高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day35

1、 高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 35Passage 1We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the

2、 kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, its not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co - workers.Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to ac

3、cept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay(H) and rumor.Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesnt show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still anothe

4、r, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.Thats what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story i

5、n their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors:

6、A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those f

7、acts.According to the passage, active learning may occur in.reading scientific journalslistening to the teacher in classdoing a chemical experimentwatching news programmes on TVWhat does the underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. classroomB. newspapersC. active learningD. passive learningThe

8、game Rumor is mentioned in Paragraph 2 refer to?playing games can make people more activepeople tend to like telling lies when playing gamesa message may be changed when being passed onpeople may have problems with their sense of hearing 4. What can be inferred from the text?Scholars and authors can

9、t be trusted.Passive learning may not be reliable.People like spreading rumors in daily life.Active learning is more Important than passive learning.Passage 2The drama surrounding the UK s decision to leave the EU-Brexit may be happening half a world away, but it can still affect your life here in C

10、hina, in ways that you may have never expected, thanks to globalization. Below, we explore how the referendum）（公投）may disappointingly ruin your favorite TV series, or change your plans to study in the UK, and benefit your wallet when purchasing British productsIt s a mixed bag for Chinese studentChi

11、nese students planning to study in the UK may gain some short-term benefits as a result of the country voting to leave the EU, according to education insiders Non-British EU nationals represented 6 4 percent of all full-time undergraduate and postgraduate students at UK universities last year. Brexi

12、t （脱欧）may result in fewer EU students admission, making room for more students from other countriesYang Lixin, founder of the studying abroad agency Bonjour, said students may alsofind it easier to work in the UK after the Brexit . EU rules enable students from one member country to study in another

13、 member count ryAnd after obtaining their degree, they can find a job there, before being allowed to settle down officially a few years later. However, thanks to Brexit, EU students hoping to find a job and settle in the UK will now have their plans upset Yang told Tencent, “That might provide oppor

14、tunities for Chinese students seeking work,r he addedHe Chugang, general manager of the South China region at Amber Education, an overseas studies consulting agency, also said the cost of studying in the UK will be lower. International students, on average, spend 300, 000 yuan each year in the UK. C

15、onsidering the 10 to 15 percendepreciation of British pound against yuan since the referendum, students will save about 50, 000 yuan per ye arDespite the potential benefits for Chinese students, he was not pessimistic about Brexit s impact on the future of British higher education “ Leaving the EU i

16、s of no benefit to the country,h+siaider effects on international education remain tobe seen ”Which one is NOT a correct statement according to the passa geBrexit might have you get British products at a lower price.Job opportunities might be increased for Chinese students in the U Kcould be bad new

17、s to those who can not afford the cost of studying in the U KChances are greater that students from other countries outside EU may get adm jttedSpeaking of Brexit, what sie attitude of He Chugang towards international education? A. PessimisticB. OptimisticC. CautiousD. IndifferentThe underlined word

18、 depreciation probably meansA. crashB. recoveryC. breakdownD. decreaseWhat is the passage mainly aboutThe referendum will ruin the British future The British are optimistic about the referendumLeaving the EU must have a worldwide influence on educationBrexit might be beneficial to Chinese students p

19、lanning to study in the UKPassage 3When Frank and I stepped through the post office doors, there was a crowd gathered, gawking at the new fixture on the wall like a chorus of wide mouthed frogs I had to get closer, and that was where being a girl thats scrawnier than a wire fence came in handy Fortu

20、nately, Frank, my twin of eleven years, was just the sameCome on. I said, grabbing his hand, and we slid through the cracks between people until we spilled out in frontFinally I got a good look It was fixed to the plaster next to the postmasters window, the place of honor usually reserved for the Wa

21、nted posters. Beady - eyed Zedekiah Smith, the bank robber, still hung there, but even he had been pushed aside for something more importantA telephone The first one in townHows it work ? Noah Crawford called out Noahs the best fix- it man around, and I could tell he was itching to get his fingers o

22、n those shiny knobsDont rightly know, answered the postmaster, and he tugged at his goatee as if it might tell him I do know the sound of your voice moves along wires strung on poles Its sort of like the telegraph, only you hear words instead of dots and dashesAh, the crowd murmured, and I felt my o

23、wn mouth move alongI gazed at that gleaming wood box and something happened inside mSeomething-I can only guess-that might be like falling in love The thought of talking into that box- of making my voice sail through wires in the sky-it took over my brain I couldnt get it outFrank, I whispered to my

24、 twin I have to use that telephone Five minutes later, Frank towed me up Main Street, toward homeLiza- he began, but I cut him off We two thought so much alike, I had Franks questions answeredbefore he even askedPeople crowded in the post office becausethey were attracted by a new poster.the postmas

25、ter was delivering a speech.they were curious about the telephone.there was a wanted bank robber captured.Which of the following is Not True according to the passage？ Many people stared at the new device in open mouthed amazementThe slight figured twins managed to push to the front of the crowdEven

26、the best fixe- it man in the town got no idea about the new deviceThe postmaster didnt know anything about how the telephone worke dBy It took over my brain I couldnt get it out., we get a clear picture of the girlseagerness to use the telephone.fascination for the wood box.puzzlement over the stran

27、ge sound.determination to fly in the sky.What is the passage mainly abou？ t The twins frustrating experiences in the townA special assembly called in the local post officePeoples reaction to the arrival of the first telephoneA great celebration of the start of telephone servic ePassage 4Learning New

28、 Vocabulary during Deep SleepSleeping time is sometimes considered unproductive time. This raises the question whether the time spent asleep could be used more productively, e.g. for learning a new language? Up-to-now sleep research focused on the stabilization and strengthening of memories that had

29、 been formed during wakefulness. However, learning during sleep has rarely been examined. There is enough evidence for wake-learned information undergoing a revision by replay in the sleeping brain. The replay during sleep strengthens the still weak memory and leaves the newly acquired information i

30、n the pre-existing store of knowledge.If re-play during sleep improves the storage of wake-learned information, then first-play, i.e. the initial processing of new information, should also be possible during sleep.The research group of Katharina Henke examined whether a sleeping person is ableto for

31、m new semantic （语义的） associations between played foreign words andtranslation words during the brain cells active states, the so-called“ Up-states. ” Itturned out to be that what they thought was reasonable. When we reach deep sleep stages, our brain cells progressively coordinate their activity. Du

32、ring deep sleep, the brain cells are commonly active for a brief period of time before they jointly enter intoa state of brief inactivity. The active state is called“ Up-state ” and the inactiv“ Down-state ” . The two states alternOt替）about every half-second.New evidence for sleep-learning challenge

33、s current theories of sleep and theoriesof memory. The concept of sleep that we are separated from the physical environment is no longer reasonable. It s false that complexbeleiamrnpionsgsible during deep sleep, says Simon Ruch, co-first-author. In how far and with what consequences deep sleep can b

34、e applied for the acquisition of new information will be a topic of research in upcoming years, says Katharina Henke.The research group of Katharina Henke is part of the Interfaculty Research Cooperation （IRC）. Thirteen research groups in medicine, biology and psychology are part of the IRC. The aim

35、 of these research groups is to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms （原理）involved in sleep and consciousness.Which of the followings haven t sleep researchers achieved so far?People can learn vocabulary during deep sleep.Memories can be stable and strong during sleep.Wake-learned informatio

36、n can appear in the sleeping brain.Re-play during sleep improves the storage of wake-learned information.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?“ Up-state ” and “ Down-state ” appear in turn during deep sleep.“ Up-states ” is another name for the bra in caeclltsive states.Semantic associations are im

37、portant for language learning.The brain cells active states are central for sleep-learning.What will researchers do within several years according to the passage?Make study in the following fields such as medicine and biology.Separate us from the physical environment.Apply deep sleep for information

38、 learning.Discover the concept of sleep.What is the main purpose of the passage?To introduce a new way of vocabulary learning.To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms.To challenge current theories of sleep and theories of memory.To explain the possibility of vocabulary learning during deep s

39、leep.Passage 5The theatre in Shakespeare timse was much different than it is today. Authors wrote plays for the masses, especially those who couldn t read or write.The theatre changed a lot during Shakespeare s lifetime. The authorities didnit and didn t allow acting in the city itself: They thought

40、 it had a bad influence on people and kept them from going to church. Queen Elizabeth, on the other hand, loved acting and helped the theatre become popular.The theatre in Shakespeare s time was full of life. People did not sit all the time and it was not quiet during the performance. The audience c

41、ould walk around, eat and drink during the play.Theaters were open arenas or playhouses that had room for up to three thousand people. There was almost no scenery because the dialogue was the most important part of the play. Colourful and well-designed costumes were very important and told the peopl

42、e about the status of a character. Women never performed in plays, 80 young boys played female characters. The performances took place in the afternoon because it was too dark at night.There was no stage crew as there is today. Actors had to do everything themselves- from making costumes to setting

43、the stage. Plays were organized by acting companies. They performed about 6 different plays each week becausethey needed money to survive. They had almost no time to rehears的卜练）.The companies in Shakespeare s time had a rank system. The company belonged to shareholders and managers. They were respon

44、sible for everything and got most of the money when the company was successful. Sometimes they even owned their own buildings. Actors worked for the managers and after some time became a permanent member of the company. Apprentices学徒）were young boys and were allowed to act in unimportant role. They

45、also played female characters in plays.Why was the theatre banned by the authorities?It was much different than before.They thought it affected people negatively.They thought it kept people going to church.The queen didn t like it.What does the underlined word“arenas in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Stages.B.

46、 Stores.C. Companies.D. Playgrounds.What do we know about then actors?They could drink during the play.Women had to cross-dress male characters.They had stage crew to help them.They were too busy to practice.What is the author s purpose in writing the text?To remember Shakespeare.To show his love of

47、 Shakespeare s plays.To introduce theaters in Shakespeare s time.To discuss the company s rank system.参考答案Passage 1C细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第二句We achieve it actively by directexperience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.我们主动学至 U知识是通 过直接经验、做实验、证明一个想法或质疑。与C选项的做化学实验一致。D 代词指代题。由此前的 “Conditioned as

48、we are to passive learning, its not surprising that we depend on jt in our everyday communication with friends and co workers.这是由as引起的让步状语从句的倒装旬，理解为：虽然我们对于被动 学习是有条件的，可是我们在日常和朋友、同事交流时依靠它是一点都不令人惊 讶。从句意理解，它”即指被动学习。C推理判断题。由本段对谣言这个游戏规则的具体阐述及最后得出的 “Typically, the original message has changed.都是为了 证明一句话在一个

49、人传播 到另一个人的反复过程中在不断发生改变。B推理判断题。A选项说学者和作者不能被信任。B被动学习可能是不 可信任的。C人们在日常生活中喜欢传播谣言。D主动学习比被动学习更重要。 从文章的内容看，全文由学习的两种方式：主动学习和被动学习展开。重点都在 讨论被动学习的方式中可能存在的问题。所以ACD都是不能推断出来的。Passage 2C细节理解题。根据第一段 we explore how the referendum （公投）may benefit your wallet when purchasing British products. 字面意思是当你在购买英国 产品时，能对你的钱包有益，

50、也就是说 出格能便宜一些”故A选项是正确的。根 据第二段最后一句 Brexit （脱欧）may result in fewer EU students admissionmaking room for more students from other countries.可知脱欧能增加非欧盟国家留学生的 录取机会，故D选项正确。根据第三段第一句 students may also find it easier to work in the UK after the Brexit.可知B选项也是正确的。根据第四段的 cost of studying in the UK will be lower

51、可知对留学生来说学费降低，并不一定是件坏事。 所以C选项不正确。C推理判断题。根据第四段中He Chugang说的话，他用的词“onaverage ,10 to 15 percen以及 “ students will save about 50 000 yuan per year.可知，他说话时很小心谨慎的，故选 Co A.悲观的，B,乐观的D.中立的，这 三个选项都无法体现。D 词义猜测题。定位到划线词这一段，Considering the 10 to 15 percentdepreciation of British pound against yuan since the referen

52、dum 考虑至 U全民公投以 来英镑对人民币贬值10%至15%，学生每年将节省大约50000元。所以D 选项符合题意。A. 撞碎；坠毁B. 恢复 C. 故障；崩溃。D 主旨大意题。根据 Despite the potential benefits for Chinese student 及个段落可知本文都在讲英国脱欧后对中国学生的好处。所以D 选项正确。Passage 3C 细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段的“ It was fixed to the plaster next to thepostmasters window， the place of honor usually reserve

53、d for the Wanted posters. Beady 一eyed Zedekiah Smith the bank robber still hung there, but even he had been pushed aside for something more important. A telephone. The first one in townT 知它固定在 邮政主管窗户旁边的石膏上，通常为通缉海报保留的荣誉地点。那个银行抢劫犯强壮的泽德基亚史密斯仍然挂在那里，但即使这样他也被推到一边，因为有更重要的东西 一部电话，镇上的第一个。这就是人们在邮局拥挤的原因。选 C。D

54、细节理解题。根据I do know the sound of your voice moves along wiresstrung on poles. Its sort of like the telegrap，h only you hear words instead of dots and dashes. 可知我知道你的声音沿着电线上的电线移动。它有点像电报，只有你听到的 TOC o 1-5 h z 是单词而不是点和短划线。他知道电话如何工作。选D。A情感态度题，根据下文她说的话I have to use that telephone我要使用那部电话，选A。C 主旨大意题之。文章中第一段大家争先恐后的看，和惊呆的表情引出这部电话，后文讲述大家对电话的好奇等等反应，可知选C。Passage 4A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ This raises the question whether the timespent asleep could be used more productively, e.g. for learning a new language? Up-to- now sleep research focused on the stabilization and strengthening of memories that had been formed