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1、Unit 3con tributevi作出贡献；有助于；投稿 vt.捐赠Young students may have fears of growing older. But that kind of fear can be reduced as they see that older people can be active, healthy, and continue to contribute to society.convenient adj. 方便的；近便的Smart but comfortable and convenient to wear, T-shirts have beco

2、me one of Ameri ca s newest ideas on fashion.conven tio naladj.常规的；符合习俗的；传统的What does the woman think of conventional schools?convey vt. 传达；运送；转让What message did the researcher intend to convey to parents?copy n.抄件；（一）份 vt.复印；模仿W: Professor Newman, a few of us at the back didn tget a copy of your re

3、ading assignment.M: Well, there are only 38 names on my class list, and I didn tbring any spare copies. copyrightn.版权The Library of Congress buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. It also gets materials through its copyright office.corporati on n.公司；团体In Latin legal language, “universitas”

4、meant a society or corporation.cost n .成本，费用 vt. （使）花费It is necessary to keep down the cost of extra staff.The first round-trip ticket to the moon is going to cost at least 10 billion dollars if you include research and development.count vt.计算；把算入vi.数；值得考虑 n.计数W: But what happens if it rains? What a

5、re we going to do then?M: Well have to count on good weather. But if it does rain, the whole thing will have to be canceled.cou nter n.柜台；计数器 vt.反驳M: Is this the check-in counter for Flight 914 to Los Angeles?W: Yes, but I m sorry the flight is delayed because of a minor mechanical problem. Please w

6、ait for further notice.countrysiden .农村，乡下I have plenty of time for my hobbies, too-gardening, fishing, walking in the countryside. I love the outdoor lift.couple n.一对，一些；夫妻 vt.使成对A couple of months ago, I went to a department store to buy a few things for the house.For old couples, a dog is also th

7、eir child when their real children have grown up. cover vt.覆盖；包括，涉及n.封面M: Have you finished reading the book you bought last month?W: Oh, I didn tread it straight through the way you read a novel. I just covered a few chapters which interested me most.crash vi.碰撞，坠落 n.坠毁；破裂声M: The taxi driver must h

8、ave been speeding.W: Well, not really. He crashed into the tree because he was trying not to hit a box that had fallenoff the truck ahead of himcream n.奶油；（化妆等用的）乳霜adj.奶油色的M: What would you like for dessert? I think I ll have apple pie and ice cream.W: The chocolate cake looks great, but I have to w

9、atch my weight. You go ahead and get yours. crime n .罪行，犯罪In Britain, if you are found guilty of a crime, you can be sent to prison or be fined or be ordered to do community work such as tidying public places and helping the old.crisis n. 危机，决定性时刻Because of the pressure of the job, I used to smoke a

10、nd drink too much. The crisis came when my wife left me.criminal n.罪犯adj.犯罪的People may be afraid of them, look down of them, or think they are criminals. critically adv.危急的；挑剔地At home, Sam swife looked at the gold watch critically.cure vt.治愈n.疗法；药（剂）Therere actually hundreds of kinds of cold viruses

11、 out there. You never know which one you will get, so there isnta cure for each one.cut vt.修剪，剪短；削减n.伤口；削减；修剪At their worst, they may threaten to take their children out of college, or cut off funds cyclen.循环，周期You see, the sun has cycles. Sometimes it burns fiercely and other times it s relatively

12、calm. damage n.损害；pl.损害赔偿（金） vt.毁坏About 10-15 percent of these heart operations end in death or damage to the heart or other organs. dance n.舞M: The music is so beautiful that I d like to dance. But I don tknow the steps.W: It doesn tmatter. No one will be looking at us in this crowd.deal vi.处理n.交易；

13、分量As much of their business is seasonal, they do a good deal of the work themselves in order to make a profit.W: I had to deal with so many course last term that I really had a hard time.M: I told you it would be better for you if you took fewer course during the first semester. decide vt. 决定；使决定 vi

14、. 决定I worked in the travel agency for two years and then they wanted to send me to South America.But I had just got married. So I decided to stay here. decorate vt. 装饰，装潢We get lazy and in our laziness, we think that something like simple“thank you ”doesntreallymatter how nicely we dress or how beau

15、tifully we decorate our homes.deficie ncy n.不足；缺陷The experiment is the first to ask teachers to report on the effects of sleep deficiency inchildren. degreen.度数；程度；学位Very few people can get college degrees before 11, but Michael was an exception.Delicious adj.美味地；有趣的W: What do you think of the apple

16、 pie? I made it myself.M: Very delicious indeed. Even my mother scannot match this.democratic adj.民主的，有民主精神 /作风的It was the most democratic country in the world.dense adj.密集的；密度大的When steam is passed over dry ice, a very dense vapor rises.dentist n .牙科医生M: Can you stop by the post office and get me s

17、ome envelopes and 39 cents stamps?W: Well, I am not going to stop by the post office, but I can buy you some at the bookstore after I see the dentist on Market Street.departure n.出发；违反M: What s the time for departure?W: 5:30. That only leaves us 15 minutes to go through the customs and check our bag

18、gage. design n.涉及；图样；企图vt.设计The diving suit helped the design of the space suit.desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的I soon found the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door or the back door. I was getting desperate.destroy vt. 破坏，毁灭；消灭Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermen smeans of li

19、ving.destructive adj.破坏（性）的，毁灭（性）的Over-fishing, coupled with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and ruining their environment.determine vt. 查明；决定、使下决心 vi. 下决心Sometimes parents regard their children as extensions of themselves, and think it only right and natural that they determi

20、ne what their children do with their lives.develop vt.发展；研制；（开始）患（病等）vi.生长In their involvement and identification with their children, they forget that everyone is different, and that each person must develop in his or her own way.devicen.装置，设备；手段Devices in other parts of the car can also tell the c

21、omputer if the car is too close to another vehicle or is moving dangerously.dictio naryn.词典，字典M: Do you have the paperback edition of this dictionary?W: Yes, we do. But the hard cover is on sale for the same price as the paperback.differe nt adj.差异的，不同的Different people have different remedies for co

22、lds.difficult adj.困难的Its difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. Its so vast, so deep, so mysterious. Unfortunately, it s not bottomless.direction n.方位；pl.说明书；管理“Where is the university? ”is the question many visitors to Cambridge ask. But no one could point at any one direction becau

23、se there is no campus.directorn.主管；董事；导演Two years later, the owner of the school wanted to retire, so he asked me to take over as the director.discipli nen.纪律；训练 vt.训练；惩罚In their lessons at school, boys an girls may learn about such virtues as unselfishness, courage, discipline and love of one s cou

24、ntry.discount n.（价格、债款等）折扣vt.把打折扣；低估Mr. Nelson, I think I can give you an additional 15% discount.diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的She enrolled in a class called Relationships and Diverse Society.dow nstairs adv.在楼下adj.楼下的n.楼下M: The taxi is waiting downstairs, let s hurry.W: Wait a minute. I ll take some food w

25、ith us. I don tlike the meal served on the train.downtownadv.往/在商业区/闹市区adj.商业区的M: Hi, Susan. Have you decided where to live when you get married?W: I d like to live in the downtown area near my work. But Nathan wants a house in the suburbs to save on expenses.dramaticadj.戏剧性的n .-s戏剧表演M: How did you

26、like yesterday splay?W: Generally speaking, it was quite good. The part of the secretary was played wonderfully, but I think the man who played the boss was too dramatic to be realistic.drop vt.（使）落下；（使）停止，放弃 n.下降；（一）滴M: I wonder if you can drop by tomorrow evening. The Stevensons are coming over to

27、 dinner. Idlike you to meet them.Sure, Id love to. I ve heard they are very interesting people.drunk adj.（酒）醉的；陶醉的M: I think it shigh time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.W: I can tagree with you more. You see, countless innocent people are killed by drunk drivers each yea

28、r.duty n.责任；职责；税The chief duty of every government is to protect persons and property.earn vt. 赚得，挣得Learner drivers are not allowed to work and earn money as drivers.econ omic adj.经济的，经济学的n .-s经济学The liberation of women in the early part of the twentieth century and the social and economic effects o

29、f the World War II had a great impact on the traditional family life.editi onn.版，版本M: Do you have the paperback edition of this dictionary?W: Yes, we do. But the hard cover is on sale for the same price as the paperback. educatio n n.教育，训练It was in the 1960 sthat the largest expansion of higher educ

30、ation took place in Britain.effect n.结果；影响vt.使生效；引起Brain scans show alcohol abuse kills brain cells. But little is known about the effects of life-long drinking.effective adj.有效的；给人印象深刻的；实际的Above all, parents now can plan the size of their family if they wish to have more effective meaning of birth

31、control.efficie ntadj.效率高的，有能力的The reas on London taxi drivers are so efficie nt is that they all have gone through a very tough training period to get special taxi driving license.elderlyadj.较老的，年长的n.the-到了晚年的人Recently researchers have found that, even in late adulthood, exercise, strength training

32、 with weights, and better food can help elderly individuals significantly improve their health and add happ in ess to their life.elega ntadj.文雅的；简练的We can be truly elega nt without good manners because elega nee and good manners always go head in hand.eleme ntary adj.基本的；小学的 Accord ing to classroom

33、teachers, eleme ntary and middle school stude nts who stay up late exhibit more lear ning and atte nti on problems. emerge ncyn.紧急情况，不测事件Each year about 200,000 childre n end up in hospital emerge ncy rooms with playgro und injuries. employ vt.雇用；用 n.雇用They usually employ college stude nts to do the

34、 clea ning and wash in g-up. en ergy n.活力，精力；能量If your pare nts had wan ted several childre n, but could have you only, they are most likely to pour into you all the en ergy and atte nti on that had bee n inten ded for several childre n. engineering n.项目(学)，项目师行业I resigned and applied for a job with

35、 another engineering company.Part Two体会音变You can tell the age of ? tree by counting its rin gs, bu t these records ?of trees life really say a lot more. Scie ntists ?are using tree rings to lear n what s bee n happe ning on the sun s ?surface for the last ten thousan d years. Each ring represents ?a year of growth. As the tree grows, it ?adds ?a layer to its trunk, taking ?up chemical elements from the air. By looking ?jp the elements ?n the rings for a