2016年6月英语六级真题(全三套+详细答案)

1、学习参考学习参考2016年6月英语六级真题第一套PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheuseofrobots.Trytoimaginewhatwillhappenwhenmoreandmorerobotstaketheplaceofhumanbeingsinindustryaswellaspeoplesdailylives.Youarerequriedtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIL

2、isteningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkth

3、ecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)ProjectorganizerPublicrelationsofficer.Marketingmanager.Marketresearchconsultant.A)Quantitativeadvertisingresearch.Questionnairedesign.Researchmethodology.Interviewertraining.A)

4、Theyareintensivestudiesofpeoplesspendinghabits.Theyexaminerelationsbetweenproducersandcustomers.Theylookfornewandeffectivewaystopromoteproducts.Theystudytrendsorcustomersatisfactionoveralongperiod.A)Thelackofpromotionopportunity.Checkingchartsandtables.Designingquestionnaires.Thepersistentintensity.

5、Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)HisviewonCanadianuniversities.Hisunderstandingofhighereducation.Hissuggestionsforimprovementsinhighereducation.HiscomplaintaboutbureaucracyinAmericanuniversities.A)Itiswelldesigned.Itisratherinflexible.Itvariesamonguniversities.Ithasundergoneg

6、reatchanges.A)TheUnitedStatesandCanadacanlearnfromeachother.Publicuniversitiesareoftensuperiortoprivateuniversities.Everyoneshouldbegivenequalaccesstohighereducation.Privateschoolsworkmoreefficientlythanpublicinstitutions.A)Universitysystemsvaryfromcountrytocountry.Efficiencyisessentialtouniversitym

7、anagement.Itishardtosaywhichisbetter,apublicuniversityoraprivateone.ManyprivateuniversityintheU.S.Areactuallylargebureaucracies.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhear

8、aquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Governmentsroleinresolvinganeconomiccrisis.TheworseningrealwagesituationaroundtheworldIndications

9、ofeconomicrecoveryintheUnitedStates.Theimpactofthecurrenteconomiccrisisonpeopleslife.A)Theywillfeellesspressuretoraiseemployeeswages.Theywillfeelfreetochoosethemostsuitableemployees.Theywillfeelinclinedtoexpandtheirbusinessoperations.Theywillfeelmoreconfidentincompetingwiththeirrivals.A)Employeesand

10、companiescooperatetopullthroughtheeconomiccrisis.Governmentandcompaniesjoinhandstocreatehobsfortheunemployed.Employeesworkshorterhourstoavoidlayoffs.Teamworkwillbeencouragedincompanies.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Whethermemorysupplementswork.Whetherherbalmedicineworkswonder

11、s.Whetherexerciseenhancesonesmemory.Whetheramagicmemorypromisessuccess.A)Theyhelptheelderlymorethantheyoung.Theyarebeneficialinonewayoranother.Theygenerallydonothavesideeffects.Theyarenotbasedonrealscience.A)Theyareavailableatmostcountryfairs.Theyaretakeninrelativelyhighdosage.Theyarecollectedorgrow

12、nbyfarmers.Theyareprescribedbytrainedpractitioners.A)Theyhaveoftenprovedtobeashelpfulasdoingmentalexercise.Takingthemwithothermedicationsmightentailunnecessaryrisks.Theireffectlastsonlyashorttime.Manyhavebenefitedfromthem.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfo

13、llowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked,B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Howcatastrophicnatura

14、ldisastersturnouttobetodevelopingnations.HowtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationstudiesnaturaldisasters.Howpowerlesshumansappeartobeinfaceofnaturaldisasters.Howthenegativeimpactsofnaturaldisasterscanbereduced.A)Bytrainingrescueteamsforemergencies.Bytakingstepstopreparepeopleforthem.Bychangingpeoplesvi

15、ewsofnature.Byrelocatingpeopletosaferplaces.A)Howpreventiveactioncanreducethelossoflife.HowcourageousCubansareinfaceofdisasters.HowCubanssufferfromtropicalstorms.Howdestructivetropicalstormscanbe.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)PaybacktheirloanstotheAmericangovernment.Provide

16、loanstothoseinseverefinancialdifficulty.Contributemoretothegoalofawiderrecovery.Speeduptheirrecoveryfromthehousingbubble.A)Somebanksmayhavetomergewithothers.Manysmallerregionalbanksaregoingtofail.Itwillbehardforbankstoprovidemoreloans.Manybankswillhavetolayoffsomeemployees.A)Itwillworkcloselywiththe

17、government.Itwillendeavortowriteoffbadloans.Itwilltrytolowertheinterestrate.Itwilltrytoprovidemoreloans.A)ItwonthelptheAmericaneconomytoturnaround.Itwontdoanygoodtothemajorcommercialbanks.ItwillwintheapprovaloftheObamaadministration.Itwillbenecessaryiftheeconomystartstoshrinkagain.Questions23to25are

18、basedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Beingunabletolearnnewthings.Beingratherslowtomakechanges.Losingtempermoreandmoreoften.Losingtheabilitytogetonwithothers.A)Cognitivestimulation.Communityactivity.Balanceddiet.Freshair.A)Ignoringthesignsandsymptomsofaging.Adoptinganoptimisticattitudetowardslife.En

19、deavoringtogiveupunhealthylifestyles.Seekingadvicefromdoctorsfromtimetotime.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefull

20、ybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Pursuingacareerisanessentialpartofadolescentdevelopment.“Theadolescentbecomesanadultwhenhe_26_area

21、ljob.”TocognitiveresearcherslikePiaget,adulthoodmeantthebeginningofan_27_.Piagetarguedthatonceadolescentsentertheworldofwork,theirnewlyacquiredabilitytoformhypothesesallowsthemtocreaterepresentationsthataretooideal.The_28_ofsuchideals,withoutthetemperingoftherealityofajoborprofession,rapidlyleadsado

22、lescentstobecome_29_ofthenon-idealisticworldandtopressforreforminacharacteristicallyadolescentway.Piagetsaid“:Trueadaptationtosocietycomes_30_whentheadolescentreformerattemptstoputhisideastowork.”Ofcourse,youthfulidealismisoftencourageous,andnoonelikestogiveupdreams.Perhaps,taken_31_outofcontext,Pia

23、getsstatementseemsharsh.Whathewas_32_，however,isthewayrealitycanmodifyidealisticviews.Somepeoplerefertosuchmodificationasmaturity.Piagetarguedthatattainingandacceptingavocationisoneofthebestwaystomodifyidealizedviewsandtomature.Ascareersandvocationsbecomelessavailableduringtimesof_33_,adolescentsmay

24、beespeciallyhardhit.Suchdifficulteconomictimesmayleavemanyadolescents_34_abouttheirrolesinsociety.Forthisreason,communityinterventionsandgovernmentjobprogramsthatoffersummerandvacationworkarenotonlyeconomically_35_butalsohelptostimulatetheadolescentssenseofworth.automaticallybeneficialcapturingconfu

25、sedemphasizingentranceexcitedexistenceincidentallyintolerantoccupationpromisesrecessionslightlyundertakesSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderi

26、ved.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Cansocietiesberichandgreen?A“Ifoureconomiesaretoflourish,ifglobalpovertyistobeeliminatedandifthewell-beingoftheworldspeopleenhancednotjustinthisgenerationbutinsucce

27、edinggenerationswemustmakesurewetakecareofthenaturalenvironmentandresourcesonwhichoureconomicactivitydepends.”Thatstatementcomesnot,asyoumightimagine,fromastereotypicaltree-hugging,save-the-worldgreenie(环保主义者),butfromGordonBrown,apoliticianwithareputationforrigour,thoroughnessandaboveall,caution.Asu

28、rprisingthingforthemanwhorunsoneoftheworldsmostpowerfuleconomiestosay?Perhaps;thoughintherun-uptothefive-yearreviewoftheMillennium(千年的)Goals,heisfarfromalone.Therootsofhisspeech,giveninMarchattheroundtablemeetingofenvironmentandenergyministersfromtheG20groupofnations,stretchbackto1972,andtheUnitedNa

29、tionsConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentinStockholm.“Theprotectionandimprovementofthehumanenvironmentisamajorissuewhichaffectsthewell-beingofpeoplesandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld,”readthefinaldeclarationfromthisgathering,thefirstofasequencewhichwouldleadtotheRiodeJaneiroEarthSummitin1992andthe

30、WorldDevelopmentSummitinJohannesburgthreeyearsago.HuntthroughthereportspreparedbyUNagenciesanddevelopmentgroupsmanyforconferencessuchasthisyearsMillenniumGoalsreviewandyouwillfindthatthelinkagebetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicprogressisacommonthread.Managingecosystemssustainablyismoreprofita

31、blethanexploitingthem,accordingtotheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment.Butfindinghardevidencetosupportthethesisisnotsoeasy.Thoughtsturnfirsttosomesortofglobalstatistic,someindicatorwhichwouldratethewealthofnationsinbotheconomicandenvironmentaltermsandshowarelationshipbetweenthetwo.Ifsuchanindicatorexists

32、,itiswellhidden.Andonreflection,thisisnotsurprising;thesingleword“environment”hassomanydimensions,andtherearesomanyotherfactorsaffectingwealthsuchastheoildepositsthatteasingoutasimpleeconomy-environmentrelationshipwouldbealmostimpossible.TheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment,avastfour-yearglobalstudywhic

33、hreporteditsinitialconclusionsearlierthisyear,foundreasonstobelievethatmanagingecosystemssustainablyworkingwithnatureratherthanagainstitmightbelessprofitableintheshortterm,butcertainlybringslong-termrewards.AndtheWorldResourcesInstitute(WRI)initsWorldResources2005report,issuedattheendofAugust,produc

34、edseveralsuchexamplesfromAfricaandAsia;italsodemonstratedthatenvironmentaldegradationaffectsthepoormorethantherich,aspoorerpeoplederiveamuchhigherproportionoftheirincomedirectlyfromthenaturalresourcesaroundthem.Buttherearealsomanyexamplesofgrowingwealthbytrashingtheenvironment,inrichandpoorpartsofth

35、eworldalike,whetherthroughunregulatedmineralextraction,drasticwateruseforagriculture,slash-and-burnfarming,orfossil-fuel-guzzling（大量消耗）transport.Ofcourse,suchgrowthmaynotpersistinthelongtermwhichiswhatMr.BrownandtheStockholmdeclarationwerebothattemptingtopointout.Perhapsthebestexampleofboomgrowthand

36、bustdeclineistheGrandBanksfishery.Foralmostfivecenturiesaverylargesupplyofcod（鳕鱼）providedabundantrawmaterialforanindustrywhichatitspeakemployedabout40,000people,sustainingentirecommunitiesinNewfoundland.Then,abruptly,thecodpopulationcollapsed.Therewerenolongerenoughfishintheseaforthestocktomaintaini

37、tself,letaloneanindustry.Morethanadecadelater,therewasnosignoftheecosystemre-buildingitself.Ithad,apparently,beenfishedoutofexistence;andtheoncemightyNewfoundlandfleetnowgropesaboutfranticallyforcrabontheseafloor.ThereisaviewthatmodernhumansareinevitablysowingtheseedofaglobalGrandBanks-styledisaster

38、.Theideaisthatwearetakingmoreoutofwhatyoumightcalltheplanetsenvironmentalbankbalancethanitcansustain;wearelivingbeyondourecologicalmeans.Onerecentstudyattemptedtocalculatetheextentofthis“ecologicalovershootofthehumaneconomy”,andfoundthatweareusing1.2Earths-worthofenvironmentalgoodsandservicestheimpl

39、icationbeingthatatsomepointthedebtwillbecalledin,andallthoseservicesthethingswhichtheplanetdoesforusforfreewillgrindtoahalt.Whetherthisisright,andifsowhereandwhentheecologicalaxewillfall,ishardtodeterminewithanyprecisionwhichiswhygovernmentsandfinancialinstitutionsareonlybeginningtobringsuchrisksint

40、otheireconomiccalculations.Itisalsothereasonwhydevelopmentagenciesarenotunitedintheirviewofenvironmentalissues;whilesome,liketheWRI,maintainthatenvironmentalprogressneedstogohand-in-handwitheconomicdevelopment,othersarguethatthepriorityistobuildathrivingeconomy,andthenusethewealthcreatedtotackleenvi

41、ronmentaldegradation.Thisviewassumesthatrichsocietieswillinvestinenvironmentalcare.Butisthisright?Dothingsgetbetterorworseaswegetricher?HeretheStockholmdeclarationisambiguous.“Inthedevelopingcountries,”itsays,“mostoftheenvironmentalproblemsarecausedbyunder-development.”Soitissayingthateconomicdevelo

42、pmentshouldmakeforacleanerworld?Notnecessarily;“Intheindustralisedcountries,environmentalproblemsaregenerallyrelatedtoindustrialisationandtechnologicaldevelopment,”itcontinues.Inotherwords,poorandrichbothover-exploitthenaturalworld,butfordifferentreasons.Itssimplynottruethateconomicgrowthwillsurelym

43、akeourworldcleaner.Clearly,richersocietiesareabletoprovideenvironmentalimprovementswhichliewellbeyondthereachofpoorercommunities.Citizensofwealthynationsdemandnationalparks,cleanrivers,cleanairandpoison-freefood.Theyalso,however,usefarmorenaturalresources-fuel,water(allthosebathsandgolfcourses)andbu

44、ildingmaterials.Acasecanbemadethatrichnationsexportenvironmentalproblems,themostgraphicexamplebeingclimatechange.Asacountryswealthgrows,sodoitsgreenhousegasemissions.Thefiguresavailablewillnotbecompletelyaccurate.Measuringemissionsisnotaprecisescience,particularlywhenitcomestoissuessurroundinglandus

45、e;notallnationshavere-leasedup-to-datedata,andinanycase,emissionsfromsomesectorssuchasaviationarenotincludedinnationalstatistics.Butthedataisexactenoughforacleartrendtobeeasilydiscernible.Ascountriesbecomericher,theyproducemoregreenhousegases;andtheimpactofthosegaseswillfallprimarilyinpoorpartsofthe

46、world.Wealthisnot,ofcourse,theonlyfactorinvolved.TheaverageNorwegianisbetteroffthantheaverageUScitizen,butcontributesabouthalfasmuchtoclimatechange.ButcouldNorwaykeepitsstandardoflivingandyetcutitsemissionstoMoroccanorevenEthiopianlevels?Thatquestion,repeatedacrossadozenenvironmentalissuesandacrosso

47、urdiverseplanet,iswhatwillultimatelydeterminewhetherthehumanraceislivingbeyonditsecologicalmeansasitpursueseconomicrevival.36.Examplesshowthatbothrichandpoorcountriesexploitedtheenvironmentforeconomicprogress.37.Environmentalprotectionandimprovementbenefitpeopleallovertheworld.38.Itisnotnecessarilyt

48、ruethateconomicgrowthwillmakeourworldcleaner.39.ThecommonthemeoftheUNreportsistherelationbetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.40.Developmentagenciesdisagreeregardinghowtotackleenvironmentissueswhileensuringeconomicprogress.41.Itisdifficulttofindsolidevidencetoproveenvironmentalfriendlines

49、sgeneratesmoreprofitsthanexploitingthenaturalenvironment.42.Sustainablemanagementofecosystemswillproverewardinginthelongrun.43.Apoliticiannotedforbeingcautiousassertsthatsustainablehumandevelopmentdependsonthenaturalenvironment.44.Poorcountrieswillhavetobearthecostforrichnationseconomicdevelopment.4

50、5.OnerecentstudywarnsusofthedangeroftheexhaustionofnaturalresourcesonEarth.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked,B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswe

51、rSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Interactivetelevisionadvertising,whichallowsviewerstousetheirremotecontrolstoclickonadvertisements,hasbeenpushedforyears.Nearlyadecadeagoitwaspredictedthatviewersof“Friends”,apopularsituationcomedy,wouldsoo

52、nbeabletopurchaseasweaterlikeJenniferAnistonswithafewtapsontheirremotecontrol.“Itsbeentheyearofinteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears,”saysColinDixonofadigital-mediaconsultancy.SothenewsthatCablevision,andAmericancablecompany,wasrollingoutinteractiveadvertisementstoallitscustomer

53、sonOctober6thwasgreetedwithsomeskepticism.Duringcommercials,anoverlaywillappearatthebottomofthescreen,promptingviewerstopressabuttontorequestafreesampleororderacatalogue.Cablevisionhopestoallowcustomerstobuythingswiththeirremotecontrolsearlynextyear.Televisionadvertisingcoulddowithaboost.Spendingfel

54、lby10%inthefirsthalfoftheyear.Thepopularizationofdigitalvideorecordershascausedadvertiserstoworrythattheircommercialswillbeskipped.SomeareturningtotheInternet,whichischeaperandoffersconcretemeasurementslikeclick-throughratesespeciallyimportantatatimewhenmarketingbudgetsaretight.Withthelaunchofintera

55、ctiveadvertising,“manyofthedollarsthatwenttotheInternetwillcomebacktotheTV,”saysDavidKlineofCablevision.Orsotheindustryhopes.Intheory,interactiveadvertisingcanengageviewersinawaythat30-secondspotsdonot.UnileverrecentlyrananinteractivecampaignforitsAxedeodorant(除臭剂)，whichkeptviewersengagedformorethan

56、threeminutesonaverage.Theamountspentoninteractiveadvertisingontelevisionisstillsmall.Magna,anadvertisingagency,reckonsitwillbeworthabout$138millionthisyear.Thatfallsfarshortofthebillionsofdollarspeopleonceexpectedittogenerate.ButDirecTV,ComcastandTimeWarnerCablehaveallinvestedinit.AneweffortledbyCan

57、oeVentures,acoalitionofleadingcableproviders,aimstomakeinteractiveadvertisingavailableacrossAmericalaterthisyear.BrightLineiTV,Whichdesignsandsellsinteractiveads,saysinteresthassurged:itexpectsitsrevenuesalmosttotriplethisyear.BSkyB,Britainsbiggestsatellite-televisionservice,alreadyprovides9millionc

58、ustomerswithinteractiveads.Yettherearedoubtswhetherpeoplewatchingtelevision,a“leanback”medium,craveinteraction.Click-throughrateshavebeenhighsofar(around3-4%,comparedwithlessthan0.3%online),butthatmaybearesultofthenovelty.Interactiveadsandviewersmightnotgowelltogether.WhatdoesColinDixonmeanbysaying“

59、Itsbeentheyearofinteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears”(Lines4-5,Para.1)?Interactivetelevisionadvertisingwillbecomepopularin10-12years.Interactivetelevisionadvertisinghasbeenunderdebateforthelastdecadeorso.Interactivetelevisionadvertisingissuccessfulwhenincorporatedintosituationc

60、omedies.Interactivetelevisionadvertisinghasnotachievedtheanticipatedresults.WhatisthepublicsresponsetoCablevisionsplannedinteractiveTVadvertisingprogram?Prettypositive.Totallyindifferent.Somewhatdoubtful.Rathercritical.WhatistheimpactofthewideuseofdigitalvideorecordersonTVadvertising?IthasmadeTVadve