2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市二十一中学高一英语上学期期末试题含解析

1、2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市二十一中学高一英语上学期期末试题含解析一、 选择题1. _ it comes to Chinese films, we first think of the famous director Zhang Yimou. A. When B. While C. After D. Though参考答案：A略2. In _ 1960s, people living along the River failed to keep _ natural balance of the area.A. /; the B. the; a C. the; the D. /; a参考答案

2、：C3. He joined the firm as an office boy, but he gained rapid promotion, and _ a directorAended up Bended up in Cended up with Dended up as参考答案：D略4. Mike is a student at a famous university, _ for a doctor degree. A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying参考答案：B略5. By the end of las

3、t month, we had sold _ as we did next year.A. as twice many cars B. twice many as carsC. twice as many cars D. as many cars twice参考答案：C【详解】考查倍数。结构是：倍数+as+adj+as的用法。句意是：到上个月底为止，我们卖了去年两倍的小汽车，故选C。【点睛】英语倍数的表达法1. 用形容词表示甲是乙的几倍时，用下面三个句型，用副词表示则一般只用前两个句型。（1）倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+thanThis rope is twice longer than

4、that one这根绳的长度是那根绳的三倍。（比那根绳长二倍）（2）倍数+as+形容词（或 much）或副词+asAsia is four times as large as Europe亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。（3）倍数+the size（length，height）ofThis street is four times the length of that street这条街是那条街的四倍长。2. 要用名词表示“量”的倍数时，则用以下两个句型：（1）倍数+more+名词（可数，不可数）+thanThere are four times more books in our library t

5、han in yours我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们图书馆藏书的四倍。（我们图书馆藏书（2）倍数+as many（或much）+名词+其他+asAfter the technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many tractors in 1988 as the year before采用新的技术以后，那个工厂1988年生产的拖拉机是前一年的两倍。（比前一年增长一倍）6. I graduated from a normal university twenty years ago and_as a teacher ever si

6、nce. Awork Bworked Chave worked Dwas working参考答案：C7. All the money should be made use_the poor.A. of helping B. to help C. of to help D. to helping参考答案：C8. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settlingC. to settle D. being settled参考答案：C考

7、查with的独立主格结构。句意：有很多难题要解决，新任总统的日子不好过。考查非谓语动词。这是一个with复合结构。动词不定式to settle做定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在被解决的难题。所提供的语境the newly-elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题，所以要用to settle作定语。答案是C。【点睛】with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构

8、和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。with结构：with + 宾语（名词或代词）+ 宾补（介词短语，形容词，副词现在分词，过去分词，不定式）,是一个独立主格结构，在句中做状语，可表原因，伴随等。The teacher came in with a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书进来了。With a lot of work to do, I have no time go out with you.(不定 式表将来动作)有许多工作要做，我没时间和你一起出去。We found the house easily with the little boy leading the w

9、ay.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)9. The reason he was late was he missed the train.A that , why B that , that C why, that D why , why参考答案：C10. The _ expression on his face suggested that he was not abl

10、e to work out the _ problem.A. confused ; confusing B. confusing ; confused C. confused; confused D. confusing; confusing参考答案：A11. _ is no _ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A It, use B It, help C There, time D There, way参考答案：A12. the survivors in the traffic accident apprecia

11、ted the polices held before they left for their homes AThe most Bmost CA most of DA majority of参考答案：D13. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family membersA them B. that C. which D. whom参考答案：D14. -You havent done it well. -But I tried my best and did it _ the way _ I thought w

12、as the best.A. in, which B. by, in which C. by, in that D. in, what参考答案：A15. Dont call me at nine oclock tomorrow morning. I _ a speech to the students at that time.A. will be making B. have made C. make D. will have made参考答案：A略16. After much , the shop owner agreed to cut down the price by 20%. A.

13、debating B. talking C. discussing D. bargaining参考答案：D17. -What made him disappointed?- visit his grandmother at the weekend.A. Being not allowed to B. He had not been allowed toC. Having not been allowed to D. Not being allowed to参考答案：D二、 短文改错18. 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误，短文中有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增

14、加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US, that was very interested. One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. As the old ma

15、n looked over the things in the yard that was to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say, “25 cents each.” “You will never sell these for that much.” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moments delay

16、, my neighbor picked up the box but announced, “Ill take them.” 参考答案：My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US, that was a whichvery interested. One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come interesting cameby to help. As the old man looked over the t

17、hings in the yard that was to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say, “25 cents each.” “You will balls sayingnever sell these for that much.” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought the price up to 10 Convinced downcents a piece. Without a moment

18、s delay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced, “Ill his andtake them.” 1.story前加不定冠词a 因为单数可数名词一般不单独使用，表示一个，故加a。7.ConvincingConvinced convince为及物动词，应用过去分词作定语。8.updown 根据上下文，此处应是降价，故up改为down。9.myhis 根据前文此处应是his。10.butand but前后的动词是并列关系，故but改为and。【知识拓展】表示情感的现在分词和过去分词19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你

19、同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Editor。Im writing to tell you my opinions about water saving. Water is very importance. We and animals cant lived without it. Yet it

20、 seem that water is becoming less or less in some areas. In the world(many country find they dont have enough water.To deal with the problem, we should first to go out to plant trees because trees will help them save water. Next, drinking water shouldnt left running. Third,we should find ways to reu

21、se the water used in washing, especial some bath water, that will save much water.Sincerely yours,Li Hua参考答案：Dear Editor。Im writing to tell you my opinions about water saving. Water is very importance. We and important animals cant lived without it. Yet it seem that water is becoming less or less in

22、 some areas. In the lived seems andworld(many country find they dont have enough water. countries To deal with the problem, we should first to go out to plant trees because trees will help them to ussave water. Next, drinking water shouldnt left running. Third, we should find ways to reuse the bewat

23、er used in washing, especial some bath water, that will save much water. especially which Sincerely yours,Li Hua【分析】这是一篇说明文。水资源日益短缺，作者建议我们要多植树，节约用水，生活洗刷用水要重复使用。【详解】第一处：importance是名词，位于be动词is后作表语时常用其形容词形式，故将importanceimportant。第二处：考查动词。cant 是情态动词，其后要跟动词原形，故将livedlive。第三处：考查主谓一致。主语是it，单三形式，故将seemseems

24、。第四处：考查连词。句意：在一些地区，水似乎越来越少了。两个比较级间用and连接表述“越来越”，less and less越来越少，故将orand。第五处：考查名词。country是可数名词，其前有many修饰，名词要用复数形式，故将countrycountries。第六处：考查介词。should是情态动词，其后用动词原形，因此to是多余的，故将to去掉。第七处：考查代词。结合上下文语境可知，种树可以帮助我们节约用水，故将themus。第八处：考查语态。主语water与leave之间是被动关系，用被动语态be done，其前有情态动词，因此be用原形，故在left前加be。第九处：考查副词。e

25、special是形容词，此处是作状语，要用副词，故将especialespecially。第十处：考查定语从句。这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是water，做从句的主语，that不能用于非限制性定语从句，故将thatwhich。【点睛】情态动词也是高考考点，是比较容易掌握的动词的形式之一，情态动词的基本用法是：其后跟动词原形；没有人称的变化；情态动词可用于对过去的推测。这些共性有利于加强考生的运用能力，本文中对情态动词的考查较多，其中第二处，六处，八处均涉及到情态动词后跟动词原形这一用法。三、 阅读理解20. Andy Pope,a police community support offic

26、er for West Midlands Police,in the UK,has come to be known as a memory policeman for his surprising memory,which has helped him successfully recognize over 850 suspects（嫌疑犯）in the last four years.Every day,Pope arrives at work half an hour early,opens his computer,and scans the pictures of suspects

27、in his computer.He has been doing it even since he joined the West Midlands Police in 2013,and as his brain stores more faces,hrs record of recognizing bad guys keeps getting better.His skill has made him special,and when policemen use up all other possible ways trying to put a name to a suspects fa

28、ce,they tum to him.If you look at a picture enough times,there is usually something that sticks in the mind.Maybe I cant remember what it is at the time,but when I see the person in the flesh,it causes that recognition,Pope says.He once recognized a robber whose photo he had looked at a year before,

29、and another from a CCTV video,by a tiny mole（痣）on his face.Andy Pope first attracted the attention of the media in 2017 after recognizing about 250 suspects.But according to a recent ITV report,Popes record has improved in the last four years.I thought I was just normal until inspector Morris told m

30、e I was recognizing more people than anyone else, Pope told The Telegraph in 2017.I dont know whether I have a photographic memory.My wife has to deal with things like birthdays.When it comes to remembering dates,Im useless.1. If work starts at 8:30,Pope will always reach the West Midlands Police at

31、 .A. 7:00 B. 7:30C. 8:00 D. 8:302. What is Popes special skill?A. Good memory for faces. B. Good communication ability.C. Playing with computers D. Being good at taking photos.3. What can we learn from the text?A. Pope can remember anything he has seen.B. Pope has recognized 250 suspects in total in

32、 the past four years.C. Popes wife isnt satisfied with him because he is always useless.D. The suspect with a tiny mole on his face never escaped from Popes recognition.4. What may be the best title for the text?A. A Policeman with Super Memory B. Policemen and RobbersC. Policemen in the UK D. A Hap

33、py Life of a Policeman参考答案：1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了警员Andy Pope 对人脸有着非凡的记忆能力，在过去四年中凭借此种记忆力成功辨认出850余名嫌疑犯，并因此成名。1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“Every day, Pope arrives at work half an hour early”“每天，Pope提前半小时工作”可知，若8：30开始工作，则Pope会在8点到达办公室。故选C。.2. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“has come to be known as a memory policeman for

34、his surprising memory,which has helped him successfully recognize over 850 suspects（嫌疑犯）in the last four years.”“因他令人惊奇的记忆力而被称为记忆警察，这帮助他在过去四年中成功地辨认出850余名嫌疑犯”可知，Pope的特长是善于记忆人脸。故选A。3. 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“another from a CCTV video,by a tiny mole（痣）on his face.”“通过嫌疑犯脸上的一颗小痣便辨认出CCTV视频中的嫌疑犯”可知脸上有痣的嫌疑犯并未逃脱Pop

35、e的法眼，D正确。根据最后一段可知Pope并不擅长记忆日期，所以A“Pope能记住他看到的任何东西”说法错误。根据第一段“Pope在过去四年中辨认出850余名嫌疑犯”可知，B“Pope在过去四年中总共辨认出250名嫌疑犯”说法错误。C选项文中并未说明。故选D。4. 主旨大意题。根据全文对Pope的介绍可知，他是一名拥有超强人脸记忆的警察，所以本文主要讲述的是Pope的记忆力。故选A。【名师点睛】细节理解题：细节题的发问具体，涉及内容五花八门，通常采用以疑问词开头的特殊疑问句或不完全句的形式，有时即便不是以what，which，how等疑问词引导的问句，也是以变相的问句对这类事实或细节进行提问。

36、如：本文的第2题，是以what疑问词引导的问句，根据第一段中“has come to be known as a memory policeman for his surprising memory,which has helped him successfully recognize over 850 suspects（嫌疑犯）in the last four years.”“因他令人惊奇的记忆力而被称为记忆警察，这帮助他在过去四年中成功地辨认出850余名嫌疑犯”可知，Pope的特长是善于记忆人脸。故选A。21. Sharon, Aged 22The most important thing

37、 to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I dont know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have in one night. Its best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely s

38、o you can achieve everything you need to.Frank, Aged 21I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck!Eddie, Aged 2

39、0When I started high school， I was really nervous too, especially since I had been homeschooled all through middle school and didnt really know anyone. I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier before you know i

40、t.David, Aged 19Im not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening (令人恐惧的). But youll get used to it. Dont be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know youre afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week， its really not bad at all. Dont worry.1. What can we infer from Sharon about high school?A. Teacher