d103-英语六级视频6级阅读讲义

1、六级阅读强化冲刺班讲义Arecurringcriticism of theUKsuniversity sectorisitsperceived ranslating productsand.Recently, the UKNationalStemCell Networkwarned the UKcould loseitsplace amongworld leadersin stem cell less adequate funding and legislation could bered. shouldtake六级阅读强化冲刺班讲义Arecurringcriticism of theUKsu

2、niversity sectorisitsperceived ranslating productsand.Recently, the UKNationalStemCell Networkwarned the UKcould loseitsplace amongworld leadersin stem cell less adequate funding and legislation could bered. shouldtakethisconcern seriously asuniversitiesareHowever, wedohave to challenge theunthinkin

3、ghe nationalinnovation tthesector doesnot doenough takingideastomarket.Themostrecentcomparativedataon theperformanceof universitiesresearchinstitutionsinAustralia,Canada, USAandUKt,fromarelativelyweakition, the UKnow leadson manyindicatorsoflization When viewed at thenationallevel,the erventionsof t

4、hepastdecadehavetransformtheperformanceof UKuniversities.uggeststheition is herecentpast andisstillshowingimprovement.Butnationaldatamasksthe large heperformanceof iversities. Thet anumber ofuniversitieshavefallenoffthebackof thepack, afewperformstronglyandtherest chase the leaders.Thistype ofuneven

5、 distribution isnotpeculiar tothe UKand ismirroredacrossheUK,research isconcentrated: n25% ofuniversitiesreceive75%ofresearchfunding.Thesesameuniversitiesarealsotheinstitutionsproducingthegreatestshare PhDgraduates, scienceions, patentsand e. Theeffectof policieslong-termresourceconcentrationhasalso

6、createdadistinctivesetof universitieswhich research-ledandlly active. Itseemsttheconcentration ofresearch lizationwork createsn Thecore objectiveforuniversitieswhich areresearch-led must be izethe impact theirresearchefforts.Theseuniversitiesshould begenerating thewidestrangeofl, andenvironmental be

7、nefits.Inreturnforthescaleof investment,theyshould sharetheir in orderto buildgreaterhe Part ofthe economicrecovery oftheUKwillbedriven bythenext generationoflizationspilling outof our universities.There arethreedozen hewhichareactively engagedinadvancedresearch trainingand lizationIftherewasagreate

8、rcoordination of technologytransfer withinregionsandakey role hescaleandfunctionsofour graduateschools, universitiescould, andshould,playitioning theUK for thenext growth57. What doesthe author think ofUKIftherewasagreatercoordination of technologytransfer withinregionsandakey role hescaleandfunctio

9、nsofour graduateschools, universitiescould, andshould,playitioning theUK for thenext growth57. What doesthe author think ofUKermsof A) Theyfailto convertoThey donotregard itastheir They stillhave aplace amongtheworldD) Theyhave losttheirany58. Whatdoestheauthor sayaboutthenationaldataon UKuniversiti

10、es performanceA) Itmasksthefatalweaknessesernment B) It doesnotUKuniversitiesina scientific C) It doesnotreflecttheamong D) Itindicatestheirineffective use ernment.59. Wecan inferfromParagraphterventions (Line 1, Para. 4)referstoernmentaidtonon-research-oriented B) compulsorycooperation n universiti

11、esand C) fair distribution offundingfor universitiesandresearch D) concentration ofin alimited numberof60. Whatdoestheauthor suggestresearch-leduniversitiesA) Publicizetheirresearch to ernationalFullyutilizetheirresearch to benefitall sectorsofGenerously share theirfacilitieswiththoseshortofSpread t

12、heirinfluenceamongtopresearch 61. Howcan the universitysector playa keyheUKseconomic A) Byestablishing more regional technologytransfer.B) Byasking ernment toechnologytransfer Bypromotingtechnologytransfer andgraduateschool Byincreasing theefficiency of technologytransferparent-hoodbytheir parents,

13、whoppinessamong eople dependson havinggrand-childto spoil. Weneed anizationtohelp beat downthens grandchildlessparents. ItstimetoestablishPlannedGrandparenthood,whichwouldhaveglobal and local Toomanyvulnerablechild-freeadultsarebeing ruthlessly (无情的oPart ofitswouldbeto promotetherisksand realitieste

14、d with being grandparent.Thestaffwould includedepressed grandparentswhowould explain howbreak s,bite,scream andkick.OtherswouldPart ofitswouldbeto promotetherisksand realitiested with being grandparent.Thestaffwould includedepressed grandparentswhowould explain howbreak s,bite,scream andkick.Othersw

15、oulddetail howanhourofbaby-sitting oftenoacryingmarathon.Moregrandparentswouldtestify expensive college education.t they hadto payfortheirPlanned grandparenthoodscarefullywrittenliterature woulddetail allthe joysofgrand-child-freeacalmlivingroom,extramoneyfor luxuriesduring thegoldenyears,etc.grandp

16、arentswould bet,withoutgrandchildrenaround,sibleto have conversationwithyourkids, whoincidentallywould havemoretimefor their ownMeanwhile,most children arevulnerable totheenormousinfluenceexertedbyparentsaiming to persuadetheir kidstoproduce children.They willtakeacallparent,even if theyreloaded wit

17、hworks.Inaddition, someparentsmakehandsomemoneypayableuponthegrandchildsbirth.Sometimesthesegiftsnotonly coverexpensestedtheinfantsbirth,but extras, too, likeavacation.In anycase, cash giftscan weakentheresolveeven the .AtPlannedGrandparenthood, ed bytheir parents toreproducecouldnon-biased informat

18、ion about theinsanity of having their ownkids. The catastrophic psychological and economic costs of childbearing would be emphasized. The symptoms of morning sickness wouldbelistedandhorrorsofchildbirthpictured.Amonthlynewsletterwouldcontainstoriesabout overwhelmed parents and offer guidance on how

19、childless adults can respond to the differentlobbying twould-begrandparentsWhen I think about allthe problems of our opulated worldand lookat our boy grabbing the bythesofa,I wishI could haveturnedtoPlanned Grandparenthood when my parentsputtingthegrandchildsqueezeon IfIcouldhave,Imightnothisparenth

20、ood predicament窘境). Butheresthecrazyirony,dontwant mychild-freelifeback.Dylanstoomuch 21. Whatsthee ofthe anizationPlanned A) Toencourage childlesscouplesto haveB) Toprovidefacilitiesand frandchildlessC) To offercounseling to peopleonhowtoraise D) Todiscourage peoplefrominsisting onhaving22. Planned

21、Grandparenthoodwouldincludedepressedgrandparentsonitsstaff inorderA) show themthe joys oflifegrandparents mayhave in raisingB)draw attentiontothetroublesanddifficultiesgrandchildren may C) sharetheir experiencein raisinggrandchildrenin a morescientificD) helpraisefundstocoverthehighB)draw attentiont

22、othetroublesanddifficultiesgrandchildren may C) sharetheir experiencein raisinggrandchildrenin a morescientificD) helpraisefundstocoverthehighexpenseof education 23.Accordingto thepassage, somecouplesmayeventuallychooseto havechildrenA) theyfindrdtoresist thecarrot-and-stick approachof theirB) they

23、have learnfromarentsaboutthejoysof having C) they feelmore andmorelonely ad theygrowD) they havefounditirrational toremain24. By saying.myparentswere puttingthegrandchild squeezeon me(Line2-3,Para.6),author A) arentskeptring her tohave aB) arentslikedto havea heirC) arentsasked herto save for theexp

24、ensesof raising aD) arentskept blamingherforher childsbad25. What doestheauthorreally oftheideaof having A) It doesmorenB) It contributesto C) Itis troublesome butD) Itisa psychological Asbesthohastriedtoloseweightknows, realisticgoal-setting generally tspartiallybecauseit appearspeoplewhoset realis

25、ticuallyworkefficiently,andexertmoreeffort, toachieve thoseWhatsfar nderstoodbyscientists, however, arethepotentiallyharmfuleffectsrsrelaydailyaccountsof goal-settingprevalentinindustriesandbusinessesupdownboth WallStreet andMain Street, yettherehasbeen surprisingly littleresearch on howlong-trumpet

26、edpracticeof settinggoalsmayhavecontributedtothecurrenteconomiccrisisand unethical (不道德的)behavior in general.“Goalsarewidelyused andpromotedrsrelaydailyaccountsof goal-settingprevalentinindustriesandbusinessesupdownboth WallStreet andMain Street, yettherehasbeen surprisingly littleresearch on howlon

27、g-trumpetedpracticeof settinggoalsmayhavecontributedtothecurrenteconomiccrisisand unethical (不道德的)behavior in general.“Goalsarewidelyused andpromotedashaving really leffects.Andyet, thetcanpush peopleto exert moreeffort inaconstructiveway couldalso peopletobemorelikelytoengageinunethicalbehaviors,”s

28、aysprofessor atchweitzer,an“It turns outtheresnoeconomic benefittoving a goal-you just get a benefit”Schweitzersays. anycases, goalshaveeconomict makethem A primeleSchweitzer and hiscolleaguesciteisthe2004collapseofenergy-giantEnron, wheremanagersusedlincentivesto motivatesalesmentomeetrevenuegoals.

29、 Theproblem,Schweitzer says, isthe actual tradeswerenotOtherstudieshavetsaddling employeesrealisticgoalscan compel them, cheat orsteal.Suchwasthe heearly1990swhen Searsed a salesquota onitsrepair staff. It promptedemployeesto overchargefor workandtocompletea companywide sary repairsSchweitzerconcede

30、shisresearch runscounter to averylargebodyoftsuse themanybenefitsofgoal-setting. Advocatesof thepracticehavetakenewith suchevidence asnewsaccountsto support tgoal-setting isIn arebuttal反驳) r,Dr.EdwinLockewrites:“Goal-settingisnotgoinganizationscannot thrive withoutbeingfocusedon theirdesiredendresul

31、tsany nindividualcan thrivewithoutgoalstoprovideasenseof ButSchweitzercontendsthe“mountingcausalevidence”linkinggoal-settingandbehavior should bestudied tohelp spotlightt meritcaution and further“Evenafew negativeeffectscould beso tthey outweigh itiveeffects,” he“Goal-setting doeshelp coordinateand

32、motivatepeople. Myideawouldbetotwithcarefuloversight, aanizationalculture, andmakesurethet youuse going tobeconstructive andnotsignificantlyharmanization,”Schweitzer52.What message doesthe authortrytoconvey about goal-A) Itsnegative effectshave longbeenB) Thegoalincrease peopleswork C) Itsrolehas be

33、en largelyD) Thegoalsmost people set areA) Itsnegative effectshave longbeenB) Thegoalincrease peopleswork C) Itsrolehas been largelyD) Thegoalsmost people set are53. What doeschweitzerwanttoshowbycitingtheleofA) Settingrealistic goalscan turnafailing o B)Businessesarelesslikelytosucceedwithoutsettin

34、grealisticC) lincentivesensure companiesmeet specific revenueD) Goalswithl rewards havestrong54. HowdidSearsgoal-setting affectitsA)Theywereobligedtoworkmorehourstoincrease their B) Theycompeted withone anothertoattractmoreC) Theyresorted tounethicalpracticetomeet theirsalesD)Theyimprovedtheir custo

35、merserviceon acompanywide55. Whatdoadvocatesof goal-setting thinkofSchweitzersA) Itsfindingsare notof muchpractical B)Itexaggeratesthesideeffectsof goal-C) isnotbased on solidscientific D) Itrunscounterto theexisting literature onthe 56. What isSchweitzerscontention againstEdwinA) Thelinkngoal-setti

36、ng and harmfulbehavior deservesfurtherB)Goal-settingetoo deep-rooted incorporate C) itiveeffectsofgoal-setting outweighitsnegativeD)Studyinggoal-setting canthrowmorelightonsful business.For mostofthe20thcentury, keditself what itcouldlearnfromthemodern,West.Now thequestion must bereversed.C) itiveef

37、fectsofgoal-setting outweighitsnegativeD)Studyinggoal-setting canthrowmorelightonsful business.For mostofthe20thcentury, keditself what itcouldlearnfromthemodern,West.Now thequestion must bereversed.What can theWestsoverlyindebted and sluggish(滞涨的) nationslearnfromaflourishing Just a few decadesago,

38、 Asiastwogiants werestagnating(停滞不前) underfaultyideologies.However, onceChinabegan embracingfree-market he1980s,followed he1990s,bothcountriesachievedra they balanced market economy with sensiblegrowth. lly, asthey opened up theirernmentdirection. Asn AmartyaSenhaswisely said,“Theinvisible handof th

39、esoftend heavilyonvisiblehand Contrast thismiddlepath mericaandEurope, whichhaveeachgoneheirownways.Sincethe1980s,Americahasbeen increasingly clinging toideologyof uncontrolledfreemarketsand dismissing theroleernment-followingRonald ernmentistheproblem.Reganst ernmentisnotthesolutionto ourcourse,whe

40、n themarketscamecrashingdownin2007, itwassavedtheday. Despitethisfact, manyAmericansarestill stronglyed to If Americanscouldonlyfreethemselvesfromtheir ernmentdoctrine, theyo ttheU.S.sproblemsarenotinsoluble. Afewsensiblefederal measurescould thecountry back ontheright path. Asimple consumption taxo

41、f,say, 5percent wouldmakesignificanthecountrysernmentdeficit withoutdamaging productivity.Agasoline taxwould helpwean Americafromitsdependence on oil imports andcreate incentivesgreen energy hesameway,asignificant reductionof wastefulsubsidiesand other earmarkscould also lowerthedeficit. Butin order

42、 tocapitalizeon common-sensesolutions, Americanswillhavetoputasidetheir ownent tothe rhetoric ernmentandlessregulation. Americannswill havetodevelop thecourage followwhatistaughtinallAmericanpublic-policy t there aregoodtaxesand badAsiancountrieshaveembracedthiswisdom, andhavebuiltsoundlong-termfisc

43、alpoliciesasa Meanwhile,Europehasfallenpreyto a differentideological trap: theternmentswould alwayshave infiniteandcould continueborrowingasifthereweretomorrow.UnliketheAmericans, whot themarketsknew best,theEuropeansfailed ipatehow the marketswouldreact totheirsant borrowing.Today, theEUis firefigh

44、tingmodetostaveoffsovereign collapse.In concert withthe IMF, screated a billion fundto bailoutEuropestroubledeconomies. Thiswill buy theEU time, butitwill solvethe blocs57. scontributed tothe economicgrowth in China?A)Copyingwestern-styleeconomic61. Whatstheproblem with theEuropean ConservativeShrin

45、kingLackof siveIn2011,manyshopperschosetoavoidthecrowdsand dotheirholiday61. Whatstheproblem with theEuropean ConservativeShrinkingLackof siveIn2011,manyshopperschosetoavoidthecrowdsand dotheirholidayfrom comfort of theircomputer. Salesatonlineretailersgained by n 15%,makingit theseason ever. But pe

46、ople arealsoreturningthose purchasesat record rates, up8%fromlast Whatwent wrong? Isthe lingeringshadow oftheglobal l crisismakingrder acceptextravagant? t people shop moreimpulsivelyand thereforemakeswhenonline?rgumentsare plausible. However, there is athirdfactor:a of touch.Wecan lovethelookbut,in

47、anonlineenvironment,wecannotfeelthequalityofathe of thefit,thefall of afold or,tmatter, theweight of anearring.Anderacting nobject makesyou morecommitted to yourWhenmymostrecent bookBrandwashed wasreleased, I teameduplocalbookstoreexperience.conduct an experiment aboutthedifference n the online and

48、offline carefullyinstructedagroupof teersto promotemy wodifferentways.wasHeavy reliance on thehand Timelyreform allFreemarket 58.What doesRonald Reagan mean bysaying ernment is themany levilsarecaused by ernmentmanylproblemsariseernmentsernmentaction iskeyto solving economicernment regulationhinders

49、economic 59.What stopped theAmerican economyfromcollapsing in self-regulatory repairmechanismsof thefreeCooperationn ernmentand Abandonment ofernment bythe Effectivemeasuresadopted by 60. What isthe ggestion to the American public inface ofthe ernmentTheyurge ernmenttoreviseitsexistingpublic Theydev

50、elopgreen energytoavoiddependence on oilThey giveup theidea ofernmentandlessTheyput upwiththeinevitablesharp increase ofdifferentfairlyhands-pproach.Wheneveracustomer would inquireaboutmybook,theteertakethem overto the shelfand the toit.Outof 20suchrequests, sixcustomersproceededThesecond option als

51、o involvedertotheshelf but,thistime,removingthe bookthem subtly holdingonto itfor just anextrafairlyhands-pproach.Wheneveracustomer would inquireaboutmybook,theteertakethem overto the shelfand the toit.Outof 20suchrequests, sixcustomersproceededThesecond option also involvedertotheshelf but,thistime

52、,removingthe bookthem subtly holdingonto itfor just anextramoment beforeplacing hecustomershands. the20 peoplewhowerehanded thebook,13 ended up buyingit. Just physically passing the showedabig differenceinsales.Why?Wefeelsomething similartoasenseof ownershipwhenholdthingsinourtsstablishor reestablis

53、hconnectionbygreetingstrangersfriends hiscase, having tothen let go of thebook after holdingitgenerateasubtlesenseof loss, and motivateustomakethepurchaseeven Arecent study also revealed Adeeper and longer-lasting er ofhiscasewhen itcame to .of amessagewasformedwhen deliveredinaletter, edtoreceiving

54、 thesame messageonline.Brain imagingt, ontouchingthetheemotional center of thebrain ivated,thusforming astronger bond.Thestudy t oncees partofthes, it could oasense.Thissense of ownership issimplynot partofthe heonline52.Whydopeople prefer onlineaccordingto theItismorecomfortableand Itsavesthem alot

55、 of moneyandIt offersthemalotmoreoptionsandItgivesthem moretimeto thinkabouttheir 53. Why do morecustomersreturntheir purchasesbought A)Theyregrettedindulging incostly he.B)They changed their mindby thetimethegoodswere C)They hadnochance totouch themwhenD)Theylaterfound the quality of goodsbelow the

56、ir54. What is the e ofauthors A)Totest hishypothesisaboutonline.Tofindoutpeoplesreaction tohisrecentTofindwaystoincreasethe saleof hisnewTotrydifferentapproachestosales55. Howmightpeoplefeel afterlettinggo of something they A)Asenseof C)AsubtlelossB) More motivated toownD) LesssensitivetoitsWhat doe

57、s brainimagingin arecent study Conventional letterscontainsubtle B)Alack oftouch isthechief obstacle lacksthepotentialto activate theD) Physicaltouch helpsformasense.Apparentlyeveryonetglobalwarmingonlymakesclimatemoreextreme.Ahot, summer hastriggered anotherfloodof suchclaims.B) More motivated toow

58、nD) LesssensitivetoitsWhat does brainimagingin arecent study Conventional letterscontainsubtle B)Alack oftouch isthechief obstacle lacksthepotentialto activate theD) Physicaltouch helpsformasense.Apparentlyeveryonetglobalwarmingonlymakesclimatemoreextreme.Ahot, summer hastriggered anotherfloodof suc

59、hclaims.And,whileerestsareatwork,one the tbenefitsthemost from thisstory arethemedia: thenotion of “extreme”simply makesformore compellingaulKrugmanwriting heNew YorkTimesabout theincidenceof extreme events,” HetglobalwarmingcausedthecurrentdroughtAmericasMidwest, tedlyrecord-highcorncouldcauseaglob

60、alfoodButtheUnitedNationsclimatepanelslatest lsusprecisely the ite.merica thereis mediumttherehasan overall slighttendency towarddryness”Moreover, there isnot Krugmancould have identifiedthisdroughtascausedby globalwarmingimemachine;Climatestsuchdetection y 2048, atthe And,y,thisyearsdroughtappearsu