组织行为学(双语)课程CH04-Job-attitudes课件

1、Chapter 4 Job AttitudesEssentials of Organizational Behavior, 10/eStephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. JudgeChapter 4 Essentials of After studying this chapter, you should be able to:Contrast the three components of an attitude. Summarize the relationship between attitudes and behavior.Compare and contra

2、st the major job attitudes.Define job satisfaction and show how it can be measured.Summarize the main causes of job satisfaction and identify four employee responses to dissatisfaction.Show whether job satisfaction is a relevant concept in countries other than the United States.After studying this c

3、hapter, yAttitudesEvaluative statements either favorable or unfavorable concerning objects, people or eventsAttitudes reflect how one feels about somethingAttitudesEvaluative statementsThree Main Components of AttitudesCognition an opinion or belief“I just found out I am paid 20% less than my cowork

4、ers.”Affect the emotional or feeling segment associated with that belief“I feel angry that I am not being treated fairly.”Behavior the intention to behave in a certain way“I am going to quit this job soon as I can, and I am taking the red stapler with me!”Three Main Components of AttiAttitudes Follo

5、w Behavior:Cognitive DissonanceAny inconsistency between two or more attitudes, or between behavior and attitudesIndividuals seek to minimize dissonanceThe desire to reduce dissonance is determined by:The importance of the elements creating the dissonanceThe degree of influence the individual believ

6、es he or she has over the elementsThe rewards that may be involved in dissonanceAttitudes Follow Behavior:CogBehavior Follows Attitudes:Moderating VariablesThe most powerful moderators of the attitude-behavior relationships are:ImportanceCorrespondence to behaviorAccessibilitySocial pressuresDirect

7、personal experienceKnowing attitudes helps predict behaviorBehavior Follows Attitudes:MoMajor Job AttitudesJob SatisfactionJob InvolvementPsychological EmpowermentOrganizational CommitmentAffective commitmentContinuance commitmentNormative commitmentPerceived Organizational Support (POS)Employee Eng

8、agementMajor Job AttitudesJob SatisfaMeasuring Job SatisfactionSingle Global Rating MethodOnly a few general questionsRemarkably accurateSummation Score MethodIdentifies key elements in the job and asks for specific feeling about themMeasuring Job SatisfactionSingWhat Causes Job Satisfaction?The Wor

9、k Itself the strongest correlation with overall satisfactionPay not correlated after individual reaches a level of comfortable livingAdvancementSupervisionCoworkersWhat Causes Job Satisfaction?TThe Consequences of DissatisfactionExitVoiceNeglectLoyaltyPassive to ActiveDestructive to ConstructiveThe

10、Consequences of DissatisfaThe Benefits of SatisfactionBetter job and organizational performanceBetter organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB Discretionary behaviors that contribute to organizational effectiveness, but are not part of employees formal job description)Greater levels of customer sat

11、isfactionGenerally lower absenteeism and turnoverDecreased instances of workplace devianceThe Benefits of SatisfactionBeGlobal ImplicationsIs job satisfaction a U.S. concept?Cross-cultural differences do exist but job satisfaction seems to be a global concernAre employees in Western cultures more sa

12、tisfied with their jobs?Yes, but that may be due to the greater value Westerners put on positive emotions and happiness.Global ImplicationsIs job satiImplications for ManagersEmployee attitudes give warnings of potential problems and influence behaviorSatisfied and committed employees exhibit behavi

13、ors that increase organizational outcomesManagers must measure job attitudes in order to improve themMost important elements a manager can focus on are the intrinsic parts of the job: making the work challenging and interestingHigh pay is not enough to create satisfactionImplications for ManagersEmp

14、loKeep in MindIndividuals have many kinds of attitudes about their job. Job satisfaction is related to organizational effectiveness.Most employees are satisfied with their jobs, but when they are not, a host of actions in response to the satisfaction might be expected.Keep in MindIndividuals have Su

15、mmaryContrasted the three components of an attitude. Summarized the relationship between attitudes and behavior.Compared and contrasted the major job attitudes.Defined job satisfaction and showed how it can be measured.Summarized the main causes of job satisfaction and identified four employee responses to dissatisfaction.Showed that job satisfaction is a relevant concept in countries other than the United States.SummaryContrasted the three co All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored