2022年考研考博-考博英语-东北师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号69

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-东北师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Operationswhichleftpatients（

）andinneedoflongperiodsofdiscoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.

问题1选项

A.exhausted

B.unhealthy

C.upset

D.fearful

【答案】A

【解析】句意:以前，病人手术后精疲力竭，需长时间才能恢复，现在的手术却让他们感到轻松和舒适。

形容词辨析。Exhausted精疲力竭的;unhealthy不健康的;upset苦恼的;fearful担心的，可怕的。因此A符合句意。

2.单选题

Theresearchrequiresmoremoneythan（

）.

问题1选项

A.havebeenputin

B.hasbeenputin

C.beingputin

D.tobeputin

【答案】B

【解析】句意:该研究需要的经费比己经投入的经费要多。

语法题。考查现在完成时态。由句中关键词“requires”为一般现在时态知“钱的被投入属于己经发生的动作”，再由“money钱”表示单数知B项“hasbeenputin（这里has前面省略了关系代词that）”正确。

3.单选题

Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe（

）impossibletocomprehend.

问题1选项

A.hadfound

B.finds

C.hasfound

D.wouldfind

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这位学生称自己觉得这篇文章中有几点难以理解。

语法题。考查过去完成吋态。句中“said”表示一般过去时,句中后面的动作发生在过去的过去，故使用过去完成时态的A项“hadfound”正确。

4.单选题

I’djustassoon（

）rudelytoher.

问题1选项

A.thatyouwon’tspeak

B.yournotspeaking

C.younotspeak

D.youdidn’tspeak

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我倒宁愿你没有粗鲁地对她说话。

语法题。考查虛拟语气。由句中关键词“justassoon倒宁愿”的对应知这里应该用一般过去时来表示与现在事实（即你粗鲁地对她说话）相反的虚拟语气，故D项“youdidn’tspeak”正确。

5.单选题

（

）thepast,atthemomentitisafavoritechoiceforweddinggown.

问题1选项

A.Unpopularhasaswhitebeen

B.Whitehasbeenasunpopular

C.Unpopularhasbeenaswhite

D.Unpopularaswhitehasbeen

【答案】D

【解析】句意:尽管在过去白色不受欢迎，但是现在它是人们最喜欢的婚纱颜色。

语法题。考查让步状语从句。题干后半部分已经是一个完整句子,所以前半部分是由as引导的让步状语从句。as引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装结构，即将句中做表语的形容词提前,故选D。

6.单选题

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul---thequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking，sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking'sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses:tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive:theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountis“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject.Thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographersalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause

（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson（

）.

问题1选项

A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

D.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

问题2选项

A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’lives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.biographiescanseverdifferentpurposes

问题3选项

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders.

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject

C.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography.

D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership.

问题4选项

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivatelife

C.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntotheoutsiders

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’scharacter

问题5选项

A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

B.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographies

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章首句指出:Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject(传记作家必须与主人公保持适当距离，并要时常调整与主人公之间的距离).故选A“既要比较了解，又要保持一定距离”。

2.判断推理题。题干关键词ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBible前面所在句为:Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive(当主人公是英雄或著名人物吋，传记作者常常会流露出民主的动机)以及Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus(其它一些传记则有意要改变我们)。可知选择D“传记可以有不同的目的”。

3.细节事实题。根据第一段内容可知传记作家和主人公的关系太近太远都不好;第二段第一句指出:Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask(要完成这一任务，没有最佳位罝);最后一段最后一句:Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife(我们直觉地意识到没有人能够讲述完整的人生故事)。故选C“没人能写出完美传记”。

4.细节事实题。最后一段指出:the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress(未经授权的传记通常意味着读者有可能从中读到主人公不希望公之于众的刺激的八卦消息),因此选B“包含有关主人公私生活的有趣的信息”。

5.主旨大意题。文章指出:传记作家在与主人公关系太近太远都不好。无论传记作者如何描述，都不能完完全全展示人物的真实生活。因此选A“传记作者很难选准最佳角度去写作”。

7.单选题

Humanrelationshavecommandedpeople’sattentionfromearlytimes.Thewaysofpeoplehavebeenrecordedininnumerablemyths,folktales,novels,plays,andpopularorphilosophicalessays.Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences.“Intuitive”knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior,whereasinthephysicalsciencessuchcommonsenseknowledgeisrelativelyprimitive.Ifweerasedallknowledgeofscientificphysicsfromourmodemword,notonlywouldwenothavecarsandtelevisionset,wemightevenfindthattheordinarypersonwasunabletocopewiththefundamentalmechanicalproblemsofpulleysandlevers.Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys"ofmuchoftheself'sbehaviorandfeelings.Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.Kohler,inreferringtothelackofgreatdiscoveriesinpsychologyascomparedwithphysics,accountsforthisbysayingthat“peoplewereacquaintedwithpracticallyallterritoriesofmentallifealongtimebeforethefoundingofscientificpsychology”.

Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.Differentexplanationsofthisparadoxhavebeensuggested.Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves;butwemightaskwhypeoplehavealwayslovedtoreadpessimistic,debunkingwritings,fromEcclesiastestoFreud.Ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically;whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?Inanycase,thefieldofhumanrelations,withitsvastliterary,documentationbutmeagerscientifictreatment,isingreatcontrasttothefieldofphysicinwhichtherearerelativelyfewnonscientificbooks.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ithasbeensuggestedthatthescienceofhumanrelationswasslowtodevelopbecause（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingclaimssupportstheauthor’sstatementthat“Psychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences，’？

3.Accordingtothepassage,anunderstandingoftheselfcanbe

（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatattemptstotreathumanrelationsscientificallyhavethusfarbeenrelatively

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorassumesthatcommonsenseknowledgeofhumanrelationsis（

）.

问题1选项

A.intuitiveknowledgeofhumanrelationsisderivedfromphilosophy

B.earlyscientistsweremoreinterestedinthephysicalworld

C.scientificstudiesofhumanrelationsappeartoinvestigatetheobvious.

D.thescientificmethodisdifficulttoapplytothestudyofhumanrelations

问题2选项

A.Thefullmeaningofahumanrelationshipmaynotbeobvious.

B.Commonsenseunderstandingofhumanrelationscanbeincisive.

C.Intuitiveknowledgeinthephysicalsciencesinrelativelyadvanced.

D.Subjectivebiasisdifficulttocontrolinpsychologicalresearch.

问题3选项

A.highlybiasedduetounconsciousfactors

B.improvedbyspecializedtraining

C.profoundevenwhenvaguelyconceived

D.irrelevantforunderstandinghumanrelations

问题4选项

A.unilluminating

B.paradoxical

C.pessimistic

D.encouraging

问题5选项

A.equallywelldevelopedamongalladultswithinagivensociety

B.biasedinsofarasitisbasedonmythsandfolktales

C.typicallyunrelatedonanindividual’sinteractionswithotherpeople

D.usuallysufficientlyaccuratetofacilitateinteractionswithothers

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。最后一段指出:Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop(矛盾的是，人类拥有如此本能来经营人际关系，而有关人际关系处理的技巧却在最后才得到发展)。接着后面指出:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人们为何要为一个明白的事实去系统进行观测，再建立起一套理论呢？)。故选C。

2.细节事实题。第一段开头主要介绍了心理学能在众科学中占有独特位罝的原因:Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences(虽然人际关系的全部意义并非一目了然，但是要是能一眼瞥去就能明白那些复杂感情和动作的意思，自然妙不可言。这也是心理学能在众科学中占有独特位置的原因)。因此B正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词understandingoftheself定位至第一段:Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunfonnulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived...(换句话说，人们对于自身和他人其实有一个很深刻和全面的了解，即使只是在模糊的意识层面……)。因此选C“虽然只是在模糊的意识层面，但是是深刻的”。

4.判断推理题。最后一段:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人们为何要为一个明白的事实去系统进行观测，再建立起一套理论呢？),因此推断A项“无启发性的”正确。

5.判断推理题。第一段指出:Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore(反过来讲，假设我们将全部的心理学科学知识移除我们的世界，可能人际关系上的问题依然能够很顺利地得到解决)。因此可知,人们对于人际关系的常识最够可以解决人际交往中的问题,故选D。

8.单选题

Itwasshamefulthattheargument（

）ahandfight..

问题1选项

A.endedin

B.cameto

C.endedup

D.culminatedin

【答案】D

【解析】句意:争论以大打出手而告终真是可耻。

短语辨析。endin以…告终;cometo苏醒，发生;endup最后成了……;culminatein以……告终,但强调以高潮结朿.由题干关键信息大打出手判断D最符合。

9.翻译题

Putthefollowing10sentencesintoChinese.

Thepurposebehindsuchattemptsistoinfluencepublicopinionandjustifytheaggressivewar.

Ibelieve,therearefewinEnglandwhoknowmeatallwhodonotknowmeasanIrishCatholic.

Booksarethebest,wellused;abused,amongtheworst.

Ifaspecificrelationshipseemstobetrueinanumberofcases,withoutanyexceptions,thenitmaybehypothesizedthattherelationshipholdsingeneral.

Largefieldsofthesamecropalsoresultinrapidmultiplicationofdestructiveinsects.

Marketresearchisastudyoftherequirementsofvariousmarkets,theacceptabilityofproducts,andthemethodsofdevelopingorexploitingnewmarkets.

Withmoreandmorewomenenteringtherankofmanagement,researchersbegintoexploretherelationshipbetweengenderandleadership.

Cultureisactivityofthought,andreceptivenesstobeautyandhumanefeeling.Scrapsofinformationhavenothingtodowithit.

ManyscientificinventionsorestablishmentsoriginatedfromEuropewerefirsttobeappliedorimplementedinUSA.

Itisunavoidablethatpeopleoftwogenerationsandeventhoseofthesameagedifferintheirvaluesandpursuits.

【答案】这种做法背后的目的就是为了影响公众的想法以及证明这场侵略战争的合法性。

我相信，在英格兰凡是认识我的人，几乎都知道我是个爱尔兰天主教徒。

如果利用得当，书籍就是最好的朋友；反之，如果滥用，它就会变成最坏的东西了。

如果某一特定的关系在很多情况下都正确，且无一例外，则可以假定，该关系可以成立。

大片相同的作物也会导致破坏性昆虫的快速增殖。

市场研究是研究不同的市场的需求、产品的可接受性、发展或者开发新市场的方法。

随着越来越多的女性进入管理层，研究人员开始探索性别和领导能力之间的关系。

文化素养是一种思想活动，具有对美和人情感悟能力。道听途说的点滴知识与此完全是两码事。

许多起源于欧洲的科学发明或者机构首次在美国被应用或者实现。

两代人甚至同龄人之间在价值观和追求上的差异是不可避免的。

10.单选题

Themayorisawomanwithgreat（

）andthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

问题1选项

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这个市长是一位非常正直的女士，因此值得我们在政治上和经济上的支持。

形近词辨析。Intention意图，目的;instinct本能，直觉;integrity正直,诚实;intensity强烈，激情。根据句意判断C正确。

11.单选题

Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketopandemicflutoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.

Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears—sowhyshouldn’twe?Takeabroaderlookatourspecies’placeintheuniverse,anditbecomesclearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears(see“100,000AD:Livinginthedeepfuture”).LookupHomosapiensintheIUCN’s“RedList”ofthreatenedspecies,andyouwillread:"ListedasLeast

Concernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.”

Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundation,basedinSanFrancisco,hascreatedaforumwherethinkersandscientistsareinvitedtoprojecttheimplicationsoftheirideasoververylongtimescales.Itsflagshipprojectisamechanicalclock,burieddeepinsideamountaininTexas,thatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.

Thentherearescientistswhoaregivingseriousconsiderationtotheideathatweshouldrecognizeanewgeologicalera:theAnthropocene.They,too,arepullingthecamerarightbackandaskingwhathumanity’simpactwillbeontheplanet-inthecontextofstratigraphictime.

Perhapsperversely,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday’stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlinglycomplicated,andit’sperhapsbestlefttoscience-fictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilitieswecanenvisage.That’sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicatedtothenearfuture.

Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatternsshapingthehistoryoftheplanet,andourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituationsinwhichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.

Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy:whileourspeciesmayflourish,agreatmanyindividualsmaynot.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtomitigatemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.Thinkingaboutourplaceindeeptimeisagoodwaytofocusonthechallengesthatconfrontustoday,andtomakeafutureworthlivingin.

1.Ourvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredby（

）.

2.TheIUCN“RedList”suggeststhathumanbeingsare

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph5?

4.Toensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto

（

）.

5.AWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

问题1选项

A.ourdesireforfulfillment

B.ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

C.ourawarenessofpotentialrisks

D.ourbeliefinequalopportunity

问题2选项

A.asustainedspecies

B.theworld’sdominantpower

C.athreattotheenvironment

D.amisplacedrace

问题3选项

A.Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies.

B.Technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem.

C.Theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise.

D.OurImmediatefutureishardtoconceive.

问题4选项

A.exploreourplanet'sabundantresources

B.adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld

C.drawonourexperiencefromthepast

D.curbourambitiontoreshapehistory

问题5选项

A.UncertaintyaboutOurFuture

B.EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies

C.TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind

D.Science,TechnologyandHumanity

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。第一段指出:Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketopandemicflutoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto(随着我们对自身所面临的各种从小行星碰撞到流感、气候变化的威胁已更深入地了解，如今乌托邦(即理想中最美好的社会)已变得过时。你甚至可能禁不住地去认为人类几乎没有未来可期待)。因此可推知B项“我们相信科学和技术”正确。

2.判断推理题。第二段中:ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline(人类分布非常广泛、适应性强、数量正在不断增加且没有任何大的威胁会导致人类总人口的下降，所以人类被列为最不濒危的物种),因此选A项“一种可持续的物种”。

3.细节事实题。第五段指出:Perhapsperversely,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture(或许反常的是相比考虑不久的将来，考虑如此长远的未来可能更容易),因此选D项“我们不久的将来难以设想”。

4.细节事实题。倒数第二段指出:Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture...(如同经常出现的那样，过去是掌握未来的关键……),因此选C项“利用我们来自过去的经验”。

5.主旨大意题。文章指出:你甚至可能禁不住地去认为人类几乎没有未来可期待。然而这样的沮丧却是一种错误判断。化石记录表明很多物种已生存了数百万年，因此为何我们人类不可能生存数百万年呢？,因此C项“人类的前景总是光明”比较适合作文章标题。

12.单选题

ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam（

）hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.

问题1选项

A.willcontinue

B.continued

C.continue

D.continues

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管有着一些学习困难，但是威廉却完全有必要继续自己的学习。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。It’s+形容词（essential,necessary,important等）+从句（谓语是shoulddo,其中should可以省略）。由句中关键词“Itisabsolutelyessentialthat完全有必要”可知C项“continue”正确。

13.单选题

Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe（

）toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.

问题1选项

A.hadhad

B.has

C.had

D.wouldhave

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他本来会完成自己的大学教育，但是他却不得不放弃，然后找一份工作来养家。

语法题考查一般过去吋态。由句中关键词“wouldhavefinished本来会完成”表示对过去事情的假设,因此这里表示对过去情况的描述，故C项“had（其为动词have的过去时态）”正确。

14.单选题

We’ll（

）youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

问题1选项

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】句意:居住期间对你房子所造成的任何损坏，我们都会赔偿你。

动词辨析。compensate赔偿,补偿;remedy改进,补救;supplement补充;retrieve取回，索回。故A符合句意。

15.单选题

Themanagerneedsanassistantthathecan（

）totakecareofproblemsinhisabsence.

问题1选项

A.counton

B.countin

C.countup

D.countout

【答案】A

【解析】句意:经理需要一个靠得住的助手，以便当他不在吋，可以帮助处理问题。

短语辨析。counton依靠,依赖;countin把..算在内;countup加起来;countout点数。故选A。

16.单选题

Nomatterhowfrequently（

），theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.

问题1选项

A.performed

B.performing

C.tobeperformed

D.beingperformed

【答案】A

【解析】句意:不管贝多芬的作品演奏多频繁，都能吸引大量的观众。

语法题。考查动词时态语态。perform与主语theworksofBeethoven在逆辑上是动宾关系，且“演奏”与句子谓语“吸引”没有时间上的先后顺序，用过去分词作状语。Nomatterhowfrequentlyperformed是省略了be动词are。故选A。

17.单选题

Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelionmaybeadescriptive（

）,butitdoesnotmeanthathewasonallfoursroaringandwagginghistail.

问题1选项

A.analogue

B.analogy

C.analytic

D.node

【答案】B

【解析】句意:将一个在战争中的战士说成狮子一样可能是一个不错的比喻，但是这并不意味着他四肢着地摇着尾巴大声咆哮着。

形近词辨析。Analogue类似物，相似物;analogy比喻，相似;analytic分解的;anode阳极。题目中的Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelion这个部分是将战士比喻成狮子。故选B。

18.单选题

Thepublicisvery（

）aboutthegovernment’splansforataxcut.

问题1选项

A.susceptible

B.dubious

C.suspicious

D.deliberate

【答案】B

【解析】意:公众不太相信政府的减税计划。

形容词辨析。Susceptible易受影响的;dubious可疑的，怀疑的,后接about;suspicious可疑的，多疑的,后接of;deliberate故意的。因此无论从句意还是从搭配上,B项正确。

19.单选题

Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingotherthancarbonchemistry,weknowofnoexamplestotellushowsuchlifemightariseandsurvive.Wemustlimitourdiscussiontolifeasweknowitandtheconditionsitrequires.Themostimportantrequirementisthepresenceofliquidwater,notonlyaspartofthechemicalreactionsoflife,butalsoasamediumtotransportnutrientsandwasteswithintheorganism.

Thewaterrequirementautomaticallyeliminatesmanyworldsinoursolarsystem.Themoonisairless,andalthoughsomedatasuggesticefrozeninthesoilatitspoles,ithasneverhadliquidwateronitssurface.Inthevacuumofthelunarsurface,liquidwaterwouldboilawayrapidly.Mercurytooisairlessandcannothavehadliquidwateronitssurfaceforlongperiodsoftime.Venushassometracesofwatervaporinitsatmosphere,butitismuchtoohotforliquidwatertosurvive.Iftherewereanylakesoroceansofwateronitssurfacewhenitwasyoung,theymusthaveevaporatedquickly.Eveniflifebeganthere,notraceswouldbeleftnow.

Theinnersolarsystemseemstoohot,andtheoutersolarsystemseemstoocold.TheJovianplanetshavedeepatmospheres,andatacertainlevel,theyhavemoderatetemperatureswherewatermightcondenseintoliquiddroplets.Butitseemsunlikelythatlifecouldbeginthere.TheJovianplanetshavenosurfaceswhereoceanscouldnurturethebeginningoflife,andcurrentsintheatmosphereseemdestinedtocirculategasandwaterdropletsfromregionsofmoderatetemperaturetootherlevelsthataremuchtoohotortoocoldforlifetosurvive.

AfewofthesatellitesoftheJovianplanetsmighthavesuitableconditionsforlife.Jupiter’smoonEuropaseemstohavealiquid-wateroceanbelowitsicycrust,andmineralsdissolvedinthatwaterwouldprovidearichbrothofpossibilitiesforchemicalevolution.Nevertheless,Europaisnotapromisingsitetosearchforlifebecauseconditionsmaynothaveremainedstableforthebillionsofyearsneededforlifetoevolvebeyondthemicroscopicstage.IfJupiter’smoonsinteractgravitationallyandmodifytheirorbits,Europamayhavebeenfrozensolidatsomepointsinhistory.

Saturn’smoonTitanhasanatmosphereofnitrogen,argonandmethaneandmayhaveoceansofliquidmethaneandethaneonitssurface.Thechemistryoflifethatmightcrawlorswimonsuchaworldisunknown,butlifetheremaybeunlikelybecauseofthetemperature.ThesurfaceofTitanisadeadly-179°C(-290°F).Chemica)reactionsoccurslowlyornotatallatsuchlowtemperatures,sothechemicalevolutionneededtobeginlifemayneverhaveoccurredonTitan.

Marsisthemostlikelyplaceforlifeinoursolarsystem.Theevidence,however,isnotencouraging.MeteoriteALH84001wasfoundontheAntarcticicein1984.ItwasprobablypartofdebrisejectedintospacebyalargeimpactonMars.ALH84001isimportantbecauseateamofscientistsstudieditandannouncedin1996thatitcontainedchemicalandphysicaltracesofancientlifeonMars.

Scientistswereexcitedtoo,butbeingprofessionallyskeptical,theybegantestingtheresultsimmediately.Inmanycases,theresultsdidnotconfirmtheconclusionthatlifeonceexistedonMars.SomechemicalcontaminationfromwateronEarthhasoccurred,andsomechemicalsinthemeteoritemayhaveoriginatedwithoutthepresenceoflife.Thephysicalfeaturesthatlooklikefossilbacteriamaybemineralformationsintherock.

SpacecraftnowvisitingMarsmayhelpusunderstandthepasthistoryofwaterthereandpaintamoredetailedpictureofpresentconditions.Nevertheless,conclusiveevidencemayhavetowaituntilageologistinaspacesuitcanwanderthedrystreambedsofMarscrackingopenrocksandsearchingforfossils.

Wearelefttoconcludethat,sofarasweknow,oursolarsystemisbareoflifeexceptforEarth.Consequently,oursearchforlifeintheuniversetakesustootherplanetarysystems.

1.Thewordautomaticallyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthewateronVenusistrue?

3.HowwillscientistsconfirmtheexistenceoflifeonMars?

4.Accordingtoparagraph5,whywouldlifeonTitanbeimprobable?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmostaccuratelyreflectstheauthor’sopinionaboutlifeinoursolarsystem?

问题1选项

A.partially

B.actually

C.occasionally

D.naturally

问题2选项

A.Thewaterevaporatedbecauseofthehightemperatures.

B.Thewaterbecamefrozeninthepolarregions.

C.Onlyalittlewaterisleftinsmalllakesonthesurface.

D.Raindoesnotfallbecausethereisnoatmosphere.

问题3选项

A.BysendingunmannedspacecrafttoMars.

B.BylookingatfossilsonMars.

C.ByviewingpicturestakenofMars.

D.BystudyingthepresentconditionsonMars.

问题4选项

A.Itdoesnothaveanocean

B.Itisnotaplanet.

C.Itistoocold

D.Ithasalowatmosphere.

问题5选项

A.Lifeisprobablylimitedtoplanetsintheinnersolarsystem.

B.ThereisalargebodyofevidencesupportinglifeonMars.

C.Thereislittleprobabilityoflifeonotherplanets

D.Weshouldexploreoursolarsystemforconditionsthatsupportlife.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题: