related to genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a he case,t an isolated DNAmolecule “is no less a pro

30、duct of nare cotton ve separatedfromcottonDespite the appeals courts , big questions remain unanswered. For le, it is unclear whether sequencing of case,t an isolated DNAmolecule “is no less a product of nare cotton ve separatedfromcottonDespite the appeals courts , big questions remain unanswered.

31、For le, it is unclear whether sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it. The case may yet reach AS the industry , however, other suits may have an even greater impact. Companies are unlikely file many more patents for human DNA molecules - most are already paten

32、ted he .firms now studying how eract, looking for t might be used to determine the causes of disease predict a drugs efficacy. Companies are eager to win patents for connecting the dots, explains Hans Sauer, lawyerfortheTheir s may be determined by a suit related to this e, brought by the Mayo Clini

33、c, which Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO recently held a convention which included s to lawyersontheshiftingforpatents.eetingwasItcanbelearnedfromparagraphtheirexecutivestobejudgestoruleoutgenegenestobetthebiotechcompanieswouldD.theBIOtoeaThosewhoareagainstgenepatentsgenetictestsar

34、enotonlyman-madeproductsarepatentsongenesdependmuchonD.courtsshouldrestrictstogeneticAccordingtoHansSauer,companiesareeagertowinpatentsB.discoveringC. drawingpicturesofD.identifyinghuman A.theSupremeCourtwasB. theBIOwasC. genepatentingwasagreatD.lawyerswerekeentoattend TextThegreatmaybeover,butthise

35、raofhighessisprobablybeginning.BeforeitIt will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And y, it is likely ourpolitics,ourculture,andthecharacterofoursocietyforNo one tries n the jobless to find silver TextThegreatmaybeover,butthiseraofhighessisprobablybeginning.

36、BeforeitIt will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And y, it is likely ourpolitics,ourculture,andthecharacterofoursocietyforNo one tries n the jobless to find silver his national economic disaster. Many tunemployment, while extremely painful, had improved th

37、em in some ways; they e less materialistic more llyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestruggles ofothers.In limitedrespects,perhaps thewill leave society better off. At the very least, s awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches biggerhouses,andputasaryendtoaneraofalBut for the most part, th

38、ese benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far he Moral of Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman t both inside and outside the U.S. , lengthy of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and usually stopped or reversed the advance of

39、 rights and freedoms. Anti-timent typically increases, nande inequality usually falls during a , but s not his , this period lly for economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them- people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University

40、, tnot all o a see their life dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses tarelefternet age, it is particularly easy to see the s always been hidden within sareaffectingsocietyscha

41、racter. n at any time in its history, and society. Morehemoment,isdiscerningprecisely howthese any respects, the U.S. was more lly tolerant entering this variety of national polls on lsince then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and exactlyhow these hardtimeswillour l fabric. But theyce

42、rtainly it, and all the more so the longer 36.Bysaying“tofindsilverlinings”（Line1,Para.2）theauthortthejoblesstryAseeksubsidiesfromBexplore reasons for the unemployment CmakeprofitsfromthetroubledeconomyDlookonthebrightsideofthe37.AccordingtoParagraph2,there Arealize the national dream Bstruggle agai

43、nst each other Cchallenge their lifestyle hasmade38.BenjaminFriedmanteconomiceaheavierburdenonbringoutmoreevilsofhumanPromotetheadvanceofrightsandsnand39.TheresearchofTillVonWachthertingraduatesfromeliteuniversitiestendlagbehindtheothersduetodecreasedcatchupquicklywithexperiencedCseetheirlifeasdimme

44、dastheDrecovermorenthe40.Theauthorsnand39.TheresearchofTillVonWachthertingraduatesfromeliteuniversitiestendlagbehindtheothersduetodecreasedcatchupquicklywithexperiencedCseetheirlifeasdimmedastheDrecovermorenthe40.TheauthorttheinfluenceofhardtimesonsocietyPartReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestions

45、byfindinginformationfromtheleftcolumn corresponds to each of the marked details givenherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoitherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEERT1.(10Universal history, the history of what man his world, is at bottom the History of the Menwhohaveworkedhere,”wrotetheVictoriansageTho

46、masCarlyle.Well,notanymoreitisSuddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no n passingliterary craze,but italso s toa broader bouthow we nowapproach the past:less concernedlearningfromforefathersanderestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today,wewantempathy,notFrom

47、 the earst days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus - On Famous highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch rated their greatness in conquering fo

48、rtune rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its he the ionedcunning, ess, andboldness, nvirtue, mercyandjustice,astheskills ofOver time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The s commemorated the leading ers and of their day, stressing the unique

49、ness of the al experience n . By contrast, Victorian author Samual explores .The valuablewrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers , industrialists les which theyfurnishoferofself-help,ifpatient e,resolute and egrity,he formulation of trulynoble and many character, exhibit,wrot

50、e .what er of each plish for himself. His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and WedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguidetheworkingmanthroughhisdifficultThis was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon

51、Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to e, but beacknowledgednmereCommunist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, sessedno immense wealth nor waged battles: is man, real, living man who does t.” AndLuther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represent

52、ed lives hard to e, but beacknowledgednmereCommunist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, sessedno immense wealth nor waged battles: is man, real, living man who does t.” And history should be the story of the masses and their record struggle. ch, it needed to te the economic realities, the l c

53、ontexts er relations in eachepoch stood.For:“Men make theirownhistory,butthey donot make it justas they please; they donotmake under chosen by themselves, but under directlyfound, given and transmitted from This was the tradition which revolutionized our tion of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle,

54、 nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies great men. Whole new of understanding - from gender to race to cultural studies - were opened up scholarsunpickedthe multiplicityoflostsocieties.Andittransformed publichistorytoo:downstairs beca

55、me justfascinatingasCRead the following text carefully and then translate it ANSWER SHEET 2. ( 15 poo .Your translation should be written clearly When people in countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valsey or to hosp

56、itals and he developed world. are the kind of t countries like Britain Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration Lots of studies have t well-education people form counting are particularly likely to 40% of emigrants had n of 25. This brain drain has emigrants , A big survey n househol

57、ds in t high-school education ,compared round 3.3%of n bothered policymakers in poor counties .They t it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-skilled worker who could have productfortheirfactoriestotheir universities, heir hospital and come up with clever A emphasized the virtue of classica

58、l 41. B highlighted the of the leading 42. Niccolo C focused on epochal figures whose lives were hard to imi 43. Samuel D opened up new of understanding the great men in 44. Thomas E heldt history should be the story of the masses and their recor d of struggle.45. Marx and F dismissed virtue as sary

59、 for sful G cted the worthy lives of engineer industrialists and SectionPart47.eyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththeelectronictyouSectionPart47.eyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththeelectronictyouboughtfromanonlinestore1)Makeatothecustomerservicecenter2)Demandaprompt DonotsignyourownnameoftheletterUsezhang

60、weiinstead. 48writeanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.InyourwritingyouDescribethetable,Giveyoureast150words2012Section Useof1-16-20Section ReadingPart Text331-Text436-Part41-45 Part当发展中国家的人们提起对的担忧， 他们通常是在担心本国最优秀、最聪明的人前往发达国家的“硅、医院和大学之后本国的前景。英国和澳大利亚这样的国家给予了大Text436-Part41-45 Part当发展中国家的人们提起对的担忧， 他们通常是在担心