虚拟语气导学案及答案

1、M6 U3 Grammar Unreal conditionals 虚拟语气【学习目标】Students are expected to learn when to use Unreal conditionals and how to use Unreal conditionals .【知识准备】英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用 来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件， 不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。条件状语从句分类条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句 表示的是假设或

2、实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。eg:1. If he doesnt hurry up,he will miss the bus.2.If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.3.If I were you,I would go at once.4.If there were no air,people would die.以上四句中 和 是真实语气； 和 是虚拟语气【自主探究】一、状语从句中的虚拟语气（一）if引导的条件状语从句1 If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If I were yo

3、u, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.If he had come earlier, he wouldnt have missed the first bus.If the headmaster came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.I

4、f he should make a mistake, you should not blame him.与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相一感悟：与现在事实相反If I were a doctor, I might save her life without hesitation.If I stayed at home now, I could play computer games.总结形式：时态if条件从句主句与现在事实相反动词用过去式be (were)Would /could/should /might +动词原形练一练： If I were .If I had time .

5、,译一译：1.要是他现在在这儿，我们就会问他关于这件事。If he were here now , we would ask him about it .即使她现在在这儿，她也不能解决这个问题。Even though she were/was here , she couldnt solve the problem. 感悟：与过去事实相反If I had earned a lot of money last year, I would have bought a car.If the earthquake hadnt happened in Wen chuan in 2008, many pe

6、ople wouldnt have lost families.总结形式:时态if条件从句主句与过去事实相反动词用过去兀成式would /could/should /might(not) +have done练一练：1. If the farmer hadnt seen the snake, he(not put) it in the arms.If he(not put) it in the arms, the snake wouldnt have bitten him.If the snake(not bite) him, he(not die).4.If my lawyer(not be

7、 here ) last Saturday , he(prevent ) me from going .4如果我好好学习如果昨天我听你的建议，如果我更小心地开车，如果上个月没下雨，.感悟：与将来事实相反In the future, if I had 10,000,000 yuan, I would buy a house.If the water in the Pacific Ocean were to be poured out, it wouldnt stop my love.If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.

8、总结形式：时态if条件从句主句与将来事实相反练一练：If everyone(help) those in need in future, the world would be a much better place.If it(be) fine this weekend, we would have a picnic.If I(be admit to) a famous university in two years, I would treat you to a big meal.If it(snow) tomorrow, we would go skiing.译一译：1.如果我今天下午看见

9、他了，我会告诉他的。要是我将来赚了一千万，我就自己建立一个学校。他要是敢解雇我，我就泄露他所有的秘密。：条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were, had, should时，可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他If I were you, I would try it again. , I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.there yesterday, he would have seen the film.If it should snow

10、 tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.注意：在省略句型中，只有had done的had才能省略，实义动词had不能省。1If I had time now, I would go to the library. Had I time now,(误).错综时间条件句：假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不 一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。If the weather had been fined, the crops would be growing still b

11、etter.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you(know) what we are doing now.4.If you(take) my advice then, you( 现在就不会有 麻烦了) her husband (kill) in the war, she would not be helping others with housework now.：含蓄条件句：有

12、时虚拟的条件不是通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，如 without, but for, or , otherwise等，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。But for electricity ( = If it were not for electricity ), there would be no modern industry.Without your help (If it had not been for your help), we could not have succeed.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part

13、 in the sports meet.Key: 1. would not have put2. had not put 3. had not bitten/would not have diedhad not been here /would not have prevented练一练：填入合适的动词形式。Without air, there no life on the earth. (be)He but for his teachers timely advice. (fail)We the work better in that case. (do)He would have come

14、 to see you yesterday morning but he an importantmeeting to attend. (have)Key:1) would be 2) would have failed 3) would have done 4) had【巩固提升】当堂训练：If you(speak) to him last time you saw him, you(know) what to do now.If I(have not ) so much work to do , I(not miss) the film last night.If you(hesitate

15、) this moment, you(suffer) in future.If Mary(arrive) today, she must have started three days ago.If it(snow) last night, it(be) very cold today.-Why didnt he come?He but she didnt have time. (come)She would put on weight but she(not eat ) enough.Key: 1.had spoken 2.had not had /would not have missed

16、 3.hesitated /would suffer 4.arrivedhad snowed /would be 6.would have come 7.didnt eat如果我早上出门带钱了，现在就不如此尴尬了。要不是你的帮助，我是不会成功通过考试的。她感觉不舒服，不然她不会那么早离开会场的。如果他没有生病并且错过了那么多的课，他就会取得更大的进不了。如果不是你的建议，我们不可能克服这些困难。如果不是窗户开着睡觉，你就不会感冒了。我不知道他的电话号码，否则的话，我就会给他打电话了。如果不是英语老师的帮助，我们就不可能赢得英语写作竞赛一等奖了。如果我们继续这样折腾地球，我们将来将无立足之地。单

17、项选择Were it not for the snowy weather, we all right.A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may bemore careful, his ship would not have sunk.A. If the captain wereB. Had the captain beenC. Should the captain beD. If the captain would have beenIf he me tomorrow, I would let him know.A. should call B

18、. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not ableIf you asked your father, you permission.A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe gettoday, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leavingC. Were he to leave D. If he leaves6.I you, I would go with him to the

19、 party.A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. WereHad Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would beIf the horse won today, it thirty races in five years.A. would have won B. won C. must have won D. did have wonThere is a rea

20、l possibility that these animals could be frightened,a sudden loud noise.A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having beenIf you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, wed there by now.A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circlingGeorge would certainly have attended the meet

21、ing,.A. if he didnt get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadnt happenedC. had he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itselfWithout electronic computers, much of todays advanced technology.A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achievedC. would not have been achieved D. had not be

22、en achievedHe was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting.A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had comeIf I had seen the movie, I you all about it now.A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have toldshe yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.A. If, didnt leave B.

23、 Had not, left C. Hadnt, left D. Didnt, leaveIf you smoke, please go outside because this is a non-smoking office.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. mayIf Sanlu Group melamine to the milk, the babies too much from kidney stone.A. didnt add; would not sufferedB. hadnt added; wouldnt have sufferedC. hasnt added

24、; wouldnt have sufferedD. hadnt added; would have sufferedIf the printer break down under guarantee, we would repair it at our expense.A. mayB. couldC. mightD. shouldI the poor rabbit, but I didnt have the right drugs with me at that moment.A. savedB. had savedC. could saveD. could have saved. But f

25、or your timely warning, weinto great trouble.You know were friends.A. would get B. must have got C. would have got D. couldnt have got- You promised to come to my dinner party last night but you didnt turn up.-I, but something unexpected happened just before I left.A. would like to have B. should like to C. am going to D. like toPity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A. attended B. had attended C. would a