2018高考真题英语 天津卷

1、精品精品精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页。第II卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第I卷注意事项：每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用

2、（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthereyoullbeabletoseeitbetter.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。WasntJoansupposedtobeherebynow?.Shewillbehereinabouttwentyminutes.AllrightB.DontworryC.NowonderD.EnjoyyourselfKate,sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetowo

3、rkinAustralia.whomB.thatC.whoseD.herAtfirstRobertwouldntlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyheasshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.A.gaveinB.dressedupC.brokeinD.turnedupLetsnotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendtheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.A.eversinceB.asifC.eventhoughD.sothatImmovinginafewdaysandIwonderif

4、youcouldhelp.Justletmeknowwhen,andIllbethere.A.YoubetB.ItdependsC.ForgetitD.NokiddingThethatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitationIneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph.A.takingB.takenC.beingtakenD.take

5、Ittookhimalongtimetotheskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.A.displayB.acquireC.teachD.testThegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.A.whomeverB.whereverC.whoeverD.whateverIcantfindmypurse.Iitinthesupermarketyesterday,butImnotsure.A.shouldleavemusthaveleftmightleavecouldhaveleftBobth

6、oughthecouldntgotothepartybecausehehadtowriteareport,buthewent.A.atfirstB.afterallC.aboveallD.atrandomIdidntmeananythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldnthelpit.A.toeat;totryeating;tryingeating;totrytoeat;tryingMywashingmachinethisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.A.wasrepairedisrepairedisbeingr

7、epairedhasbeenrepairedItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse_wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereIfwetheflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.hadcaughtB.caughtC.havecaughtD.wouldcatch第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。No

8、oneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown16.Ilearnedthislessonfroma(n)17manyyearsago.Itookthehead18jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.Itwasatraditionfortheschoolsoldteamtoplayagainstthel9teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydid

9、ntevenpracticeto20thegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Icouldnt21Ihadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto22thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheywere23me.Ihadtochangemy24abouttheirabilityandpotential

10、.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle25.Mostimportant,Ibegantotreatthemlike26Thatsummer,whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheir27,wemeteverydayand28passingandkickingthefootballSixmonthsaftersufferingour29onthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto30Finally,wefacedthenumb

11、eroneteaminthestate.Ifeltthatitwouldbea31forusevenifwelostthegame.Butthatwasntwhathappened.MyboysbeattheteaminGeorgia,givingmeoneofthegreatest32ofmylife!FromtheexperienceIlearnedalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan33themembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand34them.Ihelpedthemtoseeth

12、emselves35,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.16.A.luckB.testsC.effortsD.nature17.A.experimentB.experienceC.visitD.show18.A.operatingB.editingC.consultingD.coaching19.A.successfulB.excellentC.strongD.new20.A.cheerforB.prepareforC.helpwithD.finishwith21.A.believeB.agreeC.describ

13、eD.regret22.A.realizeB.claimC.permitD.demand23.A.reactingtoB.lookingforC.dependingonD.caringabout24.A.decisionB.attitudeC.conclusionD.intention25.A.prideB.cultureC.fortuneD.relationship精品精品精品精品26.A.leadersB.partnersC.winnersD.learners27.A.rewardsB.vacationsC.healthD.honor28.A.riskedB.missedC.conside

14、redD.practiced29.A.defeatB.declineC.accidentD.mistake30.A.relaxB.improveC.expandD.defend31.A.shameB.burdenC.victoryD.favor32.A.chancesB.thrillsC.concernsD.offers33.A.surpriseB.serveC.interestD.affect34.A.encouragedB.observedC.protectedD.impressed35.A.honestlyB.individuallyC.calmlyD.differently第二部分：阅

15、读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler（喷水灭火装置）systems,firealarms,andfireextinguishers（灭火器）.Theyalsoprovideeducationalprog

16、ramsonfiresafetyintheresidencehalls.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual（手动的）firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostare精细；挑选；精品精品精品精品精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；a

17、lsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith（胡乱摆弄）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing:Ta

18、keyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexit;donotusealift.Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irrespons

19、ibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorsAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyour

20、smokedetector:Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.lftheredlightisnotblinking（闪动）,contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofes

21、sionals?Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?Pipesandsmokedetectors.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.Sprinklersa

22、ndfirealarmpullstations.Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould.rushquicklytoaliftgatheratthenearestexitshutthedoorandleaveatoncewaitforinstructionsinthehallWhatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartme

23、nt.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould.contactthehallstaffregularlycoverthethingsthatburneasilystartthesmokedetectorinafiremakecertaintheredlightisworkingWhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercolorist

24、namedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,“Doyouhavetheaddress?”“No,butIllrecognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.”“Oh,stop.Thereitis!”Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedt

25、alkingandstaredatus.“MayIhelpyou?”amanasked.“No,”Isaid.“Werefine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerves.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouwerentthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(探的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.hallseemedverynosy(Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesc

26、ulpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme.“Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”heasked.Iturnedsharply.“TheMcNayArtMuseum!”Hesmiled,shakinghishead.“Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.”“Whatsthisplace?”Iasked,stillconfused.“Well,itsourhome.”Myheartjolted（震颤）.Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,“Sally!Co

27、medownimmediately!”“Theressomereallygoodstuff（艺术作品）upthere.”Shesteppeddown,lookingconfused.Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,“Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,youhaveareallyniceplace.”Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.Shecouldntbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundw

28、ithoutsayinganything.TherealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace.“Excuseme,didyoueverenteraresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?”“Yes.Buthowdoyou

29、know?Wenevertoldanyone.”“Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.Ivealwayswantedtothankyou.”WhatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay?Shewasapainter.Shewasacommunityl

30、eader.Shewasamuseumdirector.Shewasajournalist.Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.Shemistookhimforatourguide.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall?Puzzled.B.Concerned.C.Fr

31、ightened.D.Delighted.WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?Peo

32、pleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.CTheresanewfrontierin3Dprintingthatsbeginningtocomeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthat精品精品精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精品print,

33、cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisntstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothatittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito“re-createformsand

34、pieces”offoodthatare“exactlythesame,”freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable.Sustainability（可持续性）Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneedtoberaisedby50perc

35、enttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids（水解胶体）fromingredients（烹饪原料）.3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock“food”thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshel

36、fspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipson,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,said,“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterdaysbreadfromthesup

37、ermarket,youdeatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.”ChallengesDespiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste（糊状物）beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotheri

38、nverycomplexways.Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.Whatbenefitdoes3Dprintingbringtofoodproduction?It

39、helpscookstocreatenewdishes.Itsavestimeandeffortincooking.Itimprovesthecookingconditions.Itcontributestorestaurantdecorations.Whatcanwelearnabout3DfoodprintingfromParagraph3?Itsolvesfoodshortageseasily.Itquickensthetransportationoffood.Itneedsnospaceforthestorageoffood.Itusesrenewablematerialsassour

40、cesoffood.精品AccordingtoParagraph4,3D-printedfood.ismoreavailabletoconsumerscanmeetindividualnutritionalneedsismoretastythanfoodinsupermarketscankeepallthenutritioninrawmaterialsWhatisthemainfactorthatprevents3Dfoodprintingfromspreadingwidely?Theprintingprocessiscomplicated.3Dfoodprintersaretooexpens

41、ive.Foodmaterialshavetobedry.Someexpertsdoubt3Dfoodprinting.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?3DFoodPrinting:DeliciousNewTechnologyANewWaytoImprove3DFoodPrintingTheChallengesfor3DFoodProduction3DFoodPrinting:FromFarmtoTableDGiveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbes

42、eenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,youllhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achildsdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildren精品精品精品精品becomeunclear

43、,wearenumb（麻木的）tonewstimulation（刺激）,newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRock

44、yMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedtheydfeltcoldwateratfirst.Anotherblocktoawarenessist

45、heobsession（痴迷）manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,“aruby-crownedkinglet”andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Thepressuresof“time”and“destination”arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredman

46、yhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhatsaroundthem.Iaskedthemwhattheydseen.“Oh,afewbirds,”theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyou精细；挑选；精品精品精品精品精

47、细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；精细；挑选；takeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremoreanxioustodowonderssensitivetoothersfeelingslikelytodevelopunpleasanthabitseagertoexplorethewo

48、rldaroundthemWhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.Tostopcomplainingallthetime.Tofollowtheteachersadvice.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.Thebirdwatchersbehaviorshowsthatthey.A.areverypatientintheirobservationarereallyfascinatedbynaturecareonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsquestiontheaccu

49、racyofthefieldguidesWhydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?A.Thenaturalbeautyisntattractivetothem.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould.filloursensestofeelth

50、ewondersoftheworldgetridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeopenourmindtonewthingsandideastryourbesttoprotectnature绝密启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试第II卷注意事项:用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分:写作第一节:阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Somepeoplelivetoclimbthehighestmountains.Somepeopleliveonlydreami

51、ngaboutitwhileotherslivetoavoideverclimbingatall.ButOnethingiscertain,allpeopleencountermountainsintheirlife.WhenIwasalittlegirl,myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmountain.Onedayafterschool,whileexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain,Ialmostfellonasetofstairs.Whatcouldthesestepsleadt

52、o?CuriositygotthebestofmeasIknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon.Istartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysterioussteps.Iclimbedandclimbed.Therewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandthesesteps.Ihadtoreachthetop!Butitwasnowgettingrealdark.IfIkeptgoingImightnotbeabletoseemywayback.MymumwouldbeworriedsickifIdidntcomeh

53、omesoon.SoIranbackhomealmostinthedarkwhiletryingnottogettooscared.AnxiouslyIwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain.Couldtherebeacastleupthere?MaybeIwouldfindamonster(怪物).MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingbackhome.Or,maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!Butsomethinginsid

54、emewasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcost.Icouldhardlywaittotrythisadventureagain.Nowweliveinaworldsurroundedbythe“cantdo”attitudes.Weallfalldown.Weallhavedoubtsandregrets.Stillwemustclimbanddreamaboutwhatsatthetopofourmountain.Monstersmayappearorthenightwillfall.Butneverevergiveuponyourdream!Neverletanyonetellyou,“Youcant.”Dreambigandclimbhigh!Whatmadetheauthorstarttoclimbupthestairstothemountaintop?(nomorethan5words)Whydidtheauthorhurrybackhomewithoutreachingthetopofthemountain?Givetworeasons.(nomorethan15word