语法填空专项训练时态语态

1、语法填空专项训练-时态语态时态。时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是经过动词形式自己的变化来实现的。英语中常用的时态有16种，但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有十种：10种时态组成(以do为主要用法例)一般此刻时do/does常常性或习惯性动作，客观事实，此刻的状态一般过去时did在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态一般未来时will/shalldo在未来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态过去未来时woulddo在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态此刻进行时am/is/are表示此刻或现阶段正在发生的动作doing过去进行时was/were表示在过

2、去某一时间内正在进行的动作doing未来进行时will/shallbe表示未来某一时间正在进行的动作doing此刻达成时have/hasdone表示以前已发生或达成的动作或状态，其结果的影响此刻还存在；也可表示连续到此刻的动作或状态过去达成时haddone表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或达成的动词，即“过去的过去”此刻达成进行have/hasbeen表示一个从过去就开始向来连续到此刻时doing并有可能连续下去的动作语态。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词”组成，不一样时态的被动语态的形式由be来表现，如

3、一般过去时的被动语态就是“was/were+过去分词”，一般未来时的被动语态就是“willbe+过去分词”。解题技巧在语法填空中，一般有一空是考察谓语动词的时态，同时有一空是考察非谓语动词，所以，第一要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词仍是非谓语动词；假如谓语动词，一是依据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态仍是用被动语态，二是依据详细的语境来判断用哪一种时态，从而确立所填动词的形式。例1：Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheirnaturalcourse.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(resul

4、t)inthecontrarytoourintention.(2008广东)剖析：因句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是动名词短语作主语，括号中的result应该为谓语动词；主语与谓语动词是主动关系，再说短语动词resultin自己是不可以用于被动语态的，故用主动语态；依据语境，这段话是拔苗滋长这个成语故事所说明的道理，“我们一定让事物沿着它们的自然进度发展。太焦急帮助一件事物发展，结果常常和我们的企图相反（欲速则不达）。”这是客观真谛，应该用一般此刻时，主语是第三人称单数，故填results。例2：Thepolicemansattentionwassu

5、ddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich_(place)undertheMinisterscar.(2005广东)剖析：代替thebox的关系代词which在定语从句中作主语，place应该为谓语动词；因主语which(thebox)与place(搁置)是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因place这个动作发生在wascaught这个动作以前，即“过去的过去”，用过去达成时的被动语态，故填hadbeenplaced。一、单句填空：用所给动词的适合形式填空。1.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe?_(notlive)hereanymore.(全国I)2.This

6、machine_(notwork).Ithasntworkedforyears.(浙江)3.Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they_(increase)theirsalesby20percent.(全国)4.Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeople_(live)incitiesinthenearfuture.(上海春)He_(play)footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.(天津)-HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?-Yes,sinceshe_(

7、join)theChineseSociety.(宁夏)7.Teenagers_(damage)theirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.(重庆)8.IcalledHnnahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldntgetthrough.Herbrother_(talk)onthephoneallthetime!(湖南)9.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe_(notsmoke),andhehassmokedeversince.(北京)Bythistimetomorrow,I_(lie)onthebe

8、achSofarthisyearwe_(see)afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(福建)12.Thehotelwasntparticularlygood.ButI_(stay)inmanyworsehotels.(北京)13.Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe_(know)eachotherforyears.(辽宁)14.-ImsureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.-Ithinkso.He_(prepare)foritformont

9、hs.(江苏)15.Thetelephone_(ring),butbythetimeIgotindoors,itstopped.(四川)16.-Didyougototheshowlastnight?-Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea_(invite).(陕西)-Whatsthatnoise?Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine_(test).(浙江)18.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey_(teach)manytimesontheradio.(安徽)二、语篇填空阅读下边短文，依据句子构造的语法性和上下文连接的要求

10、，在空格处填入一个适合的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3140的相应地点上。(以动词时态为主)(1)It?wasgettingdarkwhenIgothome.ItwascoldandI1_(wear)acoat.Iwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypocket2_(take)outmykey3_Icouldntfindit.IsuddenlyrememberedthatI?hadleft4_onmydeskintheoffice.Itreallydidntmake5_difference.Iknewmywifewasathom

11、eandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschool6_now,soIknocked?atthedoor.Therewasnoanswer,soIknockedagain.I7_(continue)knockingtheofficeboyhadtoldmeatnoon.Hesaidthatmywife8_(phone)?sayingthatshe9_(go)shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildren.Therewasonlyonethingforme?todo:Ihadtoclimein10_window.(2)Whenhewasa

12、littleboy,ChristopherCockerelloncewatchedhismother1_(turn)thewheelofhersewing-machinewithherhand.“Wouldntitwork2_(quick)ifamachineturnedthewheelforyou?”heasked.“Isupposeitwould,”saidhismother,without3_(pay)himanyattention.Christopher4_(know)shealwayshadalotofwork,andhewanted5_(help)her.Upinhisbedroo

13、mtherewasatoysteam-enginewhichhisfatherhadbought6_asagift.“I7_(make)betteruseofit,”littleChristophersaidtohimself.So,whenhismother8_(notuse)hersewing-machine,hefixedthetoysteam-engineontoit.Whenthejob9_(finish),hewasquitepleased,?10_(think)hismother11_(like)it.“Veryclever,”hismothersaid,whenshesawit.Thenshesatdo