专业英语课程练习翻译参考答案

1、理工大学课程练习试题课程名称专业英语阅读与写Pleasetranslatetheo (or空; 热; 风机Direct(DX)cooling tower; packaged unit(PU); refrigerant liquefied petroleum gas(LPG); dehumidification;desiccant ;air;airIfasubstanceexistsas vaporatthesaturation temperature, itis理工大学课程练习试题课程名称专业英语阅读与写Pleasetranslatetheo (or空; 热; 风机Direct(DX)cool

2、ing tower; packaged unit(PU); refrigerant liquefied petroleum gas(LPG); dehumidification;desiccant ;air;airIfasubstanceexistsas vaporatthesaturation temperature, itiscalled All matterandspaceexternal toasystemiscollectivelycalleditsWhenthepropertiesareconstantfromtoandwhenthereisnotendencyforwith ti

3、me,acondition ofthermodynamicAn s isoneinwhichthetemperatureis heldThecyclewhichismostefficientreservoirisnahigh-temperaturereservoirandalow-Duringtheingcycle, sibledisadvantaget the shetusually enters the region,damagetheheformationofliquid Theingcycleis edoffourideal ses:ses Ifreheat is notused to

4、 avoiddropletformation,thecondenser mustbequiteresulting relativelylow cycle Ifthefluid, thevolumedoesnot agnitudebutmayhestudyofparticlemechanics, whereattentionisfocusedonindividualparticles,motionis observed as a function of hisEuleriandescription,namedafterLeonhardEuler, ofmotion,theflowproperti

5、es,suchas velocity, are functions of both and A isthe focusof postraversedbyagivenparticleasittravelsinafieldofA isalinehe sessingthefollowingproperty:thevelocityvectorofparticleoccupyingaon thelineistangent totheAflowwith thevelocityvectorV=V(z,y,z,t) isaAnyviscoust mayexistareconfined to athin lay

6、er, called alayer.In a flowthefluidflowswithnosignificantlymixingofneighboringfluidisthesciencetseekstopredict theenergy tmaytake placen共 *materialbodiesasaresultoftemperatureDuringaconductions,theheattransferrateperunit areaisproportionaltothetemperature ,whileforaradiationheattransfer, thenetradia

7、ntexchangen willbeproportionaltothedifferencein absolutetemperaturetoAconvectionmaterialbodiesasaresultoftemperatureDuringaconductions,theheattransferrateperunit areaisproportionaltothetemperature ,whileforaradiationheattransfer, thenetradiantexchangen willbeproportionaltothedifferencein absolutetem

8、peraturetoAconvections can be onaturalorfreeconvectionWhencalculatingtheactualenergytransferredbyradiationheattransfer,functionFandthegeometric”function FG mustbeThesimplesttypeofheatexchangerconsistsoftwoconcentricpipesofdifferentdiameters, called the heat exchanger.Aheat exchangerwith 700m2/m3iscl

9、assified asbeing .Perhaps thecommon typeofheat exchangerinindustrial applications isthe heatAn innovativetypeofheat s found widespread useis the exchangers,whichconsistofaseriesofplateswithcorrugatedflatAnothertypeofheatt involvesthealternatepassageofthehot andcold stream throughthesameflowareais th

10、eheatuseheattoconvertofor avariety of applications. er usedprimarilytogenerateelectricityinlargeThefuels ost boilers are and isburnedinall utilityboiler,incoalboilertoignitethecoal Thefactors affecting NOx aretheproportion of chemicallycombinedwiththepeakflametemperature,theavailablethe heflameandth

11、eresidencetimeofthegasesarebestsuitedtolow-cost wastefuelsandlow-qualityorlowheatingvalueistogrindthefeed coal down toasuitablesizefortheThejob ofPulverizes can classified as either storage or ,andthelatterusuallyadopt The isalargeenclosedopenspaceforfuel and arellydesignedinlinetubetthetemperatureo

12、f.Pleasetranslatetheo .hermodynamics,wewillderive trelate the transformationstransfersof energyto chastemperature, re and 在热力学中等关系间的方程推导有关能量转化和传递与物性参数，如温度、压力及密Athermodynamic system isa tyofmatter containedwithinsome热力系统是一包围在某一封闭边界内的具有固定质量的物质Quasi-equilibriumsescan approximatemany ses, suchastheand o

13、f gasesin ernalcombustionengine, withnosignificantlossof 压缩和膨胀过程。TheAthermodynamic system isa tyofmatter containedwithinsome热力系统是一包围在某一封闭边界内的具有固定质量的物质Quasi-equilibriumsescan approximatemany ses, suchastheand of gasesin ernalcombustionengine, withnosignificantlossof 压缩和膨胀过程。Thetermsaturation temperat

14、uredesignatesthetemperatureat whichvaporization place at a given 在给定压力下发生气化的温度称为饱和温度术语饱和温度指给定压力下发生气化的It is sibletoconstruct a toperatesin acycleandwhosesoleeffecttransfer ofheat from acooler bodyto ahotter制造一台能是把热量从低温物体传给高温物体的循环设备是不可能TheCarnotengineisveryuseful, sinceitsefficiencyestablishesefficien

15、cyof anyreal 卡诺机非常有用，因为它的运行效率为任何实际热机最大可能的效率ANewtonianfluidisafluidwhosestressversusrateof straincurveislinear andpasses through the origin.流体是指应力与变形率关系曲线为过坐标圆点的直线的流Aninviscid flowisoneinwhichviscouseffectsdonotsignificantlyinfluencetheflow and are thus neglected.非黏性(无粘是指黏性作用的影响很小、可被忽略。Ina turbulentf

16、low fluid motionsvery irregularlytch asvelocity reshow arandom variationwithtimeand space 在紊流中，流体运动作不规则地变化，速度和压力等参数的大小在时间和空间标上呈现化If theReynoldsnumber isrelatively small，the flowislaminar;ifit islarge, theflow如果雷诺数相对较小Heat transfer isthe为层流；如果雷诺数较大，则为紊t seeksto predict theenergy t maytake nmaterial b

17、odiesasaresult of temperature传热学是一门研究在存在温差的物体间发生能量传递的科学The termconvection providesthereader nuitive notionconcerning s对流这个术语给读者提供了有关传热过程的直观概念，然而，必须扩展这种直概念，可以达到对某一问题进行充分的分析和处理Thetemperaturegradientisdependentontherateatwhichthefluidcarriestheheat 温度梯度依赖于流体带走热量的速度，较高的流速将产生较大的温度梯度Ablackbody will emiten

18、ergy ata rateproportional to theerofthe temperatureofthebodyand directlyproportional to rface 黑体辐射力正比于物体绝对温度的四次方及其表S-and-tubeheat exchangerscontain alargenumber oftubes(sometimesdred) packed ina withtheiraxesparallel t ofthe .管壳式换热器外壳里封装有黑体辐射力正比于物体绝对温度的四次方及其表S-and-tubeheat exchangerscontain alargenu

19、mber oftubes(sometimesdred) packed ina withtheiraxesparallel t ofthe .管壳式换热器外壳里封装有大量的管（有时为数百根其轴线与外壳轴线平Another typeofheat tinvolvesthealternate passageof thehot andfluidstream through thesameflow areaistheregenerativeheat 另一类冷、热流体交替通过面积的换热器为蓄热式换热器Modernboilerscanbeclassifiedbyvariouscriteria.Theseinc

20、ludeenduse, method, operatingre,fuel and circulation 料和循环方式。egratedGasification CombinedCycle(IGCC) addsacoal gasifier totheCCtofuelcost and minimizeairborne整体煤气化联合循环（IGCC：在CC基础上增加煤气化炉污染排放降到最费用并Acoalclassificationsystemisneededbecausecoal isabstancewiderange ofition and 由于煤是一种不均匀的物质，且其组成和特性变动很大，所以建立

21、煤的分类系是很必要的Allcoalfired heutilityfirepulverized coal (produced bymilling) whichvery finelydivided coal carried totheburner onastream of air所有的燃煤锅炉都是燃烧煤粉（由磨煤机生产这些煤粉经过很好由空气流（一次风）送入燃烧器，然Propaneiswidelyusedinignitersfortheoilburnersinbothmainoilandcoalfired 丙烷常常作为一种点火剂，广泛地应用于燃油锅炉和燃煤锅炉中的油燃烧The fluidizedbe

22、d consistsonly oflime,fewpercent coal andrecirculated 流化床中主要是石灰和少量的煤，煤焦在其中循Asgrinding proceeds,fine particlesare removedfrom the sto prevent erconsumption and随着磨煤的进行，为了防止过度磨制和降低能耗及磨损，磨好的煤粉从磨煤机Ball-and-tubemillshavelargelybeensupplantedbyverticalair-s new boilers.对新建锅炉来说，中速磨已经大量的取代了筒式钢球磨Modernboilersare a complexconfigurationofthermal-hydarulic t pulverizersandsec