单项填空-精讲版课件

1、单项选择题解题技巧高考复习之-单项填空的命题要点连词、代词形容词、副词 介词搭配 惯用短语短语动词情态动词 动词语态句子结构 动词时态非谓语动词 单项填空命题特点考查语法知识 从考查点的分布上看, 与动词有关的题目在单项填空15道题中一般占5-8题, 主要考查动词的时态和语态, 情态动词, 及非谓语动词的用法等. 另外, 在词法方面, 也考查冠词, 介词, 代词, 形容词, 副词的用法; 在句法方面, 考查连词, 反意疑问句, 各种从句以及倒装句, 强调句, 省略句等.考例1Progress so far has been very good. _, we are sure that the

2、project will be complete on time. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides 考例2We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _? (06 全国II) A. do you B. can C. will you D. shall weC C 考例3It was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important. A. that B. when C.

3、since D. asA 二考查词语意义辨析 以近似词义辨析为主, 涉及动词, 形容词, 副词, 名词和介词等意义的辨析. 考例Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had _ his leg. A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck 考例2- If you like I can do some shopping for you. - Thats a very kind _. A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestionAB 4. Do you think the St

4、ars will beat the Bulls? Yes. They have better players, so Ithem to win. A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. wantC3. The films made by Disney _all over the world. Aare used to show Bare used to showing Cused to be shown Dused to show 5. Id like to buy a housemodern ,comfortable ,and _ in a quiet neighbor

5、hood.（2004福建） Ain all Babove all Cafter all Dat allBC 三考查习惯用语和固定搭配 以动词短语的考查为主, 也涉及介词短语等. 考例Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isnt much help when it _ shopping and eating. (天津） A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to 考例2A clean environment can help the cit

6、y bid for the Olympics, which _ will promote its economic development. (山东）A. in nature B. in return C. in turn D. in factD C 二、单项填空的解题指导 高考的选拨性决定了单项填空题不会让所有的人顺利过关，这就必然会通过各种方法来增加干扰信息，往往造成考生失分。要想在分钟内完成15道题且能得到较好的分数，应试者首先必须具备扎实的英语基础知识，然后掌握一定的解题技巧。倘若这两点都能做到，就水到渠成了。 下面介绍几种巧做单选题的方法:一寻找信息点考例1It is said th

7、at dogs will keep you _ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. (08 江西） A. safely B. company C. house D. friend2. Has Sam finished his homework today?I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （NMET 2009 全国II） A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had doneB C_ 3. - I hear Jane has gone to the H

8、oly Island for her holiday. - Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ?（2006 湖南） A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left 4. -Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls? -Yes. They have better players, so I _them to win. A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want_D_C 将高考题进行改变语境信息来进行训练,可以强化学生的语境意识。 1. （原题）

9、 Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （NMET 2007 全国II） （改编） Has Sam finished his homework today? Yes. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had donecA_2. （原题） Shirley _a book about China last year，but I dont know whether she has finished it. （

10、改编） Shirley _a book about China last year, but I dont know whether she has had it published. A. has written B. wrote C . had written D. was writingDB_ _ _ 3. （原题） Robert is said _abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. （改编）Robert is said _abroad, but I dont know what country he is studyi

11、ng in.（改编）Robert is said _abroad, but I dont know what country he will study in. A. to have studied B. to studyCto be studying D.to have been studying ACB_二 、避开插入语干扰 这类题主要是利用插入语，增加句子的复杂 程度，从而达到干扰考生视线的目的。 对策： 去掉插入语He believes in himself，_ ， in my opinion，is of the most importance Athat Bwhich Cwhat D

12、as( ) B2. The writer and professor，whom I often refer to at the meetings，_ famous for those works Ais Bare Cam Dwere 3. He will tell you _ he expects will win such a match Awhy Bwhom Cwhich Dwho AD( ) () 4He often stands against the fence and talks endlessly with my father _ gardening problems Ato B

13、too Cabout Doff 5. Its not necessary for us to have crash diets _will make us lose weight. A.that some companies say they B.that some companies say C. some companies say D. which some companies say that CB( )( ) 6. He seemed_ more anxious than I _from my father. A. much; heard B. a bit; would hear C

14、. even; to hear D.quite; had heard( ) ( ) C7. (2004 天津) Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which8. He turned off the head lamp of the car to keep the light from flashing in through the window of Jacks house an

15、d _ Jack up Awoke B waking Cwake Dto wake ( ) ) DB( 三.简化还原法 题干以省略句，疑问句，被动句，倒装句，强调句或使用从句等形式，避开考生所熟悉的陈述句结构，从而达到加大难度。 将不熟悉的疑问句，倒装句，被动句，强调句等还原为熟悉的陈述句；也可将残缺的部分补出或将多余的部分删除。 解题决窍： 考例1I just wonder _ that makes him so excited. A. why it was B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is(09 山东)D 还原为： I just wond

16、er ( that) it is what that makes him so excited. 2. Who would you rather _with you tomorrow，Tom or Smith? Ahave to go Bhave go Chave gone Dhad go改为： You would rather _ who _ with you tomorrow，Tom or Smith?Bhavego3. It was _ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home Arepair Brepa

17、iring Cto repair Din repair B 还原为：The old man spent the whole morning _ the old clock at home 4. Every minute is made full _ of _our lessons. A. use; study B. useful; to study C. use; to study D. used; studying 还原为：We should make full _ of every minute _our lessonsC 5. To all of you _ the honor for

18、the success Abelongs to Bbelong to Cbelongs Dbelong 分析：倒装句，还原后为：The honor for the success belongs to all of you.c 四利用添加省略信息法考例1_ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (06全国I) A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprisedB As he was surprised and happy, Tony stood up and

19、 accepted the prize.1. What should I do with this passage? _ the main idea of each paragraph. (2007重庆31) A. Finding out B. Found outC. Find out D. To find out补全为: You should _the main idea of C 2.-What made you so happy ? -_. A. Because of my passing the exam. B. I passed the exam. C. Because I pass

20、ed the exam. D. My passing the exam. (made me so happy)D 3. She is looking so forward as much to his return as he himself to _ her. A.have seen B. seeing C. see D. having seen（改） She is looking so forward as much to his return as he himself (is looking forward) to _ her.B 4. -I cant find Mr. Morris.

21、 Where did you meet him yesterday ? -It was in the hotel _ he stayed. A. where B. whichC. that D. the one (that I meet him yesterday)A6666五克服思维定势 所谓定势思维，就是习惯性地遵循某一单一模式进行的思维。利用思维定势的影响来设题，这是最容易让我们上当的题。因为我们背记了许多语法规则，词汇，词的固定搭配和句子结构等，做题时只注意这些熟悉的语法规则，结构和局部固定搭配，往往在没有完全弄清整个题干意思是就作出了选择，结果当然出错。 考例May I smoke

22、here? - If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section. (06 山东)A. should B. could C. may D. mustD 正确理解句意，避免定势思维。在学习过程中，尤其是复习阶段，我们应就一些常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复训练，以加深印象，以避免思维定势的干扰。解题决窍：1. Its worth much _ is worth doing. A. doing it B. to do what C. what to do D. do what _ is worth doing is worth much.( )B 2

23、. Could you tell me the way youve thought of _. A.to do it B. doing it C. do it D. how to do it A ( ) 3. Dont let the child who is _ go to school. A. so young as to B. not old enough to C. too young to D. not old enough ( _)D 4. She told us _ she had done. A. all what B. all which C. all those D. al

24、l of it 5. A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. (2004 天津) A. what B. which C. that D. where She told (us all )what she had done.A(=a place which)A6. In order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours _ in my study. A. locking B. locked C. to lock D. to be locked 7. He made

25、 up his mind to devote his life _ pollution _ happily. to prevent; to live B. to preventing; from livingC. to preventing; to live D. to prevent; living BC 8. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. (2005北京29)A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you comeA 9.Im sorry

26、I cant help _ the floor of the classroom. A. sweeping B. swept C. to sweep D. to sweepingC10. Do you have any idea of the reason _ he referred to？ Athat Bwhere Cwhy Dwhen AA11. What do you think of the plan? I feel _that we ought to give it up at once. A. strongly B. strong C. stronger D. it strongA

27、10. Madame Curie，for _ life had once been very hard， was successful later Awhom Bwhich Cwhose Dthat12. Alice. you feed the bird today, ? But I fed it yesterday. (全国卷) A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you13. -You havent been to Beijing, have you? -_.How I wish to go there! A. Yes, I have B.

28、 Yes, I havent C. No, I have D. No, I haventBD六 、克服标点符号干扰 标点符号在英语句式中的配合作用是不容忽视的，从英语的句型结构这一角度来看，它甚至是起着决定性的作用它决定着句子的单复形式，决定着选词造句等其他诸多问题。 对策：掌握英语中逗号的作用、常见句子结构及并列连词考例 My cousin came to see me from the country, _ me a full basket of fresh fruits. (06安徽) A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had broughtB

29、1. Tom，_ sure to come tomorrow A is Bbe Cwas D would be 2.All the money_, John had to start looking for a job. A.was spent B. had cost C. having been spent D. having spent BC 3 _，I had to walk home A. There was no bus B. There being no bus C. There were no buses D. There was not a bus B4The woman st

30、ood here，her sharp eyes_ on my face Afix Bfixed Cwere fixed Dfixing 5. The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president Ato prepare Bpreparing Cprepared Dwas preparing BB 6. （原题） The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80%_ are sold abroad. (2008 辽宁)

31、 （改编） The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year ; 80%_ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of thatAC七分析句子成分和结构考例_ automatically the e-mail will be received by all the club members.（06上海） A. Mailed out B. Mailing out C. To be mailed out D. Having mailed outA 1.T

32、hey insisted that the cruel woman _ thrown into prison. A. refers to B. referred to be C. referred to beingD. refers to be 2. Here is so big a stone _ no one can move Athat Bwhich Cas Das toThey insisted that the cruel woman (referred to ) (should)be thrown into prison.BCCf: Here is so big a stone _

33、 no one can move it.A八.克服汉英差异 英汉在表达习惯，思维方式等方面具有很多不同，命题者常利用汉英差异出题。如汉语的“参加”在许多情况下都适用，如参加会议，参加考试，参加解放军等，而在英语中则因不同的宾语用不同的动词，如: take part in the celebration, attend a meeting, join the army, take an exam, join in a discussion 例如： 留心英汉表达差异 ,平时要多读多比较多归纳，尽量避免Chinglish。解题决窍：1. Its getting late. Im afraid I m

34、ust be going now.- OK. _ .（2008全国卷） Take it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. See youD3. There was once a cruel king _in the castle. A. lived B. who lives C. was living D. livingBD2. The population of China is _than that of Russia. A. much more B. much larger C. many more D. many larger4.-How are

35、you getting on with your cleaning? Do you need my help? -_, but I think Im all right. (07安徽) A.No, thanks B. Thats OK C. You are helpful D. Thats very kind of youD 1.The car is already full, so there is no _ for the computer. A. room B. place C. space D. area2.Li Lin came _ in the Englishspeaking co

36、ntest. A. the second B. second C. a second D. seconds 3.We made Tom _ monitor of our class and _ monitor of Class 3 is Mike. A. /; a B. the; the C. the; a D. /; the4.Lucy, as well as her friends, _ this book before. have read B. has read C. reads D. read5.Each boy and each girl_reading attentively i

37、n the reading room. A. is found B. are found C. is found to D. are found to6. -Look, this pen is nice and it writes well. -OK, I want to buy _. A. it B. that C. one D. the one 8.This is so difficult a question _ almost no one can answer. A. which B. that C. as D. but 9.Dont be afraid to ask for help

38、 _ it is needed. A. but B. though C. since D. when 10. With the man _ us, we finished the work on time. A.helping B. to help C. help D. helped 11. In their opinion, this film is _ one than the other two. A.the best B. the better C. a best D. a better Warm tips: While you are doing Multiple choice in

39、 an English exam, technique is of NO use unless it is combined with a good knowledge and understanding of the English language . 1 推敲体会为主 近几年的高考单项选择题，命题专家精心设计题干，设置选项，是试题测试信度高、区分度好、难度适当的高质量试题。在复习中应对照答案认真推敲，仔细揣摩命题意图、思路，分析语境氛围的各种因素，力求语境氛围有全面清晰通彻的理解，真正领悟出正确答案的真谛所在。常言说“磨刀不误砍柴工”，这有助于提高答题准确率。2 运用实践为主 根据新教材

40、的特点和优势，尽可能在听、说、读、写的技能上多实践以丰富语言经验和语言意识，同时也应该尽可能地充分的利用音、形、图等视听媒介，以强化语言实践的效果。提高语境选择题解题质量的思考3 提高-精练为主 单项选择题的语境设计更贴近生活，更注重语言的适用性。因此高考复习应以夯实基础、提高语用能力为前提，不应当将宝贵的时间和精力耗费在浩瀚的题海中。因而，应避免大战题海，必须选择质量好的语境题来精练，达到掌握知识、理解知识和运用知识，提高能力之目的，举一反三进行解题的有序操作，以求收到事半功倍的效果。典型“陷阱题”单项填空系列训练- 同学们在平时做题的过程中常常有这样的现象：有些题目看起来似曾相识，他们从原

41、有的知识经验出发，机械地套用老方法，按某种固定的思路去思考问题，轻而易举地得出 “正确答案”，结果往往发现自己错了。误入了命题者所设置的“陷阱”中。 所谓的“陷阱”，实质上就是对正确选项真正起到了干扰作用的那些干扰项.下面是精选和编拟的25道 “陷阱”题，大家先做做看，看能否排除干扰、避开“陷阱”。1. Mary couldnt make herself _ attention to because her classmates made so much noise. A. paid B. to pay C. pay D. paying2. Was it through Mary , _ wa

42、s working at a high school , _ you get to know Tom ? A. who, who B. that, which C. who, that D. who, which3. Every minute is made full use of _ our lessons. A. studying B. to study C. study D. being studiedACB4. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C

43、. something D. nothing5. Would you like _ , sir? No, thanks. I have had much. Asome more oranges Bany more oranges Csome more orange Dany more orange CA6. He suggested the person referred _ put into prison. A. to B. to being C. to be D. should be7 . Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle

44、 animal which can run very fast. _. A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does 8. “Is there _ here?” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.” A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobodyCAB9. “I think the teacher is wrong, _?” “No, I dont think so.”dont you B. dont I C. doesnt he D. doesnt

45、she 10. Dont you know _, my dear friend, it is you that she loves? A. who B. which C. that D. whatAc11. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 12. If the weather is fine, well go. If _, _. A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no,

46、 not13. - Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day ? - _ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be gettingBAC14. Shes too thin. She _ gain some weight but she _ too little.A. would, ate B. will, eats C. would, eats D. will, ate15. What should

47、 I do with this passage? _ the main idea of each paragraph. A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out CC16. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A. clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned17. The prize of the game show is 30,000 and an all expenses _ vacation t

48、o China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 18. Im examining the composition he has just finished _ the possible mistakes in it. A. correcting B. to correct C. corrected D. correctABB19. He _ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A. has learned B.

49、would have learned C. learned D. had learned 20. The judge paid no attention to _ he had just lost his wife. A. that B. which C. what D. the fact that DD21. _ a broken chair , the room is empty A. Except B. Except for C. Except that D. Besides22. Dear me! Just _ at the time! I _ no idea it was so la

50、te. A. look/have B. looking/had C. look/had D. looking/have23. The wonderful time they had been looking forward _ at last. A. to arrive B. to arrived C. to arriving D. should arriveBAB24. - What do you think made Mary so upset ? - _ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of los

51、ing.25. He wrote a lot of novels, none of _ translated into a foreign language.A. them B. which C . it D. whatCB25. He wrote a lot of novels, none of _ translated into a foreign language.A. them B. which C . it D. what 答案解析：同学们容易误选B，理由是none前没有并列连词 and 或 but，但B项是一个陷阱。此题的最佳答案应是A，注意此句不是并列句也不是含有非限制性定语从句

52、的复合句。逗号后面其实是一个独立结构。translated 不是谓语，而是一个非谓语动词（过去分词），所以假若在 translated 前加一个助动词 was，则此题应选(which)，构成一个非限制性定语从句。所以做这类题要特别小心，千万不要想当然，更不要受思维定势的影响。 1-10：ACBAC CABAC11-20: BACCC ABBDD21-25: BCBCAKeys:答案与讲解1. Mary couldnt make herself _ attention to because her classmates made so much noise. A. paid B. to pay

53、C. pay D. paying2. Was it through Mary , _ was working at a high school , _ you get to know Tom ? A. who, who B. that, which C. who, that D. who, which答案解析：此题容易误选C, 其实此题应选A。 pay attention to 是动词短语，起及物动词的作用，在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语herself构成被动关系。答案解析： 此题应选C, 但是许多学生刚好首先排除了C项，他们认为:（1)非限制性定语从句不用关系代词that引导;（2) 强调句型I

54、t be + 被强调部分 + that (who)中，who (that)前不能有逗号。 上述两点是对的，在此句中Was itthat也的确是强调句型，但句中的两个逗号不在强调句型中，它的作用是把非限制性定语从句who was working at a high school与句子其它部分分隔开来。整句话的汉语意思是：玛丽在一所中学工作，你是不是通过她认识汤姆的？ 3. Every minute is made full use of _ our lessons. A. studying B. to study C. study D. being studied4. I agree with

55、most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing答案解析：此题容易误选A, 认为动名词作介词的宾语。其实此题应选B，此句是被动句，转换成主动句就成为 we make full use of every minute to study our lessons.。是不定式作目的状语。答案解析：此题容易误选B，生搬硬套不定代词用法规则：something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句或疑问句。其实此题应选A，注意前文的I agree with mo

56、st of what you said(我同意你说的大部分内容)，其后的not与everything构成部分否定，意为“不是所有的都同意”，前后两部分用转折连词but连接，语气通顺、连贯。 5. Would you like _ , sir? No, thanks. I have had much. Asome more oranges Bany more oranges Csome more orange Dany more orange 6.He suggested the person referred _ put into prison. A. to B. to being C. to

57、 be D. should be答案解析：选C。当用委婉的语气希望得到对方肯定回答的时候，疑问句中的some不能变成any。从答语中的much可判断出前面的名词应该是不可数的。此句话的汉语意思是：-先生，还要点橙汁吗？-不了，谢谢，我已喝了很多了。答案解析：此题应选C. referred to 过去分词作定语，be put into prison是宾语从句的谓语部分。学生由于粗心，容易误选B或者D。7.Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. _. ASo it is B

58、So is it CSo does it DSo it does 8.“Is there _ here?” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.”A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobody答案解析：此题容易误选B, 平时同学们经常练习和so有关的倒装句：so放在句首，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为：so +助动词+主语 。因此在未完全理解题意时，就主观地选择了B。其实最佳答案为A。本题考查so+主语助动词结构，用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为是的、对或确实如此。此句话的汉语意思是：

59、 哎， 我真地认为这兔子是一只漂亮温顺的动物，跑得很快。 确实如此。答案解析：此题容易误选A，认为这是一般疑问句，要用anybody。其实此题应选B，主要与上下文的语境有关。全文语境为：“大家都到齐了吗？”“没有，Bob和Tim两人请假了。”9.“I think the teacher is wrong, _?” “No, I dont think so.”A. dont you B. dont I C. doesnt he D. doesnt she 10.Dont you know _, my dear friend, it is you that she loves?A. who B.

60、which C. that D. what答案解析：此题容易误选C或D，因为按语法规则，I think后接宾语从句时，其反意疑问句与从句保持一致，但是退一步，即使按此规则，其反意疑问句也应是isnt he或isnt she之类的，而不是像C或D那样用doesnt he和doesnt she。综合四个选项，最佳答案为A，dont you为dont you think so之省略。 答案解析：此题容易误选A或B，选A者认为这是指人的，故用who；选B者认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)，其实此题应选C，that引导的是一个宾语从句（用做动词know的宾语），它只