高一英语语法时态讲解及强化复习攻略

1、高一英语语法时态讲解一、现在实行时1.表示现在(说话瞬间)正在实行或发生的动作。例句Heisreadinganewspapernow.动作不一定正在实行)。例句Whatareyoudoingthesedays?3.表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等,常与always,constantly,continually等副词连用。例句Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.4.表示在最近按计划或安排要实行的动作。常限于go,come,leave,start,arrive等表“移动”、“方向”的词。例句Heiscomingtoseemenextweek.二、过去实行时1.表示过去某

2、时正在实行的动作。例句HewassleepingwhenMarycametoseehim.2.动词go,come,leave,arrive,start等的过去实行时常表过去将来时。例句ShesaidshewasgoingtoBeijingthedayaftertomorrow.三、一般现在时1.表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存有的状态,常与usually,always,sometimes,often,everyday/week/month/year等时间状语连用。例句Heoftendoeshishomeworkinhisstudy.2.表示主语现在的特征、性格和状态。例句Thedictio

3、narybelongstome.3.表示客观规律或科学真理、格言,以及其他不受时间限制的客观存有。例句Themoongoesaroundthesun.4.在有连词if,unless,before,assoonas,when,once,however等引导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。例句Ifyouworkhard,youwontfailintheexam.四、一般将来时1.表示将来发生的动作或存有的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。例句Idontknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture.2.常用来表示将来时的结构包括：(1)shall/will+动词原形：

4、(单纯)表将来,一般不用于条件句。(2)begoingto+动词原形：(计划)打算做。(3)beaboutto+动词原形：即将或正要去做某事,通常不与时间状语连用,但可与when引导的从句连用。(4)beto+动词原形：预定要做。(5)bedoing表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作,常与go,start,setout,leave,reach,arrive,return,come,move等表位移的动词连用。五、一般过去时1.表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存有的状态。例句Shewenttothezooyesterday.2.在时间、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。例句Hesaidwhenshecame

5、hewouldtellher.六、现在完成时1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例句Haveyouhadyoursupperyet?Yes,Ihavejusthadit.2.常与介词for,during,in,within,over等引导的时间状语连用,表示过去的某一行为一直延续到现在。例句IhaventseenmyEnglishteacherforalongtime.3.表示反复或习惯性的动作,常与severaltimes,once,twice,frequently等频度副词连用。例句IhavebeentotheUSAseveraltimes.4.表示从过去到现在没有

6、发生过的动作。例句Ihaventsweptthefloorforaweek.5.用在时间、条件状语从句中,表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。例句Illtellhimafteryouhaveleft.6.在“级+名词”或在“这是第几次”之后跟定语从句，从句用现在完成时。例句ThisisthethirdtimeIhavebeenthere.ThisisthebestteaIhaveeverdrunk.七、过去完成时1.表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这个时刻、或是在此刻前已经完成的动作。例句Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearned1,000Englishwords.2.

7、有些动词(如：hope,think,expect,mean,intend,suppose,want等)的过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图。例句IhadhopedtoseemoreofBeijing.高一英语语法时态注意事项动词时态应注意的几点1.瞬间性动词的一般现在时和现在实行时常用来表示将来的动作。例句：Thefilmbeginsinaminute.Myuncleisleavingtomorrowmorning.2.在时间、条件、让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例句：EverytimeIlistentothatsong,Illthinkofmyoldfriend.

8、Ifyoudothat,Ishallbeverypleased.Theyllstandbyyouevenifyoudontsucceed.3.一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：一般过去时和现在完成时都表示过去所发生的动作，但现在完成时强调这个动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、结果等，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系,因而它能够和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Yes,Ihave.Whendidyoufinishit?Ifinisheditlastsummer.直接引语与间接引语转换时应注意的几个问题：

9、1.人称的变化2.时态的变化3.时间状语的变化4.地点状语的变化例句：XiaoYisaid,“Iwanttogototheparkthisafternoon.”XiaoYisaid(that)hewantedtogototheparkthatafternoon.Bobsaid,“Wellhaveameetingheretomorrowmorning.”Bobsaid(that)theywouldhaveameetingtherethenextmorning.定语从句中关系代词只能用that和不能用that的几种情况：只能用that的情况1.先行词是不定代词。例句：Pleasetellmeeve

10、rythingthathappenedtoyou.2.先行词被形容词级、序数词或only,last,same,very等修饰。例句：ThisisthemostinterestingmoviethatIhaveeverseen.ThisistheonlybookthatIreadduringthesummerholiday.3.先行词既包括人又包括物。例句：Shetalkedaboutthewriterandhisworksthatinterestedher.不能用that的情况1.非限制性定语从句中。例句：Hesaidhecouldspeakthreeforeignlanguages,whic

11、hisnottrue.2.先行词本身是that。例句：Ihavethatwhichyougaveme.3.“介词+关系代词”结构。例句：ThepersontowhomItalkedjustnowisTom.现在完成实行时与现在完成时实行的比较：1.强调动作还未结束时,多用现在完成实行时;强调动作的结果时,多用现在完成时。例句：Ihavebeenpaintingthepaining.(强调“一直在画”这个动作)Ihavepaintedthepainting.(强调“画完了”这个结果)2.有些动词不能用在现在完成实行时中，但可用在现在完成时中。如：have,love,see等。例句：Shehash

12、adacoldforaweek.Theyhavelovedeachotherforthreeyears.Ihaveseenthismovie.-ing形式：1.havingdonehavingdone是非谓语动词中-ing形式的完成式,而doing则是其一般式,它们都与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,仅仅doing与句中谓语动词同时发生或基本上同时发生;havingdone则表示动作或状态发生在句中谓语动词之前。例句Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.(hear和getexcited这两个动作几乎同时发生)Havingarrivedatthetopofmountain,t

13、heytookarest.(arrive发生在takearest之前)2.动词后接动词的-ing形式和不定式有些动词后既可接动词的-ing形式也可接todo形式作宾语，但意义有所不同。例如forget/remember/regretdoingsth.表示动作已经发生;forget/remember/regrettodosth.则表示该动作未发生。meantodosth.表示“打算做某事”;meandoingsth.表示“意味着做某事”。trytodosth.表示“设法尽力做某事”;trydoingsth.表示“试着做某事”。stoptodosth.表示“停下来接着做另一件事”;stopdoin

14、gsth.表示“停止做某事”。goontodosth.表示“(做完某事)接着做另一件事”;goondoingsth.表示“继续做同一件事”(=goonwithsth.)。canthelptodosth.表示“不能协助做某事”;canthelpdoingsth.表示“情不自禁地做某事”。3.have/hasbeendoinghave/hasbeendoing是现在完成实行时的构成，强调动作的延续过程，动作可能还在实行。而have/hasdone是现在完成时的构成，强调动作的结果，该动作通常已经结束。例句Ihavewrittenabook.(动作结束)Ihavebeenwritingabook.(

15、可能未写完，侧重最近一直忙于写书)高一英语语法复习试题一、单项填空1.TheheadmastercalledTomtohisofficebecausehehadbeenintheexam.A.caughtcheatingB.caughttocheatC.catchingcheatingD.catchingtocheat2.Thetimeheforthetripisnotsuitableanyofus.A.made;toB.fixed;forC.gave;withD.fixed;to3.Whatdoyouthinkofwhathedidinclass?Whyhediditwasmyimagina

16、tion.A.beyondB.throughC.aboveD.over4.Mywatchisnowheretobefound.IitwhenIwasonthebus.A.mustdropB.canthavedroppedC.havedroppedD.musthavedropped5.MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Williamsatfiveoclocktonight?Imsorry.Mr.Williamstoapartylongbeforethen.A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.shouldhavegoneD.hasgone26.Fortypercent

17、ofthepopulationoftheU.Sblack.A.isB.areC.amD.have7.theparty,wewouldneverhavetodayshappiness.A.ButforB.OnlyifC.IfonlyD.If8.Dontleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithinoflittlechildren.A.handB.reachC.spaceD.distance9.Heaccidentallyhehadquarreledwithhiswifeandthathehadntbeenhomeforacoupleofweeks.A.letou

18、tB.tookcareC.madesureD.madeout10.Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?,Ilovegettingclosetonature.A.IcouldntagreemoreB.ImafraidnotC.IbelievenotD.Idontthinkso11.Onnewstoday,therewerereportsofheavysnowinthatarea.A.the;theB.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;the12.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdiedhisworksunfinished.A.forB.withC.fr

19、omD.of13.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.Itstimeforustoourstudies.A.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover14.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,.A.doctorscametotheirrescuerB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasureswastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists15.Theflowerssweetinthegardenattractthevisitor

20、stothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.smell二、完型填空Nomancanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.Butifwe1correctlythesignsarounduswecan2whatthemorechangesintheweatherwillbe.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikethefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.Formanycenturiesandinallc

21、ountriespeoplehave3theweatherandtriedto4weatherforecasting.Sometimes5objectssuchashillsandtalltreesseemtobeveryclearandnear.Thisisa6ofmuchwatervaporinthe7andthereforerainwillprobablycome.Ringsroundthesunareasignofcomingrain.Manypeoplefeelintheir8thecomingofwetweather.Theirjoints(骨头节)ache.Somebirdsfl

22、y9asfineweatheriscomingbuttheyflynearthegroundif10orstormyweatheris11theway.Itisprobablybecauseoftheinsectswhichtheyarehunting12theyfly12.Ifyouseearainbowduringrainyweather,thisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfine.Such14alwayscomeintheevening.Ifthestars15clearlyatnight,thenfairweatherwill16.I

23、fafogappearsinthemorningjustaboutsunrise,thenthedaywillbewarm.Instead,ifafogappearsintheeveningthenextdaywillbringwet17.Ifthesunsetismostlyredin18thenthefollowingdaywillbefine.Ifarainbowappearsinthemorning,rainyweatherwillprobablycome.Mostofthe19sayingshavebeenmadebypeoplewhohaveusedtheir20,andbrain

24、stomakeweatherforecasting.1.A.seeB.lookC.readD.take2.A.tellB.speakC.talkD.point3.A.studiedB.learnedC.searchedD.researched4.A.doB.makeC.carryD.send5.A.smallB.awayC.nearD.distant6.A.sightB.signC.markD.shape7.A.airB.skyC.heavenD.earth8.A.legsB.armsC.skinsD.bones9.A.highB.lowC.nearD.far10.A.wetB.dryC.ra

25、inyD.sunny11.A.byB.inC.forD.on12.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when13.A.highB.lowC.fastD.slow14.A.asB.rainbowsC.weatherD.day15.A.twinkleB.appearC.brightD.seem16.A.beginB.stopC.continueD.be17.A.dayB.weatherC.hourD.time18.A.edgeB.surfaceC.centerD.color19.A.aboveB.belowC.importantD.interesting20.A.bodiesB.hand

26、sC.eyesD.legs三、阅读理解(A)Therearethreebranchesofmedicine.Oneiscalled“doctormedicine”,or“scientificmedicine”.Scientificdoctorstrytoobservesicknesses,lookforlogicalpatterns,andthenfindouthowthehumanbodyworks.Fromtheretheyfigureoutwhattreatmentsmaywork.Thiskindofmedicineisbelievedtodatefromthe4thcenturyBC

27、.Althoughnowadaysitissuccessful,intheancientworldthisapproachprobablydidnotcuremanypatients.Asecondkindofmedicineiscalled“naturalcures,”of“folkmedicine,”inwhichlesseducatedpeopletrytocuresicknesseswithvariousherbs.Thesefolkhealersalsouseobservationandlogic,buttheyarenotsoawareofit.Theytrythingsuntil

28、theyfindsomethingthatseemstowork,andthentheykeepingdoingthat.Folkmedicineflourishedlongbeforethedevelopmentofscientificmedicineandwasmoresuccessfulinancienttimesthandoctormedicine.Thethirdkindiscalled“healthsaps,”or“faithhealing.”Sometimesthismaybeassimpleastouchingtheholymanandbeingimmediatelyheale

29、d.Othertimes,amagicianmaymakeyouamagiccharm,orsayaspell,tocureyou.Somereligiousgroupsorganizespecialhealingshrinesforthesick.Intheseplacespeoplerest,getplentyofsleep,eathealthyfood,drinkwaterinsteadofwine,andexerciseinvariousways.Theyalsotalktothepriestsandpraytothegods.Ifyouarefeelingdepressedoryou

30、havebeenworkingtoohard,goingtotheseplacesmaybejusttherightthingtomakeyoufeelbetter.1.Theauthorsprimarypurposeinthistextisto_.A.comparetheeducationalbackgroundofthreedifferenttypesofpatientsB.arguefortheimportanceofmedicineinhealthcareC.describedifferenttypesofmedicineD.showthecrucialrolereligionplay

31、sinmedicaltreatment2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Naturalcuresworkedbetterthanscientificmedicineinancienttimes.B.Peoplewhopracticefolkmedicineneedlotsofformaleducationonherbs.C.Folkhealerschoosedifferentherbstocurediseaseswithoutanysoundbasis.D.Thesuccessoffolkmedicineled

32、tothedevelopmentofdoctormedicine.3.Doctormedicine.A.hasbeenpracticedforaround1,600yearsB.hasalongerhistorythanfolkmedicineC.wasverysuccessfulincuringsicknessinancienttimesD.basesitstreatmentsonobservationandlogic4.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisnotusedinhealthsaps?A.Magicpower.B.Variousherb

33、s.C.Ahealthylifestyle.D.Religiousfaith.(B)Netlibraryisalibrarythatlendsoutdigitalbooks.Ittreatsadigitalbooklikeapaperbackcopy.Itchargeslibrariesperbookpercopyandgivespublishersacutofthetotalincome.Fromtheconsumerspointofview,thismeansthatifmorethanfivepeoplewantthelatestDaniellesSteelromancenovel,ot

34、herpeoplewhorequestthatbookwillgetamessagesayingthetitleisunavailable.Itsamodelmanypublishersseemtohaveembraced.Morethan350gavethecompanyrightstohandouttheirdigitalworks,andMcGrawHillCorporationandHoughtonMifflinCorporationhaveoutmoneyinthecompany.TheCaliforniapubliclibrariesandabout1,800othersacros

35、stheUSaretryingouttheNetLibraryservices.SomelibrarianscriticizetheNewLibrarymodel.StanfordUniversitylibrarianMichaelKellerarguesthatthecompanyiscreatinganunnaturalfearofdigitalworks,whichiscontrarytotheideasoftheInternet.Kellerandsomeotherlibrariansargueforthee-bookvisionsetforthbyEbrary.Ebraryisstartingaservicethatletsususersreadbooksforfree.Butitwillchargeabout25centsapa