大学体验英语3第四单元

1、Cloning and EthicsUnit Four Teaching ObjectivesUnderstand some information about cloningGrasp the structure and main idea of the passage2Master the key language points and useful sentence structures3124Practice the translating skill: Conversion ProcedureBackground informationWarm-up QuestionsStructu

2、re AnalysisLanguage PointsDifficult SentencesSummaryCloningDo you know what Cloning is?Cloningis the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals.ProcessAchievements of Cloning July 5, 1996, the worlds first head of Cloned sheep Dolly was born. It was a sheep generat

3、ed by an adult sheeps somatic cell. In 1997, the Hawaii scientists replicated the first small cloned mice from adult mouse cells , named Cumulina.In July 1998, the worlds first cattle is replicated from a somatic cell in Japan.And then they produced cloned beef and milk.In 1998, the American cloned

4、goats Mira and her sisters product goats milk containing human antithrombin lll(人类抗凝血酶-3).In 2000, scientists cloned a mouflon（欧洲盘羊） . This is the worlds first time that cloning technology applied on a kind of endangered animal.In January 2000, in the Oregon（俄勒冈州 ）area, the worlds first successful c

5、loning of primates（灵长目动物） genetically closest animals to humanwas born. Scientists hope to learn more about human diseases such as diabetes through this experimental animals.April 11, 2001, British PPLTherapeutics company announced the first five transgenic cloned pigs were born.They can provide org

6、ans for humans.There are many other animals had ben cloned.Bison （野牛）rabbit catBig Rat mule horse deerdogFerret（雪貂） wolf buffalocamel And what about human clones?Since Dolly was born,a world with human clones was suddenly within reach.THREE QUESTIONS1.Just imagine. 30 years later, ones beloved mom o

7、r dad is dying of a serious cancer. If cloned, he/she will be saved. Clone or not?2.Imagine again. If one day, an essential scientist like Einstein or Newton pass away when he is still very young.Clone or not?3.Once pregnant, it means a new life is coming to us. But being a clone, this new life will

8、 be destroyed in order to cure another person with his organs.Clone or not?Moral principalsReproductive cloning生殖性克隆Break the normal structure of society and family.The cloning humans could be treated unfairly.The cloning humans could be employed to do something illegal. Therapeutic cloning治疗性克隆The

9、value of the patients and the embryo.Whether the embryo has life. OpinionsWe should keep on researching in cloning. Meanwhile, we ought to respect the lives and the moral principals, as the science is the help rather than hell of the human being. Warm-up QuestionsWho is Dr Miracle and why is he call

10、ed “Dr Miracle”?How do you understand the authors statement thatDr. Miracle and his colleague are taking one hell of a rosk?What kind of people are in favor of carrying on with the cloning science? Structure AnalysisNot now, Dr. MiracleFacts about Antinori: his idea and the stir his work has caused.

11、 The authors argumentation in a systematical and logical way.Para.1-4Para.5-endPara. 1-4(presented objectively)his science/workhelp childless couples use every means, including cloning his patients(of course) a stir scientists round on him (yet) like-minded scientists join himno ordinary scientist s

12、howman thrive on controversy dangerousP.3P.4P.1-2(However) there IS some significance of reproductive cloning to help childless couples.P.5P.6-7P.8-9P.10-11(But) the science is not ready for 2 reasons.The author explores/probes ways to keep the cloners at bay. The author warns of catastrophic result

13、s from hasty cloning of human being writing purpose (Cloning techniques are far from perfect. Dr Miracle is too ready to make an attempt at human cloning).high failure rate(97%)high price (miscarriage)ExamplesThe Great Wall is a miracle of architecture.A car ran over the child, but by a miracle, he

14、was unhurt.miracle n. an unusual and mysterious event that cannot be explained by the laws of nature Language Pointsstring n. 1)a series of related or similar events2)(a) narrow cord used to tie, fasten, etc.ExamplesThe curious boy asked a string of questions.The red peppers were all threaded on str

15、ings and hung over the door of the house.Yet the Vatican is no fan of his scienceYet the Roman Catholic Church opposes his practice.ExamplesThe boy seems to have an opinion on every subject under the sun.You cannot detect all the sins under the sun.under the sun (used for giving force to an expressi

16、on) on the earth; in the world Translate她是我在那里最最没有预料会见到的人。KeyShe is the last person under the sun I expected to see there.stir n. (public) excitementExamplesThe coming of the queen caused a great stir in the city.The news caused a stir of interest on the Stock Exchange. round on criticize fiercely E

17、xamplesHe says that he will stand by his men and he has rounded on his critics. 他说他会支持自己的部下，并且已经严厉谴责了他的批评者们。line up to (cause to) move into a row, side by side or one behind the other ExamplesThe photographer lined up the family members for a picture.People were lining up there to get a sample of th

18、e new product.thrive on grow or develop well; prosperExamplesNowadays, most children thrive on a good environment.现在，大部分孩子都能在好的环境中茁壮成长。controversyn. (a) fierce argument or disagreement about something, esp. one that is carried on in publicExamplesThe first cloned sheep gives rise to much controversy

19、.Its beyond controversy that the computers cant really think.TranslateThe lie detector tests have been the subject of much controversy.Key测谎试验一直是人颇有争议的题目。controversyn. (a) fierce argument or disagreement about something, esp. one that is carried on in publiccontroversiala. causing much argument or d

20、isagreement ExampleThis is a controversial book.Many people have a hard job seeing the point of reproductive cloning.Translate很多人还难以理解利用克隆进行生育的意义。 representv. to act or speak officially for (another person or group of people)ExamplesThe stars in the flag of the United States represent the States.Wom

21、en were poorly represented in the new government.Fill in the blankA person who has been chosen to act in place of one or more others is called _.representv. to act or speak officially for (another person or group of people)representativetreatmentn. 1)medical attention; cure2)behavior towards somebod

22、yExamplesNo effective treatment can cure AIDS so far.Five years on from Dolly, the science of cloning is still stuck in the dark ages.Translate克隆羊多利出生五年了，克隆技术却一直见不到曙光。 deformv. to spoil the form or appearance ofExamplesIf the shoes are too tight, they will deform your feet.Sitting incorrectly for lo

23、ng periods of time can deform your spine；（脊柱；脊椎） Can you translate the following words into Chinese?formreformtransformv. 形成；组成v. 形状；形式n. v. 改革n. v. 转换go through (4)experience (especially an unpleasant or difficult one)经历，经受（尤指苦难或艰难时期）ExampleHe was going through a very difficult time.go through sort

24、 sth. into groups翻阅；翻找；整理ExampleIt was evident that someone had gone through my possessions.显然有人翻过我的物品。go through read or check sth. from beginning to end通读；彻查ExampleGoing through his list of customers is a massive job.查阅他的客户名单是个相当费劲的活儿。go through If a law, agreement, or official decision goes throu

25、gh, it is approved by a parliament or committee.（法律、协议等）被通过；（决定）被批准ExampleThe bill might have gone through if the economy was growing.要是当时经济在增长的话，该法案或许也就获得通过了。keep at bay to prevent from coming nearExampleIm trying to keep my creditors at bay.implantv. to put something into a living body in a medica

26、l operation ExamplesIt can help a lot for the patients with heart disease to implant a pacemaker（起搏器） .An animal organ was implanted into the patients body.illegala. prohibited by lawExamplesSome illegal immigrants risk their lives to get into developed countries.Its illegal for teenagers to drink i

27、n pubs.Can you find a word with the prefix “il-”?Referencesilliterateillogicalprohibitv. to forbid, to issue a law against somethingExamplesSmoking is strictly prohibited in public buildings.Children under 18 are prohibited from buying cigarettes.ExamplesDo you think this new law will stamp out the

28、illegal drugs trade?This country is making great efforts to stamp out terrorism. stamp out to put an end to (usu. something bad) completelysooner or later at some time certainly; one day whether soon or (much) later Translate你如果作弊，迟早总会被发现的。KeyIf you cheat, youll be found out sooner or later.go for t

29、o like or be attracted byExamplesThe young tend to go for adventures while the elderly prefer security.Translate你喜欢现代音乐吗？KeyDo you go for modern music?go for to like or be attracted byExampleAll my hard work went for nothing.go for nothing to be wasted; have no resultgo for to like or be attracted b

30、yExampleSeveral people went in for the race.go for nothing to be wasted; have no resultgo in for to take part in; enterembrace v. to accept (an idea); make use ofExamplesNowadays more and more Westerners embrace oriental culture.The child is encouraged to embrace every opportunity.solea. being the o

31、nly one; onlyExamplesHe is the sole owner of the basketball club.The sole survivor of the accident was found in the water six hours later.jump the gun to take action too soon or before the proper timeExamplesI know hes a suspect, but isnt it jumping the gun a bit to arrest him immediately?They jumpe

32、d the gun by rushing out of the classroom before permission had been given.instinctn.(a) natural ability or tendency to act in a certain way, without having to learn or think about itExamplesBirds learn to fly by instinct.Crying is an instinct in humans.Difficult Sentences1. Yet the Vatican is no fa

33、n of his science. Yet the Roman Catholic Church opposes his practice. Difficult Sentences2. Many people have a hard job seeing the point of reproductive cloning. Many people have difficulty in understanding the significance of reproductive cloning.Difficult Sentences3.Five years on from Dolly, the science of cloning is still stuck in the dark ages. Five years after Dolly was born, there is still no br