2020年英语高考二轮复习专题4语法填空-(5)并列连词和三大从句

专题四语法填空第一部分解题技法总论专题四语法填空2020年英语高考二轮复习专题4语法填空-(5)并列连词和三大从句【考情透析】根据近三年的高考试题可以看出,高考语法填空充分体现了“实词考查为主、虚词考查为辅”的命题原则。命题形式分为提示类填空和自由类填空。【考情透析】1.提示类填空全国卷中,提示类填空为7个实词。主要考查动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、名词的复数形式、形容词和副词的比较级、代词的格及同一词根的不同词性的转化。1.提示类填空2.自由类填空全国卷中,自由类填空为3个虚词。主要考查代词、介词、冠词、连词、时间及地点副词等。2.自由类填空【策略点睛】1.利用体裁特点解题快速通读整篇文章,了解其体裁特征,理清其逻辑关系,初步摸清文章的主题、大意、时态、语态等,给分析句子和填空提供可靠的逻辑推理依据。【策略点睛】2.利用句法分析解题语法填空主要是从语法角度入手,对句子结构进行分析。简单句要分析其成分是否完整;每种成分由什么样的词性来充当;复合句要弄清从句的作用以及主从句之间的逻辑关系;特殊句式要分析是否符合其固定的格式。2.利用句法分析解题3.利用习惯搭配解题英语中有许多固定的词组、短语和句型,在通读全文的基础上,认真分析句子结构,准确辨识句子中的这些固定搭配,利用平时的积累,基本上凭语感就可以解题。3.利用习惯搭配解题4.利用语篇标志解题语篇是一系列连续的语段或句子所构成的语言整体,其中各成分之间,在形式上是衔接的,在语义上是连贯的。起到语篇之间联系作用的词语就是语篇标志。如:firstly,secondly,next等表次序和列举;again,moreover,whatismore等表递进;similarly,equally,aswith等表4.利用语篇标志解题相似;so,altogether,thus,inshort等表总结等。利用这些语篇标志有助于准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系,弄清文章的来龙去脉。相似;so,altogether,thus,ins一、题型剖析,有的放矢拿高分一、题型剖析,有的放矢拿高分二、考场思维,实战得高分

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。二、考场思维,实战得高分

ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence

61

theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.ItisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchofThepolarbearisfoundinttherangehasbeen

62

(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

therangehasbeen62(poor)

Modernmethods

63

trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive

64

(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut

65

(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa

66

Modernmethods63tracking(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby

67

(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare

68

(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of

69

nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

70

(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

(believe)thatpopulationsare【考场思维模式】【考场思维模式】三、逆向思维,素养升华根据高考设题特点,请试着将下面语篇设计成语法填空题。

Dogsreallyareourbestfriends,accordingtoaSwedishstudythatsaysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease.Astudyof3.4millionpeoplebetweentheagesof40and80foundthathavingadogwas三、逆向思维,素养升华associatedwitha23%reductionindeathfromheartdiseaseanda20%lowerriskofdyingfromanycauseoverthe12yearsofthestudy.Previousstudieshavesuggesteddogsrelievesocialisolationanddepression—bothlinkedtoanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.associatedwitha23%reductio

Dogownersshowbetterresponsestostress(theirbloodpressureandpulseratesdon’tsoar),andhavehigherlevelsofphysicalactivityandslightlylowercholesterollevels.TheAmericanHeartAssociationwassufficientlyinfluencedbyareviewofdozensofstudiestoreleaseastatementin2013sayingthatowningadog“wasprobably”associatedwithareducedriskofheartDogownersshowbetterrespodisease.Theirreluctancetomorestronglyaccepteddogownershipisbecausemoststudiesarewhatiscalledobservational—researchersnoteanassociation,butcan’tprovecausation(因果关系).Thismeansthatotherfactorsmightexplainwhydogownersarehealthierthan,say,goldfishowners—forexample,perhapsonlypeoplewhoarefitinthefirstplacebuypetsthatneeddailywalking.disease.Theirreluctancetom【参考答案】

Dogsreallyareourbestfriends,accordingtoaSwedishstudy

1

saysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease.Astudyof3.4millionpeoplebetweentheagesof40and80foundthathavingadog

2

(associate)witha23%reductionindeathfromheartdiseaseanda20%lowerriskofdyingfromanycause【参考答案】overthe12yearsofthestudy.Previous

3

(study)havesuggesteddogsrelievesocialisolationanddepression—bothlinkedto

4

increasedriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.

overthe12yearsofthestudy

Dogownersshowbetterresponsestostress(theirbloodpressureandpulseratesdon’tsoar),andhavehigherlevelsofphysicalactivityandslightly

5

(low)cholesterollevels.TheAmericanHeartAssociationwassufficientlyinfluencedbyareviewofdozensofstudiestoreleaseastatementin2013

6

(say)thatowningadog“was

7

(probable)”associatedwithareducedDogownersshowbetterresporiskofheartdisease.Theirreluctancetomorestrongly

8

(accept)dogownershipisbecausemoststudiesarewhatiscalledobservational—researchersnoteanassociation,butcan’tprovecausation(因果关系).This

9

(mean)thatotherfactorsmightexplainwhydogownersarehealthierthan,say,goldfishowners—forexample,perhapsonlypeoplewhoarefit

10

thefirstplacebuypetsthatneeddailywalking.

riskofheartdisease.Theirr【文章大意】养狗有益于人们的身体健康。【文章大意】养狗有益于人们的身体健康。1.【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。_________saysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease是定语从句,修饰先行词study,从句中缺少主语,应用that或者which引导。

1.【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。_____2.【解析】wasassociated。考查时态语态和主谓一致。动名词短语havingadog作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式;根据主句谓语动词found可知,that从句应用一般过去时,beassociatedwith与……有联系。3.【解析】studies。考查名词复数。根据谓语动词havesuggested可知,主语study应用复数形式。2.【解析】wasassociated。考查时态语态和主4.【解析】an。考查冠词。修饰risk应用不定冠词,increase为元音音素开头,应用an。5.【解析】lower。考查形容词比较级。根据前面的higher可知,此处应用形容词low的比较级。4.【解析】an。考查冠词。修饰risk应用不定冠词,i6.【解析】saying。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句中wasinfluenced是谓语,say为非谓语动词,say和statement之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式。7.【解析】probably。考查词性转换。修饰动词associated应用副词。6.【解析】saying。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知8.【解析】accepted。考查非谓语动词。accept和dogownership之间是被动关系,应用过去分词。9.【解析】means。考查主谓一致。句中this为第三人称单数形式,谓语动词mean应用单数。10.【解析】in。考查介词。inthefirstplace是固定搭配。8.【解析】accepted。考查非谓语动词。accept专题四语法填空第一部分解题技法总论专题四语法填空2020年英语高考二轮复习专题4语法填空-(5)并列连词和三大从句【考情透析】根据近三年的高考试题可以看出,高考语法填空充分体现了“实词考查为主、虚词考查为辅”的命题原则。命题形式分为提示类填空和自由类填空。【考情透析】1.提示类填空全国卷中,提示类填空为7个实词。主要考查动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、名词的复数形式、形容词和副词的比较级、代词的格及同一词根的不同词性的转化。1.提示类填空2.自由类填空全国卷中,自由类填空为3个虚词。主要考查代词、介词、冠词、连词、时间及地点副词等。2.自由类填空【策略点睛】1.利用体裁特点解题快速通读整篇文章,了解其体裁特征,理清其逻辑关系,初步摸清文章的主题、大意、时态、语态等,给分析句子和填空提供可靠的逻辑推理依据。【策略点睛】2.利用句法分析解题语法填空主要是从语法角度入手,对句子结构进行分析。简单句要分析其成分是否完整;每种成分由什么样的词性来充当;复合句要弄清从句的作用以及主从句之间的逻辑关系;特殊句式要分析是否符合其固定的格式。2.利用句法分析解题3.利用习惯搭配解题英语中有许多固定的词组、短语和句型,在通读全文的基础上,认真分析句子结构,准确辨识句子中的这些固定搭配,利用平时的积累,基本上凭语感就可以解题。3.利用习惯搭配解题4.利用语篇标志解题语篇是一系列连续的语段或句子所构成的语言整体,其中各成分之间,在形式上是衔接的,在语义上是连贯的。起到语篇之间联系作用的词语就是语篇标志。如:firstly,secondly,next等表次序和列举;again,moreover,whatismore等表递进;similarly,equally,aswith等表4.利用语篇标志解题相似;so,altogether,thus,inshort等表总结等。利用这些语篇标志有助于准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系,弄清文章的来龙去脉。相似;so,altogether,thus,ins一、题型剖析,有的放矢拿高分一、题型剖析,有的放矢拿高分二、考场思维,实战得高分

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。二、考场思维,实战得高分

ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence

61

theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.ItisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchofThepolarbearisfoundinttherangehasbeen

62

(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

therangehasbeen62(poor)

Modernmethods

63

trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive

64

(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut

65

(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa

66

Modernmethods63tracking(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby

67

(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare

68

(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of

69

nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

70

(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

(believe)thatpopulationsare【考场思维模式】【考场思维模式】三、逆向思维,素养升华根据高考设题特点,请试着将下面语篇设计成语法填空题。

Dogsreallyareourbestfriends,accordingtoaSwedishstudythatsaysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease.Astudyof3.4millionpeoplebetweentheagesof40and80foundthathavingadogwas三、逆向思维,素养升华associatedwitha23%reductionindeathfromheartdiseaseanda20%lowerriskofdyingfromanycauseoverthe12yearsofthestudy.Previousstudieshavesuggesteddogsrelievesocialisolationanddepression—bothlinkedtoanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.associatedwitha23%reductio

Dogownersshowbetterresponsestostress(theirbloodpressureandpulseratesdon’tsoar),andhavehigherlevelsofphysicalactivityandslightlylowercholesterollevels.TheAmericanHeartAssociationwassufficientlyinfluencedbyareviewofdozensofstudiestoreleaseastatementin2013sayingthatowningadog“wasprobably”associatedwithareducedriskofheartDogownersshowbetterrespodisease.Theirreluctancetomorestronglyaccepteddogownershipisbecausemoststudiesarewhatiscalledobservational—researchersnoteanassociation,butcan’tprovecausation(因果关系).Thismeansthatotherfactorsmightexplainwhydogownersarehealthierthan,say,goldfishowners—forexample,perhapsonlypeoplewhoarefitinthefirstplacebuypetsthatneeddailywalking.disease.Theirreluctancetom【参考答案】

Dogsreallyareourbestfriends,accordingtoaSwedishstudy

1

saysdogownershipcouldreduceheartdisease.Astudyof3.4millionpeoplebetweentheagesof40and80foundthathavingadog

2

(associate)witha23%reductionindeathfromheartdiseaseanda20%lowerriskofdyingfromanycause【参考答案】overthe12yearsofthestudy.Previous

3

(study)havesuggesteddogsrelievesocialisolationanddepression—bothlinkedto

4

increasedriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.

overthe12yearsofthestudy

Dogownersshowbetterresponsestostress(theirbloodpressureandpulseratesdon’tsoar),andhavehigherlevelsofphysicalactivityandslightly

5

(low)cholesterollevels.TheAmericanHeartAssociationwassufficientlyinfluencedbyareviewofdozensofstudiestoreleaseastatementin2013

6

(say)thatowningadog“was

7

(probable)”associatedwithareducedDogownersshowbetterresporiskofheartdisease.Theirreluctancetomorestrongly

8

(accept)dogownershipisbecausemoststudiesarewhatiscalledobservational—researchersnoteanassociation,butcan’tprovecausation