2022年考研考博-考博英语-哈尔滨工业大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号31

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-哈尔滨工业大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Theterm“remotesensing”referstothetechniquesofmeasurementandinterpretation

ofphenomenafromadistance.Priortothemid-1960’stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth’sgeologicfeatures.Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.Digitalmultispectralimaginghasnowbecomethebasictoolingeologicremotesensingfromsatellites.

Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.Withdigitalprocessing,itispossibletocombinealargenumberofspectralimages.Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.LandsatMSSdataarenowbeingappliedtoavarietyofgeologicproblemsthataredifficulttosolvebyconventionalmethodsalone.Theseincludespecificproblemsinmineralandenergyresourceexplorationandthechartingofglaciersandshallowseas.

Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.Suchreconstructionshaveimportantpracticalapplicationsbecausetheconditionsunderwhichrockunitsandotherstructuralfeaturesareformedinfluencetheoccurrenceoforeandpetroleumdepositsandaffectthethicknessandintegrityofthegeologicmediainwhichthedepositsarefound.

Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources.Withremote-sensingtechniquesitispossibletoobtainmuchgeologicinformationmoreefficientlythanitcanbeobtainedontheground.Thesetechniquesalsofacilitateoverallinterpretation.Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.However,somecriticalinformationcannotbeobtainedthroughremotesensing,andseveralcharacteristicsoftheLandsatMSSimposelimitationsontheacquisitionofdiagnosticdata.Someoftheselimitationscanbeovercomebydesigningsatellitesystemsspecificallyforgeologicpurposes;buttobemosteffective,remote-sensingdatamuststillbecombinedwithdatafromfieldsurveysandlaboratorytests,thetechniquesoftheearliertwentiethcentury.

1.Byusingtheword“interpretative”inline32.Theauthorisindicatingwhichofthefollowing?

2.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutgeologicmappingwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

3.Accordingtothepassage,measurementsofwhichofthefollowingcanbeprovidedbytheoptomechanicalscannerbutnotbyvisible-lightphotography?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajordisadvantageofphotographicimagingingeologicmappingisthatsuchphotography.

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatLandsatimagesdifferfromconventionalgeologicmapsinthatLandsatimages.

6.ThepassageprovidesinformationabouteachofthefollowingtopicsEXCEPT（

）.

7.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthe“conventionalmethods”mentionedinline24?

问题1选项

A.Somemapsarebasedmoreondatafromaerialphotographythanondatafromfieldoperations.

B.Somemapsarebasedalmostexclusivelyonlaboratorymeasurements

C.Somemapsarebasedonincompletedatafromfieldobservations.

D.Somemapsshowonlylargegeologicfeatures.

问题2选项

A.Geologicmappingisbasicallyanartandnotascience.

B.Geologicmappinghasnotchangedsignificantlysincetheearly1960’s

C.Geologicmappingwillhavelimitedpracticalapplicationsuntilremote-sensingsystemsareperfected.

D.Adevelopmentalmilestoneingeologicmappingwasreachedin1972.

问题3选项

A.Theamountofvisiblelightreflectedfromoceans.

B.ThedensityoffoliageinremoteareasontheEarth’ssurface.

C.DailytemperaturechangesofareasontheEarth’ssurface.

D.ThedegreeofradioactivityemittedbyexposedrocksontheEarth’ssurface.

问题4选项

A.cannotbeusedatnight.

B.cannotfocusonthedetailsofageologicarea.

C.mustbechemicallyprocessed.

D.isalwaysenhancedbydigitalreconstruction.

问题5选项

A.revealtheexactsizeofpetroleumdepositsandoredeposits.

B.indicatethecontinuityoffeaturesthatmightnototherwisebeinterpretedascontinuous.

C.predictthemovementsofglaciers.

D.providehighlyaccuratedataabouttheoccurrenceofmineraldeposits.

问题6选项

A.theprincipalmethodofgeologicremotesensingpriortothemid-1960*s

B.someofthephenomenameasuredbydigitalmultispectralimagesinremotesensing.

C.someofthepracticalusesofregionalgeologicmaps.

D.thespecificlimitationsoftheLandsatmultispectralscanner.

问题7选项

A.Theyconsistprimarilyoffieldsurveysandlaboratorymeasurements.

B.Theyarenotusefulinprovidinginformationnecessaryforreconstructinggeologicevolution.

C.Theyhaverarelybeenusedbygeologistssince1972.

D.Theyareusedprimarilytogathercompositionalinformationaboutgeologicfeatures.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources—地质图采集了数量繁多、形形色的一整套具体的实地测量和实验室测量数据，但是因为实地测量受到岩石裸露、可到达程度以及人力资源的限制，所以这一地质图必须进行分析。确定C选项‘一些地图的数据是来源于实地观察的不完整地数据’正确。

2.根据文章第二段：Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner（MSS）aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.1972年，安装在Landsat卫星上的多谱线扫描仪传送出来的首批多谱线的数字数据，吸引了整个地学界的注意。确定D选项‘1972年成为地质制图发展的里程碑’正确。

3.根据文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家开始利用那些超出可见光摄影术感知范围的数据构造数字化多谱线图像。这些图像的建造是通过用机械手段对一些现象的图像进行整理，如可见光谱外光波的反射，无线电波的折射以及地球表面一些地区日常温度的变化。确定C选项‘地球表面许多地区温度的日间变化’正确。

4.根据文章第二段：Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessing.相对于其它的摄影成像，数字成像的优点是明显的，产生的数字化数据可以被精确地理解，并且不会受到难以控制的化学过程的不规则性的影响。确定C选项‘必须经过化学过程’正确。

5.根据文章第四段：Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.由于详尽知地质绘图一般在小的范围内进行，所以那些具有断断续续和多变量的区域特征的连续性就经常不能被认可，但是Landsat卫星的全方位的观察角度，能将这一连续性呈现出来。确定B选项‘指明特征的连续性并不能解释为连续性‘正确。

6.根据文章第一段：Priortothemid-1960stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth'sgeologicfeatures.在20世纪中叶之前，对胶片的解释是对地球地质特征进行遥感的主要方法。所以A选项‘地质遥感的主要方法在20世纪60年代之前就出现’符合原文。根据文章第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.随着光机械扫描仪的发展，科学家#始构造数字化多谱线图像，利用那些超出可见光影敏感范围的数据。所以B选项‘出现了在遥感中利用数字化多谱线图像进行测量的现象’符合原文。根据文章第三段：Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.：区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。所以C选项‘一些地区地质图有实用性’符合原文。用排除法确定D选项‘Landsat卫星扫描仪有特殊限制‘文中未提及，符合题意。

7.根据文章第三段：Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.遥感更基本的应用是增强传统的大范围的地质绘图的方法。Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.区域地图向重构地质进化过程，提供了成分、结构及时间顺序等信息。再根据文章第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements...地质图采集了数量繁多、形形色的一整套具体的实地测量和实验室测量数据。确定A选项‘它们主要包括实地考察生实验室测量’正确。

2.单选题

Britain’srichestpeoplehaveexperiencedthebiggesteverriseintheirwealth,accordingtotheSundayTimesRichList.DrivenbytheneweconomyoftheInternetandcomputerentrepreneurs,thewealthofthoseatthetopofthefinancialtreehasincreasedatanunprecedentedrate.The12thannualRichListwillshowthatthecollectiveworthofthecountry’srichest1,000peoplereachednearly146billionpoundsbyJanuary,thecutoffpointforthesurvey.Theyrepresentedanincreaseof31billion,or27%,injust12months.Sincethesurveywascompiled,Britain’srichesthaveaddedbillionsmoretotheirwealth,thankstothecontinuingboomintechnologysharesonthestockmarket.Thishaspushedupthetotalvalueofthewealthoftherichest1,000toaprobable160billionaccordingtoDr.PhilipBeresford,Britain’sacknowledgedexpertonpersonalwealthwhocompilestheSundayTimesRichList.

ThemillenniumboomexceedsanythinginBritain’seconomichistory,includingtherailwayboomofthe1840sandtheSouthSeabubbleof1720.IthasmadeMargaretThatcher’sboomseemassluggishasEdwardHeath’s“threedayweek”,saidBeresford.“Weareseeingbillionsbeingaddedtothenationalwealtheveryweek.”WilliamRubinstein,professorofmodernhistoryattheUniversityofWales;AbeYstwyth,confirmedthatthegrowthinwealthwasunprecedented.Almostalloftoday’swealthhasbeencreatedsincetheindustrialrevolution,butevenbythoseheadystandardsthecurrentboomisextraordinary,hesaid.“Thereisnolargescaleculturaloppositionorguiltaboutmakingmoney.InmanywaysBritishbusinessattitudescannowchallengetheUnitedStates.”

AlthoughtheBritain’srichestareexperiencingthesharpestsurgeinwealth,therestofthepopulationhasalsobenefitedfromthestockmarketboomandrisinghouseprices.Lastyearwealthroseby16%toarecord4,267billion,accordingtocalculationsbytheinvestmentbankSalomonSmithBarney.Inrealterms,wealthhasincreasedbymorethanathirdsincethelate1980s.Muchofthewealthoftherichestisheldinsharesinstart-upcompanies.

Someofthesepaperfortunes,analystsagree,couldeasilybewipedout,althoughthewealthgeneratingeffectsoftheInternetrevolutionseemtobeheretostay.ASundayTimesYoungRichListconfirmsthatpeoplearebecomingwealthieryounger.Itincludesthe60richestmillionairesaged30orunder.Atthetop,on600m,isthe“oldmoney”EarlofInveigh,30,headoftheGuinnessbrewingfamily.InsecondplaceisCharlesNasser,also30,wholaunchedtheClaraNETInternetproviderfouryearsagoandisworth300m.Theremainingeightinthetop10youngmillionairesmadetheirmoneyfromcomputingandtheInternet.

16.The“cutoffpointforthesurvey”(inParagraph1)refersto______.

17.WhichoneisanexampleofthechangedbusinessattitudeinBritain?

18.ThemillenniumeconomicboominBritain______.

19.Whydoestheauthorcallthewealthoftheriches“paperfortunes”?

20.Anewtendencyemergedinthecurrentboomisthat______.

问题1选项

A.146billion—thecollectiveworthofthecountry’srichest1,000people

B.January—thedeadlineforthesurvey

C.31million—theincreaseofwealthinjust12months

D.160billion—thetotalvalueofthewealthofrichest1000

问题2选项

A.Today’seconomicboomcannotsurpassMargaretThatcher’sboom.

B.ThreedayweekshowedthatBritishpeopleweremoresluggishthantheyaretoday.

C.Peopledonotfeelguiltyaboutmakingmoney.

D.DoingbusinessinBritainismorechallengingthaninAmerica.

问题3选项

A.benefitstherichestalone

B.makesthelifeoftherestofthepopulationevenworseoff

C.hasaddedtotheBritain’swealthby16%sincethelate1980s

D.isprimarilyduetotheinternetrevolution

问题4选项

A.BecausetheirwealthismainlygeneratedfromtechnologyShares.

B.Becausetheirwealthcanbeeasilylost.

C.Becausetheirwealthisgreatlyinfluencedbystartingupcompanies.

D.Becausetheirwealthisquicklydevaluatedwiththeupanddownofhouseprices.

问题5选项

A.moreandmorepeoplestarthi-techbusinesstoamassfortune

B.peoplearebecomingrichatyoungerages

C.mostoftherichestmaketheirfortunebyinheritance

D.alltherichestmillionairesareaged30orabove

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】16.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干关键词“cutoffpointforthesurvey”可以定位到文章第一段第三句The12thannualRichListwillshowthatthecollectiveworthofthecountry’srichest1,000peoplereachednearly146billionpoundsbyJanuary,thecutoffpointforthesurvey.（第12次年度财富排行榜将显示，到调查的截止日期1月份，英国最富有的1000人的财富总和达到了1460亿英镑。），说明“cutoffpointforthesurvey”在文中的意思是指调查的截止日期。因此B选项“1月——调查的截止日期”正确。A选项“1460亿——全国最富有的1000人的总身价”，C选项“3100万——短短12个月内财富增加的数量”，D选项“1600亿——最富有的1000人的财富总价值”均不符合题意，所以A，C，D错误。

17.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词“businessattitude”可以定位到文章第二段倒数第一、二句Thereisnolargescaleculturaloppositionorguiltaboutmakingmoney.InmanywaysBritishbusinessattitudescannowchallengetheUnitedStates.（人们对赚钱没有大规模的文化上的反对或负罪感。英国商业态度现在在许多方面都能挑战美国。），说明英国商业态度的转变在于对赚钱没有负罪感。因此C选项“人们对赚钱不感到内疚”正确。A选项“今天的经济繁荣不能超越撒切尔夫人时期的繁荣”，由原文可知现在比撒切尔夫人执政时期更加繁荣，所以A错误。B选项“每周三天工作制表明英国人比现在更不景气”，D选项“在英国做生意比在美国更有挑战性”均不符合题意，所以B，D错误。

18.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】客观细节题。由A选项关键词“richest”可以定位到文章第三段第一句AlthoughtheBritain’srichestareexperiencingthesharpestsurgeinwealth,therestofthepopulationhasalsobenefitedfromthestockmarketboomandrisinghouseprices.（虽然英国最富有的人们正在经历财产最强劲的攀升，其他老百姓也从股市的繁荣和房价的上涨中获得了利益。），说明英国的千禧年经济繁荣不光只让最富有的人受益，普通老百姓也能获得利益，所以A选项“只让最富有的人受益”错误。B选项“使其他人民的生活更加恶化了”，由原文可知，其他人民也从中获得了利益，所以B选项错误。由C选项关键词“thelate1980s”可以定位到文章第三段第三句Inrealterms,wealthhasincreasedbymorethanathirdsincethelate1980s.（按实际价值计算，自上世纪80年代末以来，财富增长了三分之一以上。），说明英国的财富增加了三分之一以上，所以C选项“自20世纪80年代末以来使英国的财富增加了16%”错误。由D选项关键词“internetrevolution”可以定位到文章第四段第一句Someofthesepaperfortunes,analystsagree,couldeasilybewipedout,althoughthewealthgeneratingeffectsoftheInternetrevolutionseemtobeheretostay.（分析人士认为，尽管互联网革命产生的财富效应似乎会持续下去，但其中一些纸上财富可能很容易被抹去。），说明英国的千禧年经济繁荣是由互联网革命创造的。因此D选项“主要是由于互联网革命”正确。

19.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第一句话，someofthesepaperwealth,这里的these指向上文，因此往前文可以看到第三段最后一句Muchofthewealthoftherichestisheldinsharesinstart-upcompanies.（最富有的人的大部分财富都持有在初创公司的股票中。）也就是说，这些财富很可能由于初创公司的失败而付诸东流。因此作者在这里称这些财富为“paperwealth”，C选项“主要受初创公司影响”正确。A选项“因为他们的财富主要来自于科技股”，B选项“因为他们的财富很容易流失”，D选项“因为他们的财富会随着房价的涨跌而迅速贬值”在文中均没有提及，所以A，B，D错误。

20.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第二句ASundayTimesYoungRichListconfirmsthatpeoplearebecomingwealthieryounger.（《星期日泰晤士报》的一份青年富豪榜证实，人们在更年轻的时候变得更富有。），说明出现的一个新趋势是人们成为富豪的年龄越来越小。因此B选项“人们致富的年龄越来越小”正确。A选项“越来越多的人创办高科技企业来积累财富”，C选项“最富有的人多数是靠继承发家的”，D选项“最富有的百万富翁都是30岁以上的人”均不符合原文的意思，所以A，C，D错误。

3.单选题

Backintheearly1990s,Iknewlittleaboutcomputersbeyondwhatittooktogetthroughaworkingday.Buthere’swhatIdidknow:somethinghugewashappening.ItwasstirringeconomiesandimaginationsandpossibilitieslikenothingIhadeverknown.IknewtheworldwaschanginginwaysthatmeantIshouldn’tcountonoldassumptions.AndIknewIhaddreamsIstillhadn’tfulfilled.ButIdidn’tknowhowtorealizethemuntilImetwithmyoldfriend,RollyRouse,whenwehappenedtomoveintothesameneighborhood.

Rollyoftencalledmewithastreamofideas.Hisrateofideaproductionpersecondseemedalmostincredible.Soonwewereonthephonewitheachothereveryday.TalkingabouttheInternet.Talkingaboutstartinganewonlinecompany—maybetogether.

Hewasthendevelopingaplanandhewantedmetobeapartofit:wewouldgivepeoplewonderful,wholeelectronichousesonaCD-ROMandletthemmodifythosehomestotheirownneeds.Tryoutdifferentwindowsanddoors,differentpaintcolorsandfurnishings.Whentheyweresatisfied,wewouldenablethemtogoonlinetomaketheprojecthappen,togettheproductsandthefinancingandtheprofessionaldesignandconstructiontohelptodoitoutright.

BuildingBlockswasthenameRollycameupwithforhisnewenterprise.Rollytooktheplungefirst.Hesimplydroppedhisprofitableenergy-consultingbusinesstocommithimselffulltimetoBuildingBlocks.IsoonjoinedhimafterIquitmywell-paidjobatanewspaper.

TogetherwedevelopedademotoshowthefeaturesofourCD-ROM,“TheNewAmericanDreamHome”.ThenwetookittotheannualconventionoftheNationalAssociationofHomeBuildersinBoston.Allthebigcompanieswerethereshowingofftheirlatestproducts.

Toourdelight,nearlyeveryonewaseagertoseewhatwewereshowing,includingthetopexecutivesofsomeenormouscompanies.Whenweleft,wehadinvitationsfromthemtocometotheirofficestotellthemmoreaboutBuildingBlocks.

ThatwasthestartofmyreallifetimedreamandBuildBlocks,ourcompany,hasbeenprosperingeversince.

1.By“somethinghugewashappening”,thewriterrefersto______.

2.ThetextshowsthatRollyRouseis______.

3.BuildingBlocksisacompanythathelpspeopleto______.

4.Rollyandthewriterdecidedtostartacompanytogetherbecausetheywereboth______.

5.AttheBostonconvention,Rollyandthewriterwerehappybecause______.

问题1选项

A.housedesigning

B.homedecoration

C.furnitureproduction

D.high-techdevelopment

问题2选项

A.creative

B.cautious

C.considerate

D.conservative

问题3选项

A.rentidealhouses

B.buyidealhouses

C.findidealhouses

D.ownidealhouses

问题4选项

A.expertinarchitected

B.underpaidattheirjobs

C.outofworkatthetime

D.interestedine-business

问题5选项

A.theyarousedpeople’sinterestintheirproducts

B.theysoldsomeoftheirownproductsrightthere

C.theygottheirfirstordersfromsomefamousbuildingfirms

D.theyhadtheopportunitytovisitsomefamousbuildingfirms

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干关键词“somethinghugewashappening”可以定位到文章第一段，根据第一段第一句Backintheearly1990s,Iknewlittleaboutcomputersbeyondwhatittooktogetthroughaworkingday.（上世纪90年代初，我对电脑知之甚少，只知道工作一天的用电量。）和第三句ItwasstirringeconomiesandimaginationsandpossibilitieslikenothingIhadeverknown.（它对经济、想象力和可能性的刺激是我从未见过的。）可知，前后文讲的主要是技术带来的影响，由此可以推断巨大的变化指的是高科技的发展。因此D选项“高科技的发展”正确。A选项“房屋设计”，B选项“室内装修”，C选项“家具生产”均不符合题意，所以A，B，C错误。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句Rollyoftencalledmewithastreamofideas.Hisrateofideaproductionpersecondseemedalmostincredible.（罗利经常给我打电话，说出一连串的想法。他每秒钟产生创意的速度简直令人难以置信。），说明罗利是一个很有创意的人。因此A选项“创意”正确。B选项“谨慎”，C选项“体贴”，D选项“保守”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第第三段第二、三句Tryoutdifferentwindowsanddoors,differentpaintcolorsandfurnishings.Whentheyweresatisfied,wewouldenablethemtogoonlinetomaketheprojecthappen,togettheproductsandthefinancingandtheprofessionaldesignandconstructiontohelptodoitoutright.（尝试不同的门窗，不同的油漆颜色和家具。当他们满意的时候，我们就让他们去网上实现自己的规划，购买产品及专业的设计和建筑，我们将帮助他们实现规划。），说明这一系列动作的结果就是帮助人们拥有一个理想的房子。因此D选项“拥有理想的房子”正确。A选项“租用理想的房子”，B选项“购买理想的房子”，C选项“找到理想的房子”均不符合题意，所以A，B，C错误。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段第二、三句Hesimplydroppedhisprofitableenergy-consultingbusinesstocommithimselffulltimetoBuildingBlocks.IsoonjoinedhimafterIquitmywell-paidjobatanewspaper.（他干脆放弃了利润丰厚的能源咨询业务，把全部时间都投入到BuildingBlocks上。我辞去了在一家报社的高薪工作，不久就加入了他的行列。），说明两个人都拥有一份收入较高的工作，为了共同的兴趣而辞职。因此D选项“对电子商务感兴趣”正确。A选项“建筑学专家”在文中没有提及，所以A错误。B选项“工作报酬低”，C选项“当时没有工作”，由原文可知，当时两人都有工作，且收入很高，所以B，C错误。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章倒数第二段第一句Toourdelight,nearlyeveryonewaseagertoseewhatwewereshowing,includingthetopexecutivesofsomeenormouscompanies.（令我们高兴的是，几乎每个人都急于看我们展示的东西，包括一些大公司的高管。），说明他们很开心是因为大家对他们的产品很感兴趣。因此A选项“他们引起了人们对他们产品的兴趣”正确。B选项“他们卖出了一些自己的产品”，C选项“他们的第一笔订单来自一些著名的建筑公司”，D选项“他们有机会参观一些著名的建筑公司”均不符合题意，所以B，C，D错误。

4.单选题

Itwasabrief,shiningmomentinEgypt’shistory—atimeofepochalchangepresidedoverbyaPharaohnamedAkhenatenandhisbeautifulwifeNefertiti.Duringhis17-yearreigntheoldgodswerecastaside,monotheismwasintroduced,andtheartsliberatedfromtheirstiflingrigidity.EvenEgypt’scapitalwasmovedtoanewcityalongtheNilecalledAkhetaten(modernAmarna).ButlikeCamelot,itwasshort-lived,anditslegacywasburiedinthedesertsands.

NowAkhenaten’s3,400-year-oldworldhasbeenbrilliantlyrecalledinanexhibittitled“PharaohsoftheSun:Akhenaten,Nefertiti,Tutankhamen,”whichopensthisweekatBoston’sMuseumofFineArts.Partofthecity’seight-monthtributetoancientEgypt(operas,balletandanIMAXfilm),itisauniqueassemblageofmorethan250objectsfromEgypt’s18thdynasty,someofwhichhavelanguishedunseeninstoreroomsandprivatecollectionsfordecades.Theyrangefromlarger-than-lifestatuesofAkhenatentoexquisitelysculptedreliefsanddazzlingjewelrytosuchpoignantremindersofeverydaylifeasaperfectlypreservedchild’ssandal.

TheexhibitilluminatesamurkyperiodinEgyptianhistorythatcuratorRitaFreeddescribesashaving“alltheelementsofasoapopera.”WhenAmenhotepIV,ashewasoriginallycalled,ascendedthethronein1353B.C.,Egyptwasaflourishingempire,atpeacewithitsneighbors.Yetthereweretroublingsigns.HisfatherAmenhotepIIIhadalreadychallengedthepowerfulpriesthoodbyproclaimingthesungodAtenasforemostamongEgyptiandeitiesandhimselfashislivingincarnation.

Hissonshookthingsupevenmore,notonlychanginghisnametohonorthenewgod(Akhenatenmeans“onewhoservesAten”)butalsobanishingtheoldergods,especiallythepriestlyfavoriteAmen.SomescholarsbelieveAkhenaten’smonotheism,ahistoricfirst,inspiredtheHebrewprophets,butithadthemoreimmediateeffectoffreeingEgypt’sartists.TheycouldnowportraythePharaohandthevoluptuousNefertiti(whomayhavesharedthethronewithhim)inafarmorecasual,realisticway.Akhenaten’scone-shapedhead,elongatedface,fingersandtoes,potbellyandflaringhipshaveledsomescholarstosuggestthathehadhydrocephalusorMarfan’ssyndrome.

Hewascertainlyarevolutionary,propelledeitherbymadnessorbygreatvision.Still,hischangesdidnotendure.Afterhisdeath,hisson-in-law(andperhapsson)TutankhamenmovedthepoliticalandreligiouscapitalsbacktoMemphisandThebesrespectivelyandreinstatedtheoldgods.Egyptianartreturnedtoitsclassic,ritualizedstyle.AndlikeCamelot,Akhenaten’soncebustlingcapitalbecameonlyamythicmemory.“PharaohsoftheSun”willremaininBostonuntilFebruary,thentraveltoLosAngeles,ChicagoandLeiden,theNetherlands.

26.WhichofthefollowingeventdidnothappenduringAkhenaten’sreignoverEgypt?

27.WecanlearnfromthetextthatinBoston,manyactivitiesareheldastributetoancientEgyptexcept______.

28.TheviewsofAkhenatenandhisfatheronthesungodAtenare______.

29.Tutankhamen,accordingtothetext,probably______.

30.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitonancientEgypt’s18thdynasty?

问题1选项

A.Hebanishedtheoldergods.

B.Peoplehadtoworshiponegod—thesungodAten.

C.Egyptianartistssufferedfromamorecasual,realisticwayofportraying.

D.HebuiltanewcapitalalongtheNile.

问题2选项

A.pageant

B.ballet

C.operas

D.movie

问题3选项

A.opposite

B.controversial

C.complementary

D.similar

问题4选项

A.movedthepoliticalcapitalbacktoThebes

B.gavetheoldergodsbacktheirpreviousposition

C.mighthadgotsomediseasethatmadehisfacelongerthanthehealthypeople

D.movedthereligiouscapitalbacktoMemphis

问题5选项

A.Itmainlyconsistsofstatuesofthepharaohsofthattime.

B.ItwilllastforeightmonthsinBoston.

C.Itisveryenlighteningforpeopletoknowthatperiod.

D.Theobjectsontheexhibitusedtobestoredinprivatecollection.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】26.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由A选项关键词“oldergods”可以定位到文章第四段第一句butalsobanishingtheoldergods（而且还摒弃了旧神），说明阿肯纳坦在统治期间驱逐了旧神，所以A选项“他摒弃了旧神”表述正确，排除A。由B选项关键词“Aten”可以定位到文章第四段第一句notonlychanginghisnametohonorthenewgod(Akhenatenmeans“onewhoservesAten”)（他不仅把自己的名字改为阿肯纳坦，意为阿坦的仆人），第一段中也提到monotheismwasintroduced（一神论被引入），说明在阿肯纳坦统治期间人们信奉唯一的太阳神，所以B选项“人们不得不崇拜唯一神——太阳神阿坦”表述正确，排除B。由D选项关键词“capital”可以定位到文章第一段第三句EvenEgypt’scapitalwasmovedtoanewcityalongtheNilecalledAkhetaten.（甚至埃及的首都也迁到尼罗河边的新城市阿希提顿。），说明阿肯纳坦统治期间在尼罗河边建立了新首都，所以D选项“他在尼罗河边建立了一个新的首都”表述正确，排除D。由C选项关键词“portraying”可以定位到文章第四段第三句TheycouldnowportraythePharaohandthevoluptuousNefertitiinafarmorecasual,realisticway.（现在他们可以更为真实随意的描画法老和妖艳性感的奈菲提提。），第一段中也提到theartsliberatedfromtheirstiflingrigidity.（艺术也从令人窒息的一成不变中解脱出来。），说明在阿肯纳坦统治期间艺术家可以更真实随意的画像，而不是束缚他们。因此C选项“埃及的艺术家们苦于没有更随意真实的描绘方式”不符合原文，本题选C。

27.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词“tributetoancientEgypt”可以定位到文章第二段第二句Partofthecity’seight-monthtributetoancientEgypt(operas,balletandanIMAXfilm)（这次展览只是波士顿为期8个月的致敬古埃及活动中的一部分，其它形式还有歌剧、芭蕾、一部IMAX电影），说明向古埃及致敬的活动有展览、歌剧、芭蕾、电影，所以B选项“芭蕾”，C选项“歌剧”，D选项“电影”符合原文，排除B，C，D。A选项“盛会”在文中没有提及，不属于向古埃及致敬的活动，所以本题选A。

28.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句HisfatherAmenhotepIIIhadalreadychallengedthepowerfulpriesthoodbyproclaimingthesungodAtenasforemostamongEgyptiandeitiesandhimselfashislivingincarnation.（他的父亲阿蒙赫特普三世已经质疑势力强大的教会，宣称太阳神阿坦是埃及诸神中最具威力的神灵，他本人则是太阳神的转世化身。），和第四段第一句Hissonshookthingsupevenmore,notonlychanginghisnametohonorthenewgod(Akhenatenmeans“onewhoservesAten”)butalsobanishingtheoldergods,especiallythepriestlyfavoriteAmen.（儿子做得更甚，他不仅把自己的名字改为阿肯纳坦——意为阿坦的仆人——以表示对太阳神的敬意，而且不许人们崇拜以往的神灵，特别是教会的至爱阿门神。），说明阿肯纳坦及其父亲都只推崇太阳神，两人对太阳神的态度是一样的。因此D选项“相似”正确。A选项“相反”，B选项“争议”，C选项“补充”均不符合题意，所以A，B，C错误。

29.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词“Tutank