高考英语非谓语动词复习课件(共67张)

1、Non-predicate Verbs 高考英语非谓语动词复习非谓语不定式（to do)分词动名词（-ing)过去分词(-ed)现在分词(-ing)- Ing形式一：构成-ed形式1.谓语动词：2. 非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分(通俗地说，就是不能作谓语的动词变形）二 ：谓语动词与非谓语动词判别谓语动词及非谓语动词的方法She got off the bus, _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.2. She got off the bus, but _ (leave) her handbag on her

2、 seat.leavingleft非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 由此可见，连词在决定句子结构以及谓语动词和非谓语动词的使用中起着关键的作用。The man took out the key, _ (open) the door and entered the room.2. The man sat there, _ (read) a book.3. _ (work) hard, and you will succeed.4. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterd

3、ay is of great importance.5. _(improve) his spoken English, Mr. Zhang goes to the English corner every Saturday.openedreadingWork discussedTo improve 非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词三 ：非谓语动词的句法作用 1 The teachers sitting there are from other schools.表语2 We saw some teachers sitting there. 宾语补足语3 We nee

4、d to be active in class. 宾语谓语宾语主语定语连系动词划分句子成分 4. To see you is glad. =Its glad to see you. 5. I want to see you. 6. I want him to see you. 7. My hope is to see you. 8. He is the man to see you. 9. Im glad to see you. 10. I went to see you. 11. He went so early as to see you.（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）

5、（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）12.Swimming is his favorite sport. 13.He enjoys swimming. 14.I found him swimming in the river. 15.His favorite sport is swimming.16.He is the man swimming in the river just now. 17. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool.(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作表语)(作状语)(作定语)动词不定式一. 动词不定式的基本构成由不定式符号to加动词原

6、形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成主动态被动态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式to doto be doneto have doneto have been done to be doingto have been doing 1. 不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时，或之后发生用一般时态 1) He wanted _ (see) you. 2) I hope _(see) you again.2. 强调不定式的动作正在进行时，用进行时态 When I came in, he pretended (read) a book. 3. 强调 不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时，用不定式完成时 He is

7、 said _ (write) a novel last year. 4. 强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去 时，用完成进行式 She is said (work) on the problem for many years. to seeto seeto be readingto have writtento have been working二.不定式时态的用法当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态It is an honor for me _(ask) to speak here .She asked _ (send) to work in Tibet .

8、The book is said _ (translate) into English.to be sentto have been translated三.不定式被动语态的用法to be asked1. Tom happened _ (pass) by when they spoke ill of him.2. We all hope _ (become) scientists.3. We all want _ (take) part in the sports meet.4. I happened _ (read) the article when he asked me about it

9、.5. He pretended _ (be) a driver.6. When the father came home, the naughty boy pretended _ (do) his homework. to be passingto becometo taketo have readto beto be doing7. He is said to _ (write) a novel now.be writing8. He is said _ (send) to London already.9. She is said _ (meet) a fairy one day.10.

10、 Alice is said _ (do) her homework in her own room now.11. I dont expect them _ (wait) for me when I arrived there so late.12. These boys are said _ (praise) for doing goods deeds.to have been sentto have metto be doingto be waitingto be praised动词不定式To do that sort of thing is foolish。I want to see

11、you this eveningAll you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English.I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语 宾语表语 定语 状语 宾补1.作主语 To see is to believe Not to get there in time is your fault.注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1

12、：It + 谓语 + to doIt takes us an hour _ (get )there by bus.句型2：Its + n. + to doIts our duty _ (help) the poor. It is a great enjoyment _ (spend ) our holiday in the mountainsto getto helpto spend四. 动词不定式的句法作用句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.It is + adj + for sb to do sthIt is + adj + of sb to do st

13、h（是形容人的品质的 ）（是形容事物的性质的 ）It is easy _ me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor _ us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind _ you to give me some help.Its impolite _ you to speak to the teacher like that.forforofof常见动词有：口诀：想要决定同意，希望许诺选择 want, decide, hope, agree, choose, w

14、ish, need ,promise2.作宾语 I want to know this matter.like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, prefer, forget, mean, prepare, pretend, continue, start, afford, hate等I dont expect to meet you here.1).接不定式做宾语1 I agreed_ ( go ) there with the docto

15、r. My daughter preferred _ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties.3. He had promised _ ( give ) me a hand. to go to dance to give 2). find /feel/think/supposeit+adj.+to do sth.1. 不定式与动名词无区别 start begin continue注意下列情况中begin和start后须接不定式主语是物不是人 Spring came on, and the snow began to melt.begin和start用于进行

16、时态 Its beginning to snow.后接表示心理活动或状态的动词，如：understand, realize, know I began to realize how stupid I was.后接不定式被动式 The new type of computer began to be developed in the 1980s.注意下列动词beginstartcontinue +to do doing2. 不定式与动名词区别细微 后接动名词表示经常性的动作，多指一个人的爱好、习惯等，后接不定式表示具体的特定的某一次动作 I like _ (swim) in summer. I

17、didnt like _ (swim) that day.swimmingto swimlikelovehatepreferlearn+to dodoingrememberforgetregret+to dodoingtrymeanstopgo on cant help+to dodoingExx.The teacher is coming, lets stop _ (talk).She tried _ (read), but couldnt make her forget her trouble.He forgot even _ (write) to me, so he wrote anot

18、her one.I remember _ (bring) the book to you last week.I regret _ (tell) that we cant take your advice.6. Revolution means _(liberate) the productive forces.7. Go on _ (do) the other exercise after you have finished this one.8. Though it began to rain, they went on _ (get) In the crops on the field.

19、talkingreadingwritingbringingto tellliberatingto dogetting3.作表语注意一致性 _(do) two things at a time is to do neither _ (see) is to believe. To do To see主语中含有实义动词do时,这时不定式可省略toAll you have to do is (to) finish the job quickly.4）作定语：sth.须放在所修饰的名词或代词后。 I have a meeting to attend.不定式为vi.时，其后应有必要的介词，如： He fo

20、und a good house to live in.The child has nothing to worry about.What did you open it with?to do(动作执行者是主句的主语）to be done (动作执行者不是主句的主语）I have some clothes to wash./to be washed.一般修饰将要去做的事She has a lot of work to do in the morning. There be句型中不定式to do和to be done都可表被动，可以不区别。There are a lot of things to

21、 do/to be done this afternoon. Mr. Smith，I have some questions_ (ask).Please give me some books_ (read).Im going to the post office; do you have anything _ (send)？to be sentto askto read the first /last /best /only to do（主动式）Im hungry. Get me something_ (eat).He will show you the right path_ (take).

22、Those who have questions _ (ask) put up your hands.The books _ (send) to the poor mountain areas next week have been here.to eatto take5. He has a lot of work _ (do) today, so he cant go with us.6. We have a composition _ (write).7. He told me about the things_ (discuss) at the next meeting.8. They

23、have paid for the house _(build) next year.to askto be sentto doto writeto be discussedto be built表目的： in order（not）to do so as (not) to do 不能放在句首 （not )to do He worked day and night to get the money.She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：To save money, every means has been

24、tried.To save money, he has tried every means.To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. 5）作状语： 表结果：so as to do sth.such as to do sth.adj/adv+ enough to do sth.too to do sth.only to do sth.He hurried to school only to find it was Sunday.To be honest/T

25、o tell you the truth/To be frankTo speak franklyTo make things worseTo strart/begin withTo be exactTo make a long story short独立成分（单独使用）：6）作宾语补足语：带to 的动词 sb. to do sth.不带to 的动词 sb. do sth.(但改为被动语态 时，不定式要加to)一感：feel + sb + do sth.二听: hear, listen to三使役: let, make, have五看: see, watch, look at, observe,

26、 notice半帮助：help sb. (to )do sth.Eg. Teacher made him do that again and again. He was made to do that again and again.不能用此结构的。sb.to do sth. (hope,demand,suggest,agree,refuse,inform,arrange there to be Eg. The headmaster declared there to be a meeting.一. 动名词的基本构成主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having don

27、ehaving been done动名词We are interested in _(play) football.He is afraid of _(leave) at home.I am sorry for not _(keep) my promise.The house showed some signs of _(destroy).playingbeing lefthaving kepthaving been destroyed二.动名词的作用1. 作主语Seeing is believing.Reading newspapers can increase our knowledge.

28、 no use no good no fun Its + a shame + doing a waste of time/money useless dangerous There is no + doing.=Its impossible to do sth. 动名词表示经常性、反复发生的动作 不定式表示具体的、某一次的动作 To do morning exercises today is not good for health. Doing morning exercises every day is good for health. To smoke here is dangerous.

29、 Smoking is not a good habit. to do 表示具体的动作 -ing 表示泛指的动作 Her work is _( look ) after the children.My aim is _( go ) to Tsing Hua University.One of my bad habits is _(bite )nails.2.作表语3. 作宾语 S. + vt.+ doing在某些动词后要求用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式，常见的这类动词有：避免错过 (少) 延期 avoid miss delay/postpone建议完成 (多) 练习 suggest / advi

30、se finish practise喜欢想象 禁不住 enjoy/appreciate/ imagine/ resist/cant help承认 否定 (与) 嫉妒 admit deny envy逃脱 冒险 (莫) 原谅 escape / envy /risk /pardon / excuse忍受 保持 (不) 在意 stand keep / keep on mind prefer.to. look forward to be used to put off give up S. + keep on + doing succeed in cant help feel like be busy

31、be worth have difficulty/trouble/problem (in)作介词/短语动词的宾语:S. + v. + prep. + doing主动表被动: want need Sth. + require+ doing be worth doing to be doneMost of them objected to_ (leave) in such a hurry. 2. These men have devoted themselves to _ (train) young man in order to set the worlds record.3. How abou

32、t Li Ming _ (help) you with the job.4. The mother warned her son against _ (fight) with other boys.5. The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed _ (catch).6. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ (persuade) into buying something they dont really need.7. While were developing agriculture an

33、d industry we must prevent earth _ (pollute). leavingtraininghelpingfightingbeing caught being persuadedbeing polluted动名词做定语往往说明所修饰词的某种用途，一般放在被修饰词的前面。 e.g. a washing machine = a machine which is used for washing a reading room = a room which is used for reading4. 作定语5.动名词的复合结构1).物主代词 / 名词所有格 + 动名词 在

34、句中作主语: _late made her teacher angry. _was a great encouragement to us. _wont be of much help.2).宾格代词 / 名词普通格+ 动名词 在句中作宾语: Im sure of _on time. He has never heard of _a pilot. I dont mind_. She hates_. 3). 名词普通格+ 动名词 在句中作主语: 物主代词 + 动名词 在句中作宾语: Do you mind_? Do you mind _your paper?Marys comingmy smok

35、inghis readingTheir coming to helpRoses goingyoung people (them) smokingJack (him) leavinga woman beinghim comingAnyone smoking here will be fined.1.他杰克没准时到火车站使得我们大家都很担心。to the station on time made all of us worried.HisJacks not getting2.我杰克现在离开你介意吗？Do you mind now?mymeJack leaving3.学生学好了英语对学习法语有帮助。

36、 well will help them to learn FrenchThe students knowing English4.我记得汤姆去过那里。I remember thereTom going5.你今天下午能回电话的话，我将非常感谢。I would appreciate back this afternoonyour calling6.玛丽坚持要我看信。Mary insisted on the lettermy reading _ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for. A. The gir

37、l was educated B. The girl educated C. The girls being educated D. The girl to be educated Ann never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon. A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance CA I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late. A.

38、 you to delay making B. your delaying making C. you delaying to make D. you delay to make I would appreciate _ it a secret. A. your keeping B. you to keep C. that you keep D. that you will keep He insisted on the windows _ open while he was sleeping. A. left B. being left C. leaving D. be left BAB6.

39、The road _ caused us to be for our work for half an hour. A. blocked B. was blocked C. blocking D. being blocked 7.The concerned mother was thrilled at the news of his son _ to college. A. had been admitted B. admitted C. having been admitted D. having admitted DC 及 物 动 词 主动语态 被动语态 现在分词一般式 完成式 过去分词一

40、般式 doinghaving donebeing donehaving been donedone一 .分词的概述分词：Participles现在分词与过去分词的区别：语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动Do you know the woman talking to Tom?The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成developing country, boiling waterdeveloped country, boiled waterThe building _is our libra

41、ry._, the question was solved.As we visited the village, we saw new houses_._off the radio, he began to go over his lessons._his fathers letter, he decided to make a call to him.被动式： 完成式：being repairedHaving being discussedbeing put upHaving turnedNot having received1、作定语（1）前置定语He is a promising you

42、ng man.Make less noise. Theres a sleeping child.We only sell used books.我们只卖用过的书。（2）后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。如：The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.二、分词的作用The bridge built last month needs repairing. Those who wish to join the club should sign here Those wishing to

43、 join this club should sign here.The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory. 2、作宾语补足语 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, sb. +doing/done have, get 等词I saw him walking in the street. 我看见他在街上走。 I heard them singing i

44、n the classroom.我听见他们在教室里唱歌。 We found the boy sleeping. 我们发现小孩睡着了。A）I heard my brother ( singing , sung ) in the next room B）I heard the song ( singing , sung ) in English . a.现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别3、作状语现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成(Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory.(Seeing/seen

45、) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful.(Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldnt help crying.(Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better. I stood by the door, not daring to say a word.Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.When they heard the bad newsb. 分词作状语相当于状语从句Giv

46、en more attention, the trees could have grown better.If they had been given more attentionBeing so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.Because he was so angryThey came into the classroom,singing and laughing.To serve the people well, I study hard. In order to serve the people well将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：Because

47、 she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder.Moved by the hero,2. When he found the door locked, he went home.Finding the door locked,3.He started early in order that he could get there on time.to get there on time分词练习This is the problem _ (discuss) at the meeting now. _（tell) many times,

48、 he still couldnt understand it. _ (do) his homework, he went out for play. He sent me an e-mail, _ (hope) to get more advice_(not know) what to do, he phoned him again._(punish) by the teacher, he felt sad._(not receive) an answer, he decided to write anther letter.being discussedHaving been toldHa

49、ving donehopingNot knowingPunishedNot having received三、分词独立主格结构独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。-ing分词及其短语 -ed分词及其短语 形容词及其短语 不定式及其短语 副词及其短语 介词及其短语名词 / 代词 +当分词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语时，要给出它自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。重点The job finished, we went home. The weather being fine, we went swimming. He being absent, nothing co

50、uld be done.相当于：After the job was finished, we went home. Because the weather was fine, we went swimming. Because he was absent, nothing could be done. 1.The moon_, they decided to go on with their journey. The moon_, so they decided to go on with their journey.2.The pupils are walking slowly, their te