阅读简答蔡 完整版课件

1、英语专题复习之 阅读简答 Teaching aims:1.帮助学生解读考纲，了解题型；2.帮助学生形成正确的解题思路，掌握一定 的解题技巧，提高他们的解题能力。 阅读简答是将阅读理解与书面表达综合在一起的一种题型，在考查考生阅读理解能力的基础上考查考生的英语表达能力和概括能力。该题型要求学生在读懂文章的前提下，对文章的关键信息进行过滤和重新整合，用自己的语言按要求回答出有关的问题。 简答题的基础依然是阅读理解，但要求更高。主要考查学生获取信息，处理信息，分析和解决问题的能力。考生要用简练的语言在限定字数内回答问题，同时还要注意拼写及语法的正确。相比阅读理解，这是难度更高的一个题型。考纲解读语篇

2、特点：阅读简答题的体裁多为说明文,议论文或记叙文。从2007到2010湖南卷简答题的阅读材料来看, 所选文章结构严密,脉络清晰,层次分明,易读易懂,且题材多为考生熟悉的日常生活话题和最新科技发现或发明,字数在260-340之间。设题特点： 简答题以考查细节为主,兼顾考查主旨,语义和推理.其设题考查方式分词义句义猜测理解,细节理解,主旨大意归纳,信息列举和逻辑推理等.题目设置对语篇理解既有深度又有广度。考查重点： 考生的语言输出能力题型解读读懂试题,找出题干关键词.2. 速读文章, 根据题干关键词定位答题信息.3. 推敲理解信息句,遣词组句答题.4. 检查核对, 确保答案正确.解题步骤 推敲理解

3、信息句,遣词组句答题.各个击破之一 审题 (以2010年湖南高考卷为例)What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have?2. Why did Linda join the American Womens Club of Toronto?3. Why did Linda ask for a second wish list?4. What kind of people does “secret Santas” in the passage refer to？childrens reactionthe reason or the ai

4、mthe reason or the aimwhat kind of peopleRemember?How do the industrial chemicals affecting our weight come into our body?提示 ： 要做好简答题， 首先得读懂问题。一是要抓住问题中的信息词，这有助于在阅读时快速准确的找到答题所需的信息；二是要注意提问方式，这是决定答案形式的依据。各个击破之一 审题各个击破之二 信息搜索各个击破之二 信息搜索81. What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have？（no more

5、 than 5 words)关键词搜索:reaction/ children/Linda/ imagineOn Christmas morning, Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise of children82. Why did Linda join the American Womens Club of Toronto?关键词搜索:why/ Linda/ the American Womens Club of Toronto and Linda did charitable work as a member

6、 of the American Womens Club of Toronto. As the name suggests, members are U.S. citizens living in Toronto, who join together for fellowship and community service.83. Why did Linda ask for a second wish list?关键词搜索:why/ Linda/ a second wish list Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish list

7、-one that didnt include the basics.84. What kind of people does “secret Santas” in the passage refer to？ 关键词搜索:what kind of people/ secret SantasThe joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.提示 ： 信息搜索时，我们可以利用问题中的关键词在文章中搜索相关信息, 比如人名,地名,特定的时间,某些专有名词等, 也可以借助题目本身的特点进行搜索，比

8、如，就目的提问，文章中常常会有不定式短语，或者aim to /aim at, goal 之类的字眼。就原因提问，相关信息往往也会有不定式短语, because, as, for，since从句或者reason, cause之类的字眼。各个击破之二 信息搜索各个击破之三 信息加工提示 ： 搜索到所需信息后之后，要按照题目要求将信息进行加工，转换，整理，处理，这一步是关键，也是难点。加工信息时要注意： 1.答案应具高度概括性，要符合题目对字数的限定(若超出规定字数，答案正确也要扣分)。 2.表达的形式要正确, 尤其注意答案在问题中所充当的句子成分。e.g. 1. What is animal ps

9、ychology? Animal psychology is a partly independent branch of psychology and deals with animal behavior and cognition(认知). and deals with(no more than 13 words)Its a partly independent branch of psychology dealing with animal behavior and cognition.Animal psychology_e.g.2. What is the purpose of app

10、lying Drive Alert?(No more than 4 words) A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel isabout to undergo testing at Department of Transportation laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months. The system, called Driver alert, aims to reduce deadly road accidents by 20%-40% that a

11、re caused by tiredness. Airline pilots can also use it to reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue._To reduce tiredness-related accidents. To reduce accidents caused by / related to tiredness purpose Tip 1: 要浓缩答案，需要使用一定的技巧。可以用代词 it, they 等替代问题中出现了的名词及短语,可以采用缩写形式, 可以采用省

12、略句, 可以利用构词法将多个词合成一个复合词,还可以用非谓语动词改写较长的定语从句等。e.g.3. What should you do in order to go to a better university? e.g.4. What is the most important thing if you want to go to a better university? (within 3 words)Study hard.Studying harde.g.5. What makes the Eiffel Tower seen from all over Paris?The Eiffel

13、 Tower can be seen from all over Paris as it stands 300 meters (984 feet) high. The tower has 4 base legs which are placed 80 meters apart from each other and 50 meters above the ground.Its height._(no more than 3 words)81. What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have？（no more than 5 word

14、s)On Christmas morning, Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise of childrenThey will feel greatly surprised84. What kind of people does “secret Santas” in the passage refer to？ The joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.It refers to people who g

15、ive away anonymous gifts on Christmas(no more than 12 words)（ ）Tip 2回答有关what的问题,可能用动词原形,可能用名词词组,可能用不定式或动名词结构,也可以用句子。82. Why did Linda join the American Womens Club of Toronto?相关链接:and Linda did charitable work as a member of the American Womens Club of Toronto. As the name suggests, members are U.S.

16、 citizens living in Toronto, who join together for fellowship and community service.(no more than 10 words)She joined it for fellowship and community service.83. Why did Linda ask for a second wish list?相关链接: Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish list-one that didnt include the basics.B

17、ecause she wanted to give children some other gifts rather than the basics. (no more than 15 words)Tip 3用why提问,作者可能是问原因，也可能是问目的。回答时可能用Because,Because of For 或To等形式。e.g.6. How do the industrial chemicals affecting our weight come into our body? (no more than 4 words)These chemicals, which are used in

18、 products, change hormonal activities when they get into the body. Studies suggest that people have been getting more and more of these chemicals through the food chain in recent decades.Through the food chain_e.g.7 How did Alexander Gustave Eiffel design the Eiffel Tower?(no more than 8 words)(no m

19、ore than 8 words)Gustave has designed the tower in such a way that every worn-out individual part can be replaced without difficulty.Every worn-out individual part can be replaced._e.g.8 How did Murdoch expand his company in Australia? Over the next several years, he bought several newspapers in Aus

20、tralia, including the Daily Mirror, a Sydney newspaper which allowed him to compete with other two major Sydney newspapers.(no more than 8 words)By buying several Australian newspapers._Tip 4: 回答有关how的问题,常用Through/By doing或者一个句子来回答.e.g.9 What is the main idea of the passage? Shanghai Expo helps worl

21、d economyShanghai Expo restores world economyShanghai Expo benefits world economy Tip 5 主旨大意题主要包括main idea型, 即主题题和topic 或title型, 即标题题。通常是一个词或者词组,也可以是一个短句,要求语言精炼，能概括出文章的中心思想, 准确地表达作者的观点。范围适宜, 对读者有吸引力, 能激发读者的阅读兴趣 信息列举题所列信息要完整，形式要对等。关于主旨大意和信息列举题跟踪训练1.What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 10 words)2.In which seas