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1、How to minimize wild elephants suffering while legal enforcement is pending? Experiments in Assam, northeast India Dr Naveen PandeyDeputy Director and Veterinary AdvisorThe Corbett Foundation, INDIA Asia For Animals Symposium, Dalian, 19th October 2019Are there too many elephants?Ref: WTI ReportRef:

2、 WTI ReportCauses of conflictDeclining forest areaHabitat fragmentationPoor food availabilityRice cultivationManifestations of conflictElephant deathsElephant captureIllegal wildlife tradeVariable manifestations249 elephants have died in Assam only since 2008Electrocution (92)Train hit (54)Poaching

3、(20)Injury (15)Accidents (38)Poisoning (30) Welfare is a hidden cost? For Elephants For human beingsStressPainInjuryPsychological morbiditySome working models for HEC mitigation worth mentioningWWF Indias Sonitpur ModelElephant-friendly teaHaathibandhu ModelTCFs community crop guarding modelElephant

4、-friendly tea-modelTenzing BodosaWWF India ModelLocal communities were trained in understanding animal behavior and were shown the big picture of the conflict as understood after research. Trained elephants were employed to assist local communities in pushing elephants back into the forests through

5、synchronized elephant drives. 72 anti depredation squads consisting village youths and over 15 trained elephants operating at strategic locations have brought down the losses due to conflict by a huge margin. The attitude of people towards elephants and their conservation also has shown positive tre

6、nds. Haathibandhu modelGreen Guard OrganisationGreen Guard OrganisationGreen Guard OrganisationThe Corbett Foundation Model(community guarding of crop with changed approach)Study traditional tools of human-elephant conflict mitigation in 22 villages by direct observationMake changes in the existing

7、tools/applications at 120 lookout pointsStudy socio-economic changes by a semi-structured questionnaire for 240 users of randomly selected 40 lookout pointsMedia engagementCommunity engagementTraditional toolssharp appliances and part of a tyre stored in a tongi in a rice field, B) a farmer with loc

8、ally designed tool called Shel, C) Bhota, a handheld tool to light fire/flame, and D) Deeghal da, a tool with bamboo handle and a sharp metallic endLookout point (Tongi)Guarding crops from elephants is a social process wherein many families jointly patrol the fields at night, as seen in this image i

9、n KazirangaSizeOccupancyPlacement of lookout pointsLight and fire sourceRoster duty for guardingCommunicationBigger 10 ft x 12 ftOften 5 family representativesIn relation to others and placed after studying eles movementA powerful torch lightRotation of guarding duty, an off day after every two days

10、Mobile phones, charges by torchlight CharactersTraditionalSmall 6 ft x 4 ft Often a familyIrrespective of others (often in fields centre)Bhuta/tyre burningOften poor, needed most members all nightOften poor, through burning of tyreModifiedFamiliesTotal Land (acres)Potential crop harvest (ton)Potential Crop Value (USD)Actual yield val