高三英语非谓语动词语法填空专题训练总复习 完整版课件PPT

1、非谓语动词 非谓语动词是语法填空的必考考点，每年高考都有数道题。不仅如此，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法，对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。首先，我们回顾一下非谓语动词的语法功能(在句中充当何种成分)：考点解密主语表语宾语补语定语状语不定式+现在分词+过去分词+动名词+非谓语动词的语法功能考点1：作主语 表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用-ing；表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用to do 。考点2：作表语(1) 动名词和不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容。(2)分词作表语则说明主语的性质，像puzzling, surprising, exciting等-ing分词表示“令人的(事

2、物)”；像puzzled, surprised, excited等-ed分词表示“(人)感到的”。考点3：作宾语(1)有些动词只能用不定式作宾语。如refuse, expect, promise, decide, offer, pretend等。(类似动词和短语动词还有哪些？请补上)(2)有些动词只能用动名词作宾语。如：keep, allow, finish, enjoy, mind, practice, avoid, admit, advise, consider, imagine, appreciate, escape, suggest等。(类似动词和短语动词还有哪些？请补上)(3) 在表

3、示“需要”的need, want和require等后用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式。 (4)在forget, remember, regret, mean, try等动词后既可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义差别较大。(5)在介词之后用动名词作宾语。注意to是介词的短语，如be /get used to, be accustomed to(习惯于), contribute to , devote oneself to /be devoted to, get down to, look forward to等。(6)含介词的固定句式：prevent /stop /kee

4、p sb. /sth. from doing 阻止做spend /waste time or money in doing 在做方面花费/浪费时间或金钱have some difficulty/trouble in doing 在做方面有些困难have a hard time in doing sth.做某事很艰难there is no sense in doing做是没有理由/道理的(7)介词后一般只能接动名词，但在表示“除外”的介词but和except后，有时可接不定式；当前面有行为动词do时，不定式不带to；前面没有行为动词do时，要带to。考点4：作宾补当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主

5、动关系时，用不定式(未来或全过程)或-ing形式(正在进行或一直处于某种状态)；当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，用-ed形式。请注意复习以下6点：(1)在ask, invite, encourage, advise, forbid, remind等动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补。(2)在help后作宾补的不定式带不带to均可。(3)在make, let, have等使役动词和feel, smell, hear, see, watch等感官动词后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。(4)在with的宾语后，若用-ed形式，表示宾语与-ed形式在逻辑

6、上是被动关系，且意味着该动作已经完成；若用-ing形式，表示宾语与-ing形式在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示动作持续进行。(5)get sb. to do sth. =have sb. do sth.使某人做某事(主动、将来); get/havedoing使处于某一状态中(主动、持续); getdone=have sth. done请人做/遭受(被动)。(6) make oneself 后常用understood, heard, seen, known等作宾补，表示让别人明白自己的意思/让自己讲的话被别人听到/让自己被别人看到/让自己被别人认识。考点5：作状语(1)在表示时间、让步、方式或伴随情况

7、时，非谓语动词若与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系，用-ing形式，若与句子主语在逻辑上是被动关系，用-ed形式。(2)不定式作状语只能放在句末，且不用逗号，多用于表示情绪或情感反应的动词、形容词(如glad, sorry, surprised, frightened, delighted)之后，表示原因。(3)不定式表结果，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的，前面常加only；也还用于tooto, enough to, so/suchas to等固定结构中。-ing形式表示的结果，是伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果（同时发生），谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系。(4)在

8、作表语的形容词后或者作宾补的形容词后作状语，一般只用不定式。(5)表示目的时只能用不定式，此时的不定式可以放在句首。(6) 在“连词(如when, while, if, though等)+分词”结构中，当分词与主句主语是主动关系时用-ing形式，是被动关系时用-ed形式。考点6：作定语(1)动词不定式作定语：常放在所修饰的名词之后，表示一个将来的动作，多用来修饰have、there be、with之后的名词，表示“有要”；或修饰“the+序数词”。(2)分词作定语：被修饰的名词与分词是主动关系，用-ing形式，是被动关系时用-ed形式。考点7：独立结构(1) -ing形式的独立成分：judgi

9、ng by /from(根据判断), generally speaking(一般说来)，strictly speaking(严格说来), frankly speaking(坦率地说)等。(2)不定式的独立结构：to tell you the truth(和你说实话吧), to make things worse(情况更糟的是)等。(3)用作介词或连词的considering(考虑到，就而言)和given(考虑到)后接名词或that从句。 解答语法填空时，首先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给动词必定用非谓语动词；然后分析该非谓语动词在句中作什么句子成分，初定作该成分的应是哪

10、一种或几种非谓语动词形式；最后再根据非谓语动词各自的特点和用法，同时看谓语动词有没有特别的要求，再结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定该填哪种形式。解题技巧另外，在确定用-ing形式还是用-ed形式，用to do还是用to be done时，都是由该非谓语动词与逻辑主语是主动关系还是被动关系来确定的。那么，如何找出非谓语动词的逻辑主语？这与非谓语动词在句中作何种成分有关，详见下表：充当句子成分宾语 表语状语定语宾补逻辑主语句子的主语所修饰的词句子的宾语考点击破一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1. _ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both yo

11、ung and old. (全国)2. Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _(argue) with him. (上海)3. Please remain _(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (辽宁)4. Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _(smoke) here. (江苏) Walking arguing seated smoking 5. It is difficult to i

12、magine his _(accept) the decision without any consideration. (陕西)6. I cant stand _(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _(stop) talking while she works. (北京)7. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _ (repair). (陕西)8. Susan wanted to be indepen

13、dent of her parents. She tried _ (live) alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. (湖南)accepting to stop workingto be repaired living 9. Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _(not take) his advice! (安徽)10. If you think that treating a woman well means always _ (get

14、) her permission for things, think again. (湖南)11. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _(open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. (全国)12. They are quiet, arent they? Yes. They are accustomed to _ (not talk) at meals. (江苏)not taking getting being opened and closed not talking 13

15、. Isnt it time you got down to _(mark) the papers? (重庆)14. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ (set) up some schools for poor children. (上海)15. She looks forward every spring to _ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. (上海)16. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time

16、 _ (pass) the exam. (福建)marking setting walking passing 17. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _ (watch) TV. (上海)18. I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing from _ (happen) again. (全国)19. Did you have trouble in_ (find) the post office? (全国)20. Sandy

17、 could do nothing but _ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. (上海)watching happening finding admit 21. I smell something _ (burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国)22. Dont leave the water _ (run) while you brush your teeth. (天津)23. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ (bu

18、rn) all night. (全国)24. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ (carry) out the next year. (全国)burning running burning carried 25. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ (speak) as much as we can. (江苏)26. He is very popular among his students as he

19、 always tries to make them _(interest) in his lectures. (江苏)27. Energy drinks are not allowed _(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. (上海) 28. My advisor encouraged me _(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京) spoken interested to be made to take 29. My parents hav

20、e always made me _(feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve. (江苏)30. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ (grow) up from childhood. (全国)31. The mother felt herself _ (grow) cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield. (上海)32. Paul doesnt have to be made _ (

21、learn). He always works hard. (全国) feel grow grow to learn 33. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. (福建)34. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ (finish), he gladly accepted it. (安徽)35. With a lot

22、of difficult problems _ (settle), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (上海)36. The director had her assistant _(pick) up some hot dogs for the meeting. (全国)filling finished to settle pick 37. Did Peter fix the computer himself? He had it _(fix), because he doesnt know much about comput

23、ers. (安徽)38. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _ (improve) in a short period. (福建)39. Helen had to shout to make herself _ (hear) above the sound of the music. (广西)40. Peter received a letter just now _(say) his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川)fix

24、ed improved heard saying 41. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _ (move), and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南)42. _(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. (安徽)43. _ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized h

25、e had left the cheque in the car. (福建)44. _ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (福建)moving Walking Having waited Blamed 45. He hurried to the booking office only _ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. (陕西)46. European football is played in 80

26、 countries, _ (make) it the most popular sport in the world. (全国)47. You were silly not _(lock) your car. (湖南)48. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _(breathe). (宁夏) to be told making to have locked to breathe 49. _ (complete) the project as planned, well have to work

27、 two more hours a day. (湖南)50. When _ (ask) why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. (江西)51. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _(water) every day. (四川)52. When _(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without no

28、ticing the many similarities. (浙江)To complete asked watered comparing 53. The last one _(arrive) pays the meal. Agree! (全国)54. The trees _(blow) in the storm have been moved off the road. (湖南)55. Can those _ (seat) at the back of the classroom hear me? (福建)56. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ (form) in your mind instead of before your eyes. (广西)to arrive blown seated forming 57. The children went home from the grammar school, their l