四级冲刺班听力讲义word版

1、四级听力考前冲刺课程讲义主讲：高媛 .听力考试内容简介Section A 短对话 8个长对话 2个Section B 短文理解题 3个Section C 复合式听写 8个+3个一、Section A 短对话讲解 （一）正确答案特征：（看选项原则） 1、绝对选项绝对不选E.g.:（1） Everyone uses only one form of communication. （2）the more you listen to music, the higher you test scores will be.2、反义、近义或形似选项中的一项是正确答案（1）A) Only true friend

2、ship can last long. B) Letter writing is going out of style. C) She keeps in regular touch with her classmates. D) She has lost contact with most of he old friends.CD为反义举例（2） A) He is pleased with his exciting new job. B) He finds the huge workload unbearable. C) He finds his office much big for him

3、. D) He is not so excited兴奋的 about his new position.AD为反义选项（3）A) The man hates to lend his tools to other people. B) The man has not finished working on the bookshelf. 书架 C) The tools have already been returned to the woman. D) The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.CD为关联选项，关于工具的两个状态（

4、4）A) The man has never seen the woman before. B) The two speakers work for the same company. C) The two speakers work for the same floor. D) The woman is interested in market research. 研究；调查BC为形似选项（5）A) It was about a little animal.B) It took her six years to write.C) It was adapted from a fairy tal

5、e神话传说.D) It was about a little girl and her pet.AD为形似选项3、四级词汇的代替选项是正确答案例如：book=reserve 预订（二）听题原则1.转折原则：正确答案出现在转折词but之后 （but之后的句子一定要听懂）2.光明原则: 用在车祸或灾难题中，人受小伤（考点） 小：slight/minor 伤:injury/wound3.受挫原则：野餐-下雨（受挫才有考点） 订房间-客满（full/fully booked) 买票-卖光（sell out) 交通状况-堵车（traffic jam)（三）短对话场景1、学校场景人: fresh（man）

6、新来的人 sophomore junior senior undergraduate本科生，在校生 graduate 研究生 postgraduate 研究生 lecturer讲师 professor教授 dean 系主任，院长专业: History Chemistry kemstr Mathematics Architecture/architect 建筑师 Literature Philosophy Psychology/psychologist 课程分类: optional course 选修课 required course 必修课 day course evening course

7、作业4: assignment任务作业 paper论文考卷报纸 essay论文 presentation小演讲考试: middle exam mid-term exam final exam oral test口语考试 make up补考 pop test突袭考，随堂考成绩3：score/grade/mark （make up原：弥补，引申:化妆）pop corn 例题A) He wishes to have more courses like it.B) He finds it hard to follow the teacher.跟不上老师听不懂C) He wishes the teach

8、er would talk more.D) He does not like the teachers accent口音.原文W: You took an optional course this semester, didnt you? How is it going?M: Terrible! It seems like the more the professor talks, the less I understand.Q: How did the man feel about the course?2、饭店场景 restaurant place cafkfe eat out下馆子 ma

9、ke a reservation预定 book a table 预定位子 waiter waitress menu order 点菜 appetizer开胃菜ptaz main course主菜 dessert甜点 knife 刀 fork叉子 spoon汤勺 chopsticks 筷子 check the bill 买单 change 找零 （charge费用 指控） treat n/v 招待，款待 （ its my treat this time.这次我请客）例题一：A) They are both anxious焦虑的 to try Italian food.对什么渴望B) They a

10、re likely to have dinner together.可能C) The man will treat the woman to dinner tonight.D) The woman refused to have dinner with the man.原文：M：Mary, would you join me for dinner tonight?W: You treated me lasted week. Now its my turn. Shall we try something Italian?Q: What do we learn from the passage?例

11、题二A) Looking for找 查询a timetable.B) Buying some furniture.C) Reserving a table.预定位子D) Window shopping.只看不买的购物（隔着玻璃看的购物）原文M: Have you a table for four?W: Certainly. Sir. A corner table or would you rather 还是偏爱be near the window?Q: What is the man doing?3、工作场景 apply for a job resume简历 letter of applica

12、tion申请信 简历申请信对应找工作 interview interviewer interviewee offer聘用信 work overtime加班 complain ask for a raise 加薪 fire解雇 resign from a position辞职 promotion升职 laid off lay off下岗 retirement退休 钱：wage日薪 salary月薪，年薪 allowance津贴，生活费 bonus 奖金 annual income年收入假期：annual leave年假 sick leave 病假 paid vacation带薪假 break短休

13、例题一A) He wants to get a new position工作.B) He is asking the woman for help.C) He has left the woman a good impression印象.D) He enjoys letter writing写信.原文M: I spent so much time polishing抛光擦亮修改 my letter of application.W: Its worthwhile to make the effort. You know how important it is to give a good im

14、pression. 简历申请信对应找工作Q: What do we learn from the passage?例题二A) He is rather相当地 disappointed失望的沮丧的.B) He is highly ambitious很大的雄心抱负.C) He can not face up to the situation.正视面对这样的情况D) He knows his own limitation.局限限制知道自己的不足原文：W: Arent you disappointed that you didnt get the promotion?M: Maybe a little

15、, but I know I need more experience经验 before Im ready for that kind of responsibility.责任准备付起这样的责任之前Q: What do we know about the man from the conversation?4、飞机场场景book reserve destination目的地 timetable时刻表 flight 航班one-way ticket单程票 round trip ticket 往返票first class business class economy class direct fl

16、ight non-stop flight 直航 transfer exchange check-in检票 boarding card登机牌 luggage counter行李柜台 security check安检 take off起飞 departure air hostess空姐 safety belt安全带 landing着陆 pick up接机 （hold up支撑，耽搁 end up with以.结束 put up with容忍-tolerate ） delay postpone 晚点 cancel取消例题A)The man went to a wrong check-in count

17、er.B) The man has just missed错过 his flight航班.C) The plane will leave 起飞at 9:14.D) The planes departure起飞 time remains依然 unknown.原文：M: Is this the check-in counter for flight 914 to Los Angles?W: Yes. But Im sorry the flight is delayed because of a minor mechanical problem. Please wait for further no

18、tice.Q: What do we learn from the passage?5、场景补充：医疗场景：病：cold, fever, flu, headache, toothache, sore throat, stomachache, heart attack, twisted ankle扭脚， high blood pressure, bld地点：clinic诊所, Emergency Room急诊室，Waiting Room候诊室，人：patient，client，physician , surgeon , psychologist,科室：surgeon外科， dentist牙科药：

19、pill药丸，tablet药片, liquid液体状的药，powder粉末状的药，mixture混合剂，injection注射，operation手术make an appointment预约人(与make a reservation物区别)，annual check up体检 住房场景：apartment公寓，for rent往外租, to rent自己要租房，shop to let有店要出租suburb效区，downtown市中心rural效区的，urban市里的，furnished配备家具的，blackout断电，leak漏landlord房东，landlady二、Section A 长

20、对话讲解 （答句很重要）（一）顺序原则 第一题 前三四句（前7句，极限）（二）逻辑很重要 （这样的句子要重点听（二三条）1.比较逻辑 同等比较逻辑：asas the same as 不同等比较逻辑: prefer A to B 更喜欢A而不是B rather than B 而不是B 2.转折逻辑: but however although despite 尽管dspat3.因果逻辑: because since由于既然 as so due to由于 thanks to多亏幸亏 （三）强调处很重要 A result in B结果是B B result from A由于A1.高频词(反复听到的词)

21、：短小选项听高频词(一定要符合顺序原则)2.排比句 短小选项（选项单词量三个左右，选项里的关键词是同一类词）3.强调词 表唯一：only唯一的 uniqueju:ni:kjnik独一无二的 perfect完美的 最高级：most best4.数字 (比如时间) 5.语气词： well(well一般表示否定) oh （一般表示惊讶，没有想到）例题一 （看选项1是不是短小选项或形似选项或近义反义选项或总结四个选项共同在说什么事2根据逻辑选项之间推答案3两个选项是包含关系选大范围的）1.A) She is worried about the seminar. semn研讨会 B) The man k

22、eeps interrupting her.持续做某事一直在打扰她姐被打扰 C) She finds it too hard. 从选项看出都在体现女人负面的状态 D) She lacks interest in it. 第一题重点前三句要听姐是那种负面情绪2. A) The lecturers are boring.讲师 B) The course is poorly designed.设计的差 C) She prefers Philosophy to English. D) She enjoys Literature more.文学 推出听女人，CD相似选项关键词学科3.A) Karens

23、friend. B) Karens parents. 短小选项听高频词，由于第三题， C) Karens lecturers. 要听原文中下部反复提到的词 D) Karen herself.4.A) Changing her major.主修专业 B) Spending less of her parents money. C) Getting transferred转 to the English Department.系 AC相似选项， D) Leaving the university. 听提没提换专业 还是换英语专业原文： M: Hey, Karen, you are not real

24、ly reading it, are you?W: Pardon?M: The book, you havent turned the page in the last ten minutes.W: No Jim, I suppose I havent. I need to get through it though but I keep drifting away. 慢慢散去-走神了 通过 完成M: So it doesnt hold your interesting?W: No, not really完全没有 问:有没有/没有吗? 都是回答:yes有，no没有 不用管是不是反义疑问句 W:

25、Yeah, in a way. But the course itself isnt really that bad. A lot of it is pretty good in fact and lectures are fine. Its me, I suppose. I wanted to do Philosophy rather than English. W: oh, they had my best interests at heart of course, my parents. They always do, dont they? They believe that my jo

26、b prospects would have been pretty limited with a degree in Philosophy. Plus, they give me a really generous allowance. But I am beginning to feel that Im wasting my time and their money. They would be so disappointed失望的，沮丧的though if 如果I told them I was quitting.放弃例题二 quite = game up1. A) It was abo

27、ut a little animal. B) It took her six years to write. 花了六年的时间去写C) It was adapted from a fairy tale. 改编自 仙女传说-神话四个选项主语书D) It was about a little girl and her pet. AD形似关键词动物女孩，听是哪个2. A) She knows how to write best-selling novels.-第一题的书是一本小说 B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults. C) She

28、is able to win enough support from publishers.赢得足够的支持从出版商 D) She can make a living by doing what she likes.谋生3.A) The characters. 考点是姐能干什么，是一个表能力的动作，B) Her ideas. 听的目标是姐能干什么听原文中上部分能字后的句子C) The readers.D) Her life experiences.经历 短小选项听中下部高频词4.A) She doesnt really know where they originated起源来源 选项两个主语

29、B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints.利用 古代圣人 C) They popped out of her childhood dreams.产生 来自于 D) They grew out of her long hours of thinking.生成与 来自于原文 考灵感的来源M: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write? And what was your first book?W: I wrote my first Finnish (finished

30、) story when I was about six. It was about a small animal, a rabbit, I mean. And Ive been writing ever since? W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness. Step one would be finding out what you love doing most. Step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this. I consider myself very lucky

31、 indeed to be able to support myself by writing W:The ideas come first. So it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next.M: where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come from?W: Ive no ideas where the ideas came from. 三、Section B 短文理解 在文体上，短文理解分为记叙文和说明文。（一）记叙文1、选项特点 （用来判断是不是记叙文） （1）选项句子结构完

32、整。 （2）选项句子的主语通常是he/she/the man/the woman. （3）选项句子中通常含有时间地点和人物名。2、原则 （通过选项特点判断是继续文后用记叙文听题原则去解题） （1）听即所得（90%第一题听到什么选什么） （2）顺序原则 （3）转折原则：but however although despite （4）因果原则: because since as so due to thanks to （5）主旨原则: 三句话首二尾一例题 先总结每道题各选项共同在说什么事,找到要听的关键词,再有目的地听1.A) He suffered from mental illness.遭受

33、前七句话，就听男人 B) He bought The washington post.这个报社 C) He turned a failing newspaper into a success. D) He was once一旦曾经a reporter记者 for a major newspaper. 报纸 报社2.A) She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.出版公司 B) She got her first job as a teacher at the University of C) She commit

34、ted suicide自杀because of her mental disorder.混乱-精神病 D) She took over接管 her fathers position when he died. 听女人干了什么3. A) People came to想起共计see the role of women in the business world.这题要翻B) Katharine played a major part in扮演角色reshaping重塑Americans mind观念.C) American media 媒体would be quite different with

35、out Katharine.D) Katharine had exerted运用发挥an important influence on the world. 原文 都在讲K的伟大贡献-K的作用，重点是考在哪一方面的作用 Katharine Graham graduated from the University of Chicago in 1938 and got a job as a news reporter in San Francisco. Katharines father used to be a successful investment banker. In 1933 he b

36、ought a failing newspaper - The Washington Post. In the 1970s, the newspaper became famous around the world. And Katharine was also recognized as an important leader in newspaper publishing. She was the first woman to head a major American publishing company -The Washington Post Company. In a few ye

37、ars, 要同义替换 Her friends said she would be remembered as a woman who had an important influence on events in the United Stated and the world. Katharine Graham once wrote: The world without newspapers would not be the same king of world. After her death, the employees of The Washington Post wrote: The

38、world without Katharine will not be the same at all. （二）说明文 (相比于前两种长段子说明文转折因果很重要)1、选项特征（1）选项句子结构不完整（2）选项句子的主语一般是it/they. （他俩开头一般考的是特点）（3）选项通常是以to/by/as为开始. (表:目的/方式/原因)2、原则（1）听即所得 (比记叙文更符合)（2）顺序原则 大部分说明文最后一道题答案来源于最后一句话（3）转折原则：but however although despite（4）因果原则: because since as so due to thanks to（

39、5）主旨原则：首三尾二例题一 (说明文翻译意义不大1不好翻2翻完找不到共同话题,再讲谁讲什么)（所以第一题不用翻，第二题长得整齐划词，不整齐翻译下看关键词，翻不出来找共同结构，最后一道题答案大部分来源于最后一句话）1. A） To protect保护persons and property. 听即所得,四个To do sth,B） To collect taxes.目的是为了收税 听to do什么就选什么C） To teach and train citizens.培训 公民D） To save natural resources for future use. 2. A） By sellin

40、g出售 services that make life comfortable.通过 BC近义选项B） By selling land containing oil.包含C） By selling public lands. D） By selling coal and other natural products产品商品. 煤 自然资源(长相整齐的选项不用翻,因为能直接找到关键词，D中只要coal一个词做关键词，因为能与其他项构成不同就行）3. A） Environmental pollution and protection. 四个选项都是名词性结构（n.+n.）B） Taxes and

41、services for the public. 那么这个题一定是主旨题C） Police efforts to protect people. 即段落大意，这个段子讲了什么D） Peoples attitude toward taxes. 首三尾二原文 We use all sort of services without thinking how we get them. But such services cost money. We pay for them through taxes. What would happen if everyone in a city stopped p

42、aying taxes? The water supply would stop. There would be no police force to protect people and property. Years ago the government made money from the sale出售 of public lands. But most of the best public lands has now been sold. The money raised was used to help pay he cost of government. There are st

43、ill some public lands that contain oil, coal, gas, and other natural products. They could be sold, but we want to save them for future years. So we all must pay our share分享份额 for the services that make our lives comfortable. 例题二 （当碰到选项不会翻或没时间翻，一定要画出关键词）1. A) it can be cooked in many ways.无论用多少种方式我只要

44、知道他是在讲烹调 B) It is delicious but inexpensive. Delicious已经可以和其它选项构成不同,画一个就可以了 C) It gives higher yields产量than other grain crops.谷粒 农作物 D) It grows easily in various conditions.要把修饰词画上否侧你不知道是high or low2. A) Fried potatoes.炸薯条 B) Tomato juice. 短小选项听高频 C) Sweet corn. Yield产量屈服放弃 yard field D) Chocolate

45、beans. Wealth health weald旷野3. A) They led to the discovery of America.原型lead to 导致 导致了美洲的发现 B) They made native American foods popular.本土的 C) They brought great wealth to Spain. bring带来巨大财富 boughtbuy D) They made native American life styles well-known.生活方式众所周知原文 Columbus didnt know it. But the corn

46、 was much more valuable than gold. Farmers from Europe to Asia accepted it immediately. They grew it on cold mountainsides山坡 and in tropical forest热带雨林. Today it feeds millions of people all over the world .On his second trip, Columbus brought back a few chocolate beans to make chocolate. Europeans

47、and Asians love this new drink, and soon they were paying a great deal of money for the beans. Chocolate beans became so valuable in Central America that they were used as cash for 200 years.Tomatoes and potatoes took some time to become popular. Eventually, however, they became the basis of a lot o

48、f popular foods. It is hard to imagine life without fried potatoes or chocolate. Thanks to native American cultures, many people are able to enjoy lots of tasty food.例题三1. A) They are interested in other kinds of reading. B) They are active in voluntary services. C) They tend to be low in education

49、and in income. D) They live in isolated areas.孤立的2. A) The reasons why people dont read newspapers are more complicated than assumed. 复杂的 假想 找共同结构ABDmore than中间词很重要 B) There are more uneducated people among the wealthy than originally expected.起初 期望的 有钱人C) The number of newspaper readers is steadily

50、 increasing. 稳定的稳固的 D) There are more nonreaders among young people nowadays 3. A) Lowering the prices of their newspapers. 长得都是doing sth 要听sth B) Shortening their news stories. （动词和名词，关键词最好画名词） C) Adding variety to their newspaper content. 动词形式多而且容易同义替换 D) Including more advertisements in their new

51、spapers.原文 People who dont read newspaper are sometimes referred to as 被称作non-readers . Early research has shown that the non-readers are generally low in education, low in income either very young or very old .In addition non-readers are more likely to live in rural areas and have less contact with

52、 neighbors and friends Recent surveys, however, have indicated the portrait肖像；描写of the non-reader is more complicated than first thought . There appears to be a group of non-readers that do not fit the type mentioned above .Editors and publishers are attempting to win them back. First they are also

53、adding news briefs简洁的,摘要 and comprehensive indexes指示索引. This will help overcome克服 the time problem. And they are also giving variety to newspaper content to help build the readers interest.例题四 1. A) For people to share ideas and show farm products. B) For officials官员 to educate the farming community.农场 社区 C) For farmers to exchange their