新视野大学英语第三册第六单元课文讲解课件

Unit6Howtoprepareforearthquakes

Ideally,peoplewouldliketoknowwhenanearthquakeisgoingtohappenandhowbaditwillbe.InbothJapanandChina,peoplehavelongbelievedthatearthquakescanbeforecast.InJapan,scientistshavewiredtheEarthandseatodetectmovements.TheChinesehavetraditionallywatchedanimalsandplantsforwarningsignsofearthquakes.Forexample,theChinesehavenotedthatbeforeanearthquake,hens'behaviorchanges—theyrefusetoentertheircagesatnight.Theyhavealsonoticedthatsnakescomeoutofthegroundtofreezetodeathandthatdogsbarkalot,evenParagraph1normallyquietdogs.BeforetheHanshinearthquakeinJapan,therewerereportsoflargeschoolsoffishswimmingnearthesurfaceofthewater.Certainbirds,likepigeons,alsoseemedtobeespeciallynoisyandwerereportedtobeflyinginunusualpatternsbeforetheearthquake.Perhapsmostinteresting,andmosteasilymeasured,isachemicalchangeingroundwaterbeforeaquake.Experimentaldataseemtoindicatethattheamountofradon(Rn)inthewaterunderthesurfaceoftheEarthwaxesbeforeanearthquake.译文句型

Thesejointsofsteelcanmovewithoutbreaking.Also,topreventpropertydamage,architectsnowdesignbuildingssothatthebuilding'scolumnsandhorizontalbeamsareofequalstrength,andverticalsupportcolumnsareinserteddeepintosolidsoil.Inaddition,manynewhouseshaverelativelylightroofsandstrongwalls.Concretepillarsforhighwaybridgesthatpreviouslyonlyhadsteelrodsinsidearenowenclosedinsteel.译文Paragraph3

Besidesworkingtoimprovebuildingstructures,peopleinareaswhereearthquakesarecommonneedtoprepareforthepossibilityofagreatearthquake.Theyshouldregularlycheckandreinforcetheirhomes,placeheavyobjectsinlowpositions,attachcupboardsandcabinetstowalls,andfastendoorssothattheywillnotopenaccidentallyduringanearthquake.译文句型

Inadditiontopreparingtheirhouses,peopleintheseregionsneedtopreparethemselves.Theyshouldhavesuppliesofwaterandfoodathomeandatwork.Itisbesttostoreseveralgallonsofwaterperperson.Itisalsoimportanttohavesomethingthatcancleanwaterandkillbacteria,sowaterfromothersourcescanbemadesafetodrink.Storeoneweek'sfoodforeachperson.Earth-quakesurvivalsuppliesincludearadioreceiver,atorch,extrabatteries,firstaidsupplies,aspade,atent,somerope,andwarmclothing.Expertsalsosuggestthefollowing:译文Paragraph4

Keepafireextinguisherhandy.Youshouldhaveoneathome,atwork,andinyourcar(ifyouhaveone).Thefireextinguishershouldbeabletoputoutanytypeoffire.Havethepropertoolstoturnoffgasandwaterlinesifnecessary.Arrangeanauxiliarycookingandheatingsourcethatcanbeusedoutside.Onealternativeisaportablecampstovewithsmallcansofgas.Keepapairofheavy,comfortableshoesorbootsinyourhome,atwork,andinyourvehicle.Ifthereisanearthquake,therewillbelotsoffragmentsofbrokenglass.Lightshoeswillnotprotectyourfeetaswellasheavyshoeswill.译文Paragraph5Thefewremainingworkinglineswillbebusywiththecallsthatnaturallyoccurafteradisasteranditwillbedifficulttocallfromonepartofthecitytoanother.Itmight,however,bepossibletocalloutsidethecity.Asensiblearrangementistohaveallofthemembersofthefamilycalltocheckinwithafriendorrelativewholivesmorethanahundredmilesaway.译文

Theseprecautionscanmakeagreatdifferenceinsavinglivesandpreventingthelossofhomes.Educationconcerninghowtosurviveanearthquakeshouldbeamajoremphasisforallgovernmentprogramsandearthquake-relatedresearchprojects.译文第二段人们还希望能够预防地震会造成的重大财产损失。要知道，多数在地震中丧生的人都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的。所以，具有抗震能力的房屋结构是关注的重点。钢似乎是最佳的建材，但一旦被焊接成僵硬的结构就不行了。许多新式结构都采用了一种新型的钢接合方法，即I形接合，它看来是最耐用的一种接合。这种钢接合在移动时不会断裂。同样，为了预防财产损失，建筑师如今设计楼房时会使房屋的支柱和横梁力度相等，而垂直支柱则深深插入坚实的地基中。此外，许多新型房屋都采用了较轻的屋顶和坚实的墙壁。高架桥的水泥柱先前只是在内部有钢筋，如今外面也包上了钢板。返回第三段除了设法改善建筑结构外，地震频发区的人们也需要为可能发生的大地震做好防备工作。他们应当定期检查和加固房屋，将重物放在低处，将橱柜和柜子贴墙放置，加固房门以防地震时意外脱开。返回第四段除做好房屋的防震外，这些地区的人们还需要为自身做些防备。他们应该在家里和工作地储备些水和食物。最好每人储备几加仑水。储备一些可以净化水和消灭病菌的东西也很重要，这样就可以安全地饮用其他来源的水了。每人准备一周的食物。地震救生储备还包括无线电接收器、手电、备用电池、急救用品、铁锹、帐篷、绳子和保暖衣物。此外，专家们还提出了以下建议：返回第五段手边备有灭火器。应该在住处、工作场所和汽车里(如果你有车的话)都存放一个。灭火器应该是可以扑灭任何火灾的那种。有必要的话，准备一些能关闭煤气和自来水管道的特制工具。准备一个备用的户外烹调和取暖用具，可以准备一个便携式露营灶和几小罐煤气。在住处、工作场所和汽车里放一双厚重、舒适的鞋或靴子。发生地震时会有大量的玻璃碎片。轻便的鞋子不能像厚重的鞋子那样保护好你的双脚。返回第六段每个家庭都需要制定地震应急计划。如何让一家人在地震的混乱中安全离开？大家应该商定一个地震区外的会合点──可能是在几英里外的某个市镇。同样，协商好地震时家人的联络方式也很重要。地震若发生在大城市，市里的许多电话线路很可能中断，剩下的为数不多的可用线路会很忙，因为灾难之后自然会有许多电话，要从市里的一个地方打到另一个地方会很困难。但可能通向市外的电话是通的。明智的安排是，让所有的家人都给一个住在一百多英里之外的朋友或亲戚打个电话，以报平安。返回watchfor

寻找，等待We'llbewatchingforanydevelopments...我们会密切注意事情的任何进展forexamplecomeoutofWesawhimcomeoutoftheroom.我们看见他走出房间。Bigideascomeoutofbigpencils.灵感来自那支大铅笔v.由…产生，从…出来forexample…sothat…Iwanttoleavenow.Iwon’tbelate.Itooknonoticeofhim.Heflewintoarage.用...sothat...合成下列组句:IwanttoleavenowsothatIwon’tbelate.Itooknonoticeofhimsothatheflewintoarage。beof+adj.+noun=be+adv.+adj.用“…beof+adj.+noun.…”改写下列句子:ThebookheboughtyesterdayisveryhelpfulItissaidthatyogaisverybeneficialtohumanhealth.attachto附属于，参加，归于例句：1.Thishospitalisattachedtoamedicalcollege。这家医院附属于一个医学院。2.HeattachedhimselftotheParty．他入党了3.Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident。责任不在他身上。inadditionto除…之外老板要他每天干16个钟头的活，还打他Thebossworkedhim16hoursadayandbeathiminaddition。例句ifnecessary如有必要Translation如有必要，这个讨论会可在明天继续进行。KeyThisdiscussioncan,ifnecessary,becontinuedtomorrow.checkin记录，登记签到

例句:WhattimecanIcheckin?我什么时候可以登记？Thereceptionpersonnelwillhelpyoucheckin.接待人员会帮助你们办理入住手续。makea/nodifference对…有/无影响1.海边的空气改善了他的健康状况.Theseaairhasmadeadifferencetohishealth.2.你是去是留对我都无所谓。Itdoesn'tmakeanydifferencetomewhetheryougoorstay.例句Keephandy手边备有看看他手边常备的东西，你就会知道他的生活情趣Takealookatwhatheoftenkeepshandyandyouwillcatchontohistasteforlife.translationbelikelyto

很可能只有当你学会在逆境中前行，你才有可能懂得人生的真谛。Oo/in/between刊登麦氏(MaxwellHouse)在一家报纸上曾刊登了一则广告：滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。TheMaxwellHouseinsertedinanewspaperanadvertisement:Goodtothelastdrop.translation1)detect(vt)察觉，发现；探测如果许多癌症在早期被发现，那么是可以治愈的。Manyformsofcancerscanbecuredifdetectedearly.我察觉到他的态度有微妙的变化Idetectedaslightchangeinhisattitude.Translationdetectsb.In(doing)sth.发现某人在做（坏事）他考试作弊时被发现了。Hewasdetectedintheactofcheatingontheexam.detectablea.可发觉的，可看穿的detectiven./a.侦探，侦探的detectionn.察觉，探测；侦察CollocationAssoclation2)waxvi.变大，增强

【u】asolidfattyoroilysubstance蜡HerfeelingsforJohnwaxandwine.她对约翰的感情时好时坏。Itisobviousthatacoatingofwaxwasputonthepaper.纸上涂了一层蜡。（月的）盈亏圆缺[喻]盛衰Translation3）withstandvt.经受，承受，顶住anattacksevereteststhestormhardwear(fire)hardship抵御攻击经得起严峻的考验顶得住暴风雨耐穿能吃苦withstandCollocation军队太弱了，抵挡不了任何进攻。Thetroopsweretooweaktowithstandanyattack这双鞋子很耐穿。Thepairofshoeswithstandshardwear.Translation4)enclosevt.

围住，包住他们用篱笆围住了院子。Theyenclosedtheiryardwithafence.兹附上200美元支票。IenclosedhereinacheckforUsdollars.encloseda.被附上的enclosuren.围地，围栏；随信附件TranslationAssoclation5）extinguishvt使熄灭，扑灭

使(希望等)破灭extinguishafire灭火Hisdreamofanactorisextinguishedwiththefailure.他的演员梦随着失败而破灭。distinguishv.区别，辨别6)sensibleadj合理的,明智的asensibleman明智的人asensibledecision明智的决定asensiblearrangement合理的安排预防总是比治疗更明智，而且花费更少。Preventionisalwaysmoresensibleandlesscostlythancure.CollocationTranslationAssoclationsensen./vt.感觉，意义，见识；理解sensitivea.敏感的，灵敏的，感光的Bankfillingsensiblesensesensitive1.Adriverhasagoodoflocality.2.Itwouldbetoleaveearly,incasethere’salotoftraffic.3.Sheisverytowhatpeoplethinkofher.sensesensiblesensitive7)resistanta.:offeringresistance抵抗的，对抗的Collocationwater-heat-resistantbullet-TranslationConservativepeopleareusuallyresistanttochange.保守的人通常反对变化。Assoclationpersistenta.坚持的，固执的；持续的insistenta.坚持不懈的assistantn./a.助手，助理；助理的，辅助的防水的防热的防弹的8)precautionn.:anactiondonetopreventsth.fromhappening预防，预防措施Collocationtakeprecautionagainst采取预防….的措施Translation政府采取了各种预防措施，以防止非典的进一步蔓延。ThegovernmenthastakenallprecautionstopreventfurtherspreadingofSARS.Usefulexpressions留意，观察离开，从...出来别忘了，终究，究竟将...插入，嵌入将...附在/缚在救生储备熄灭，扑灭救急计划watchforcomeoutofafterallinsertintoattachtosurvivalsuppliesputoutemergencyplan会合点加之，除...之外登记，报到一般概率对...有影响，起作用在工作的地方就...达成一致意见ameetingpointinaddition(to)checkingeneralprobabilityberesistanttiatworkagreeon/uponPerhapsmost/Particularly+adj./