初中英语句子成分和句子结构讲解及练习

1、初中英语句子成分和句子结构讲解及练习主语(subject）:句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast。（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory。（数词）Seeingisbelieving。（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.(不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真切主语）谓语（predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特色.WestudyEngl

2、ish.Heisasleep。表语（predicative）:系动词以后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特色。Heisateacher。(名词）Seventyfour!Youdontlookit.（代词）Fiveandfiveisten。（数词）Heisasleep.（形容词）Hisfatherisin。（副词）Thepictureisonthewall.（介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容词化的分词）Towearafloweristosay“Impoor,Icantbuy（a不ring定.式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome。

3、（表语从句）（常有的系动词有：be,sound(听起来），look（看起来），feel（摸起来，smell(闻起来）,taste（尝、吃起来），remain(保持,还是），feel（感觉）。Itsoundsagoodidea。Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin。Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood。Thedoorremainsopen。NowIfeeltired.宾语：1）动作的承受者-动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou。（代词）Howmanydoyoune

4、ed?Weneedtwo。（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(动名词)Ihopetoseeyouagain。（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake？Underthesnow，therearemanyrocks.3）双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney。宾补：对宾语的增补，全称为宾语补足语.Weelectedhimmon

5、itor。（名词）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidne（名here）1一、主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物.Thesunrisesintheeast。（名词）Helikesdancing。(代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory。（数词）Seeingisbelieving.(动名词）Toseeistobelieve。（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook。（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree。(It形式主语，主语从句是真切主语）二、谓语(pred

6、icate）:说明主语的动作、状态和特色。WestudyEnglish。Heisasleep.三、表语（predicative):系动词以后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特色.Heisateacher.（名词）Seventy-four！Youdontlookit.(代词）Fiveandfiveisten.(数词）Heisasleep。（形容词）Hisfatherisin.（副词）Thepictureisonthewall。（介词短语）Mywatchisgone/missing/lost。（形容词化的分词）Towearafloweristosay“Impoor,Ican。”tbuy（a不ring

7、定式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome。（表语从句)常有的系动词有:be,sound（听起来），look（看起来），feel（摸起来）,smell（闻起来)，taste（尝、吃起来），remain(保持，还是），feel（感觉）.Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange。Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin。Thefoodsmellsdelicious。Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired。三、宾语：1）动作的承受者-动宾IlikeC

8、hina。(名词)2Hehatesyou.(代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake？Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）双宾语-间宾（指人)和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday。Givethepoormansomem

9、oney.四、宾补:对宾语的增补，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn。（tcome名)hereWewillmakethemhappy。（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.（副词）Pleasemakeyourselfathome。（介词短语)Dontlethimdothat。（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(带to不定式）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（此刻分词）Illhavemybikerepaired.（过去

10、分词）五、主补：对主语的增补。Hewaselectedmonitor。Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom。H六、定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.（名词）Heisourfriend.（代词）Webelongtothethirdworld。(数词）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson。(形容词）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend。(副词)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词）Theboysplayin

11、gfootballareinClass2.（此刻分词）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow。（过去分词)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）3YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定语从句）七、状语：用来修饰v.,adj。，adv。，or句子。表示时间、地点、原由、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和退步。(以下例句按上述顺序摆列）Iwillgotheretomorrow。Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom。Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell。Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch。Ifyoustudyhard，youwillpasstheexam。Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung，hecandoitwell.记忆口诀：动词种类速记：英语动词分四种，行为连系助动情。动作状态为行动，充当谓语有作用；连系动词故意义，不可以独立作谓语，须与表语在一起，常用look，become，be助动词无心义，不可以独立作谓语，时态、疑问和否定，