2022年4月自考00012英语一试题及答案

1、2022年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（一）试卷（课程代码00012）第一局部：阅读判断（第110题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了 10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的 是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息、，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及， 选择C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Why I Love My JobRoss is a public school teacher. She teaches a group of, mostly, seniors and she loves what she does.“My job i

2、s great, “she said. That is the only way to describe i t. As teachers, we have the opportunity to completely change someone* s life by providing him or her with a good education.”Ross moved to Austin in 1981 to attend the University of Texas. She earned a degree in math. Since her graduation, she ha

3、s enjoyed teaching high school students in Texas for nearly 30 years. Over the years, she has taught every level of high school math. Tv。always taught high school students,“ she said. I like their energy, and I enjoy teaching seniors because they are getting ready to move on.”Ross also believes teac

4、hing helps her keep a balance between work and life. It has allowed her to have the same work schedule as her children* s school schedule. When her sons were younger, she worked during the day while her musician husband worked at night. So daycare was never a problem. Today her two boys share the sa

5、me daily schedule and the same winter, spring and summer vacations with her.Teaching brings other benefits, too. Entry-level salaries of teachers are competitive with other fields. Teachers are also offered good retirement benefits and insurance. Due to bad economy, very few places offer a pension n

6、ow and teaching is one of them,“ she said.答案differencebakerssellingusuallyreferredsweeterwealthyIndustrialeasilyacceptable第七局部：短文写作（第51题，30分）请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇80词左右的英文写作任务。某英文报社邀请你参加题为“Where do you prefer to 1 ive, in a city or in the countryside?”的征文活动。以下是写作提纲：你的选择；你做出上述选择的原因。答案范文（略）1）评分原那么此题总分为30分，按

7、5个档次评分。阅卷人应就总体印象给分，而不是按照语言错误的 数量扣分。评分时，先根据文章的内容要点、篇章结构和语言运用初步确定其所属的档次, 然后依照该档次的具体要求酌情增减分数，最后给分。应防止分数趋中现象，即不能只给中间档次的分数。该给高分时就应给高分（包含总分值）， 该给低分时就应给低分（包含0分）。拼写和标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英 式、美式拼写及用法均可接受。如书写较差难以识别，以致影响交际，或字数明显少于要求，将分数降低一个档次。2）评 分标准第一档2530分：圆满完成了试题规定的任务。清楚地表达了全部内容要点。运用的语法结构和词汇能满

8、足任务要求。语言运用较为准确、恰当。第二档1924分：完成了试题规定的任务。清楚地表达了全部或关键内容要点。运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的基本要求。语言运用基本正确，虽有小错，但不影响理 解。在第三档1318分：基本完成了试题规定的任务。提及了关键内容要点（可能漏掉了个别 内容）o运用的语法结构和词汇满足任务的最低要求。存在一些语言错误，但基本不影响理解。第四档712分：完成了一局部试题规定的任务。遗漏或未能清楚表达内容要点。语法结构和词汇单调。语言错误较多，局部错误影响理解。第五档6分：未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏内容要点。语法结构和词汇极单调。语言错误很多，严重影响理解。0分：所传达的

9、信息或所用语言太少，无法评价；所写内容与题目要求完全无关。Ross believes that good education can change a person* s life. (A)A、 trueB、 falseC Not GivenRoss has been teaching in Austin since 1981. (B)truefalseNot GivenRoss is able to teach every level of high school math. (A)A、 truefalseC Not GivenRoss is one of the most popular

10、teachers in her high school. (C)truefalseC Not GivenRoss enjoys teaching high school students. (A)truefalseC Not GivenRoss husband used to have a day-time job when their sons were younger. (B)truefalseNot GivenRoss two sons are interested in music. (C)truefalseNot GivenRoss often goes traveling with

11、 her sons during their vacations. (C )A、 truefalseNot Given9.New teachers earn much less than beginners in other fields. (B )A true falseC、 Not Given1(). Because of bad economy, teachers are losing their pensions, too. (B)truefalseC Not Given第二局部:阅读选择(第1115题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中

12、选出1个最正确选项，并在 答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was a famous scientist. He created many theories that completely chcinged the way people saw our world and the universe. At first, very few scientists could understand his theories. As time passed, other scientists came to accept them. Einste

13、in was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879 and grew up in Munich. He was not a good student at school. He only did things he was interested in, like science and math. After school, Einstein went to Switzerland and worked at the Swiss patent (专利) office in Bern. He studied what other people had invented. La

14、ter he moved to Berl in, Germany. He lived there for a long time and developed many of his scientific theories. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.In 1933, Hitler and the Nazis came to power in Germany. Einstein was against the Nazis and their ideas. He decided to leave Germany and go to Ame

15、rica. When World War II broke out in 1939, Einstein discovered that German scientists were working on a bomb. The bomb could kill thousands of people. He wrote a letter to the American president to warn him. He also suggested that the Americans start building one, too.In 1942, the American governmen

16、t started a project to buiId the atomic bomb. Two of these bombs were dropped to end the war against Japan. Einstein was shocked when he heard the news. He wanted atomic energy to bring peace to the world.For the last twenty years of his life, Einstein lived in Princeton. He continuedhis scientific

17、work there. He died on April 18, 1955.What can we know about Einstein in his childhood? (D)A、 He was born in Munich, Germany.Uo was a straight-A student at school.C、 He was asked to leave school.I) He was interested in science subjects.In which country did Einstein develop many of his theories? (C )

18、A、 Switzerland.America.C Germany.Japan.Einstein decided to leave for the United States because heA.was opposed to the Naziscould find a better job therewanted to get away from warsD was invited by the US governmentWhen Einstein learned about the bombs dropped on Japan, he feltB .A excitedB、 surprise

19、dC satisfiedD、 confusedWhat can be inferred about Einstein from the passage? (D )An He had many followers when he was in Switzerland.Ho earned a Nobel Prize after World War II.He spent his late days in Germany.He was a peace-loving person.第三局部：概括段落大意和补全句子（第1625题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第1

20、620题后所给的6个选项中为 第段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）从第2125题后所给的6个选项中选择5 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Jungle HighwayCentral Brazil has been invaded （入侵）by engineers and construction workers. They have cut through the Amazon jungle to build a new road across Brazil.The new road is called the Trans-Amazon Highway. It

21、links the cities of Brazils east coast with another highway that stretches to the Pacific. The highway connects cities al 1 over BraziI with new settlements in central Brazi1.（3） Brazilians are both hopeful and anxious aboul the highway project. The land of northeastern Brazil is dry. It is difficul

22、t for the people to grow enough food or make enough money. They expect the new highway to provide new farmland and many jobs. They also expect new towns and cities to develop along the highway. They believe people will move from the coastal cities and help develop central Brazil. The highway is a gr

23、eat chai lenge to Brazi 1 ian engineering. Huge cutting machines are used to clear away thick jungle growth. There are other chailenges, too. Workers have to deal with heavy rains, biting insects, diseases and loneliness. They do not bring their families with them. They often miss their families and

24、 friends at home. Ecologists （生态学家）are worried about problems the new highway has brought. The rainforest has only a thin layer （层）of rich soil. This layer has been protected by tall trees and fed by dead leaves and plants. But construction is destroying the forest. The trees have been c 1 eared awa

25、y to make room for the road and new settlements. Ecologists believe there will be no good farmland. Already, some areas of the jungle have turned into dry and dusty deserts.TasklParagraph ：Paragraph ：Paragraph ：Paragraph ：Paragraph ：Description of the highwayDifficulties of the projectInvasion of th

26、e Amazon jungleLife in the jungleEcologists worriesBrazilians* expectationsTask2Trees in the jungle have been cut.People in northeastern Brazil expect the highwayBrazilians hope that.Road workers often feel lonely because.Ecologists are worried that.to make room for a highway projectcentral BraziI w

27、i11 be deve1 opedthey leave their families behindthe forest is destroyedpeople will suffer from more diseasesto bring them more money答案：CAFBEAFBCD 第四局部：填句补文（第2630题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别 放回原有位置，以恢好文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。First-born ChildrenHow do first-born children differ

28、 from later-born children? Hundreds of experiments have shown that the eldest child tends to be more careful, more eager for success, and more anxious. 26 He avoids dangerous sports like footbal1 and soccer. One thing seems certain: first-borns have a good start in 1ife. They are no more intelligent

29、. But they are better readers as children. They do better in high school. They get better grades on school tests. More first-borns go to colleges and graduate schools. 27They dominate （占优势）in graduate schools. They account for morethan a third of doctors, lawyers and college professors. More first-b

30、orns become famous people in the world.One reason for differences between older and younger chi Idren is that parents treat them differently. Many parents usually favor the eldest because everything he does is a novelty （新奇）.First-borns tend to be breast-fed longer. They are photographed endlessly.

31、28 First-borns are also given more responsibility because themother needs them to help with the younger ones.Sometimes it is simply because families cannot afford to send more thanone child to college.The first-born chi Id provides the first vehicle by which parents cancontinue their own identities

32、and realize their hopes and dreams. All in all, it seems that first-borns are not only teachers* pets, but parents* pets as well. A. He is also more sensitive to pain.Many parents simply expect more of the first child.They account for 66% of the students in top US universities.Later-borns have valua

33、ble qualities that many first-borns lack.But later-borns are lucky to appear in group pictures.In certain cultures, the eldest should enjoy special educational advantages. 答案CEFB第五局部：填词补文（第3140题，每题L 5分，共15分）下面的短文有1（）处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中1（）个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其 分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Building Trust in TeamworkTrust

34、is important for teamwork. Teens must learn to trust each other to work towards a common 31.For one activity, put the teens into 32. One is blindfolded （蒙住眼睛）.Use rings to 33 mines （地雷）in a certain area. The seeing partner stands on the34 side of the field. He must direct his partner across the mine

35、 field safely.The point is to see how 35 their chosen form of communication is.For another activity, 36 the whole group an un-assembled （未组装的）tent.Tell them they are in Antarctica and 37survived a snowstorm. The team leaderhas his hands hurt and cannot 38. Half the team have been blinded by 39and the o