2022年考研考博-考博英语-天津师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号44

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-天津师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Thegoalofcommunicationisto（

）thoughtsandideasclearlyandeffectivelythroughvariousmodesofcommunication,includingspeakingandwriting,telecommunicationsandothertechnology.

问题1选项

A.promote

B.articulate

C.generate

D.brainstorm

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。promote意为“促进，推进”；articulate意为“明确表达，发音清晰”；generate意为“形成，造成”；brainstorm意为“具体讨论”。

句意：沟通的目的是通过各种交流方式，包括说话和写作、电信和其他技术，清晰有效地表达思想观念。

2.单选题

WhatyouoverheardthatdaydidhavesomethingtodowithMartin（

）.

问题1选项

A.inaway

B.intheway

C.ontheway

D.outoftheway

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。inaway意为“在某种程度上”；intheway意为“妨碍”；ontheway意为“在途中，接近”；outoftheway意为“偏远”。句意：你那天无意中听到的事确实与马丁在某种程度上有关。

3.单选题

（

）theprecisequalitiesoftheheroinliteraryworksmayvaryovertime,basicexemplaryfunctionoftheheroseemstoremainconstant.

问题1选项

A.Whatever

B.Inspiteof

C.Eventhough

D.Regardless

【答案】C

【解析】考查让步状语从句。分析句子，可知逗号后面的为主句，逗号前面的从句主谓完整，缺少一个连接副词连接句子，whatever在句中可作主语与宾语，从句中的谓语动词mayvary后面不需要接宾语了，因此用Eventhough。inspiteof后面接的是名词或者动名词，不跟从句；regardless后面不接句子。

句意：尽管文学作品中主人公的精湛品质可能随着时间的推移而变化，但英雄的基本模范作用似乎保持不变。

4.单选题

Inmostcasesimpoverishedmothershavesymptomsofanxietybecauseofthe（

）theymustcopewithintheirdailylives,ratherthanbecauseoftruementalhealthissues.

问题1选项

A.adversity

B.substance

C.depletion

D.trauma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。adversity意为“困境，不幸”；substance意为“物质，材料”；depletion意为“消耗，用尽”；trauma意为“创伤”。

句意：在大多数情况下，贫困的母亲有焦虑的症状，因为他们必须应对日常生活中的不幸，而不是因为真正的心理健康问题。

5.单选题

Therealfriendistheonewhocomestothe（

）inyourhourofneed;whoistherewithcomfortinadversityandwhoshareswithyouhisownsuccess.

问题1选项

A.attention

B.stage

C.point

D.rescue

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。attention意为“注意”；stage意为“阶段”；point意为“论点，观点”；rescue意为“救援，营救”。

句意：真正的朋友是在你需要的时候来帮助你，在逆境中给你安慰，与你分享他成功的人。

6.单选题

ChristianscalmJesuswasareal（

）character,butsometodayhavetheirdoubts.

问题1选项

A.historical

B.historic

C.history

D.historian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。historical意为“历史的，历史上的”，指的是和历史有关的或是历史上出现过的人或事；historic意为“有历史影响的”，指重要的历史事件；history意为“历史，历史学”；historian意为“历史学家”。

句意：基督徒声称耶稣是历史上一个真实的人物，但今天有些人对此表示怀疑。

7.单选题

Militaryordersare（

）andcannotbedisobeyed.

问题1选项

A.defective

B.submissive

C.alternative

D.imperative

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。defective意为“有缺陷的，不完美的”；submissive意为“顺从的”；alternative意为“替代的”；imperative意为“必要的，不可避免的”。

句意：军事命令是绝对服从的，不能违抗。

8.单选题

Livinginthedesertinvolvesalotofproblems,（

）watershortageistheworst.

问题1选项

A.nottomention

B.ofwhich

C.letalone

D.forwhat

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。由固定搭配shortageof（缺少）可知此处将介词of提前，which指代前面句中的problems。

句意：住在沙漠里有很多问题，最严重的问题是缺少水。

9.单选题

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

问题2选项

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

问题3选项

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

问题4选项

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

问题5选项

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多，储存随着增多，与B选项表达表述相反；C、D选项在第一段中虽有提及，但都只是一笔带过，因此A选项“石油、天然气和煤炭在能源供应中发挥着重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.（然而，即使石油冲击是真正的危险，建造核反应堆并不是避免它的好方法）可知选C。

第3题:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知与A选项相符（虽然不是一种好的方法，但也属于一种方法）；第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B选项相符；第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower与D选项相符。通过排除法，选C，只有C选项没有在文章中提及。

第4题:词义题。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults（在大气中放太多的碳，你可能最终会……可能会造成灾难性的后果）的句意，可知A选项“地球变得越来越暖，好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料点燃”最为恰当。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲了石油、天然气和煤炭在能源供应中发挥着重要作用；第二段主要讲了石油的重要性及影响，提出了建造核反应堆应对石油危机的想法，因此排除A；第三段主要讲了减少拥堵和污染的方法，以及更便宜的核能替代品；最后一段主要讲了应对气候变化最好的方式是向天然气转变，因此B选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Ican’treadthemarksandnotesJimmadeinthemargin.Theyaretoo（

）.

问题1选项

A.faint

B.foggy

C.transparent

D.misty

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。faint意为“微弱的，模糊的”；foggy意为“有雾的”；transparent意为“透明的”；misty意为“多雾的”。

句意：我看不清吉姆在空白处做的记号和笔记。

11.单选题

Manyinthebusinessworldacceptthatthesuccessofacommercialventureheavilydependentonthepeopleworkingwithinit.Peopleare（1）makeabusinesssuccessful,whetheritisthelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganizationor（2）management.Engagedemployeesareusuallyhappyemployeeswhoaremore（3）astheyhaveanaturalandgenuineinterestinthe（4）oftheorganization.

Staffbecomesengagedbecauseofanumberofissuesanditisessentialthatbusinessownersandmanagers（5）theseemotions.However,thefirstpartofensuringthatpeopleareconnectedwithacommongoalistogetrecruitment

（6）.Recruitingshouldincludeanumberofquestions（7）atgettinganunderstandingofaperson'smotivationsanddesires.Oncerecruited,communicationiskeytoensuringthatlevelsofengagementdonotwane.Forinstance,changeisoften（8）withworkers.Howevertheyarefarmorelikelyto（9）intochangewhenthereasonsforitandthepotentialbenefitsareclearlylaidout.

Instillingasenseofprideandpassioninabrand,productorethosisvitalin（10）engagedemployees.Ifpeopleenjoywhattheydoandfeelempoweredtoshapethedirectionofacompany,theyarefarmorelikelytoproducebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability.

问题1选项

A.who

B.how

C.that

D.what

问题2选项

A.senior

B.chief

C.high

D.tall

问题3选项

A.productive

B.effective

C.valid

D.available

问题4选项

A.estates

B.assets

C.fortunes

D.possessions

问题5选项

A.apply

B.utilize

C.execute

D.hire

问题6选项

A.well

B.over

C.right

D.up

问题7选项

A.aimed

B.focused

C.intended

D.engaged

问题8选项

A.addictive

B.unpopular

C.satisfying

D.rewarding

问题9选项

A.shift

B.fall

C.buy

D.revolve

问题10选项

A.bearing

B.raising

C.feeding

D.delivering

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:B

【解析】第1题:考查连词。分析句子结构，可知“（）makeabusinesssuccessful”为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，排除how与that，再根据句意“人是使企业成功的关键”，因此用what引导表示从句并在句中做主语。

第2题:考查上下文语义。or表示并列关系，由前面的thelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganization（组织内薪酬最低的员工）可知此处对应的是“高级管理层”，因此选A。

第3题:考查形容词辨析。productive意为“多产的”；effective意为“有效的”；valid意为“有根据的，有效的”；available意为“可获得的”。此处表示有参与感的员工通常是多产的。

第4题:考查名词辨析。estate意为“财产，遗产”；asset意为“资产，财产”；fortune意为“命运”；possession意为“拥有”。此处表示关注组织的命运。

第5题:考查动词辨析。apply意为“应用，运用”；utilize意为“利用，使用”；execute意为“执行”；hire意为“聘用”。此处表示企业主和管理者必须利用这些情绪。

第6题:考查副词辨析。well意为“相当，大大地”；over意为“穿过，落下”；right意为“合理地，正确地”；up意为“向上，在上面”；getrecruitment意为“招聘”，后面的内容提到如何招聘，可推测此处指正确地招聘，因此选C。

第7题:考查固定搭配。aimat意为“旨在，目标在于”。此句表示招聘应包括一些问题旨在了解一个人的动机和愿望。

第8题:考查上下文语义。beunpopularwith意为“不受欢迎”，此处表示改变往往不受员工欢迎。

第9题:考查动词辨析。shift意为“改变”；fall意为“落下”；buy意为“购买”；revolve意为“旋转，环绕”。此处表示当明确说明其原因和潜在利益时，他们更有可能发生改变。

第10题:考查上下文语义。bear意为“忍受”；raise意为“增加，提高”；feed意为“喂养”；deliver意为“发表，递送”。由后面的producebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability（获得更好的结果，并能最大限度地发挥他们的能力）可推测前面指提高员工的参与度，因此选B。

12.单选题

Huntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder,ajobdatabaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite's“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal,intellectualproperty,andWashington,D,C.Threeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening."IstruckgoldsaysRedmon,whoe-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselforacompany.

Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanbetime-consumingandinefficient,Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminateapossibility,saysoneexpert.

Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconceptwhatyouthinkyouwanttodo-thenbroadenit."Noneoftheseprogramsdothatsaysanotherexpert."there'snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis."Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase,whenyougete-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain."Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.

Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareerSite'sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;jobhunterswillhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthemandtheydo."Onthedayafterwesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,saysSethPeets,vicepresidentofmarketingforCareerSite.Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed,RedmonmaintainshisagentatCareerBuilder,"Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,hesays.Workingwithapersonalsearchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou.

1.HowdidRedmonfindhisjob?

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchagents?

3.Theexpression"tipservice"(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.WhydoesCareerSite'sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejoboptions?

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.Bysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.

B.Bypostingamatchingpositioninadatabase.

C.Byusingaspecialserviceofadatabase.

D.Bye-mailinghisresumetoadatabase.

问题2选项

A.Lackofcounseling.

B.Limitednumberofvisits.

C.Lowerefficiency.

D.Fewersuccessfulmatches.

问题3选项

A.advisory

B.compensation

C.interaction

D.reminder

问题4选项

A.Tofocusonbetterjobmatches.

B.Toattractmorereturningvisits.

C.Toreservespaceformoremessages.

D.Toincreasetherateofsuccess.

问题5选项

A.Personalsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-hunters.

B.Somesiteskeepe-mailingjobseekerstotracetheirdemands.

C.Personalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadyemployed.

D.Someagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyareemployed.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中ajobdatabaseontheInternet...“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.可知Redmon是通过使用数据库的特殊服务找到工作的，因此选C。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第三段中there'snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis（所有这些都没有隐含的职业咨询）可知选A。

第3题:词义题。advisory意为“咨询，劝告”；compensation意为“补偿，赔偿”；interaction意为“互动”；reminder意为“提示”。由文章第四段中Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase,whenyougete-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain.（相反，最好的策略是使用代理作为一种“tipservice”，以随时了解特定数据库中的工作，当你收到电子邮件时，把它当成一个提示，该再次检查数据库了）可知D选项符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.（一些网站设计他们的代理来吸引求职者返回）WhenCareerSite'sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.可知选B。

第5题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed.可知非求职人员可以利用搜索代理来关注对他们工作岗位的需求以及薪资，这对他们也是有用的，因此选C。

13.单选题

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetimeifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle—comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimorcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialsomethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?Don'tworry!Ifitisessentialtheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorthinksteachersinschoolshould

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievestheteachersroleinchildren’slearningshouldbe

（

）.

5.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe（

）.

问题1选项

A.Byimitatingwhatotherpeopledo.

B.Bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

C.Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

D.Byaskingagreatmanyquestions.

问题2选项

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills

D.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills

问题3选项

A.allowchildrentolearnbyhimselforherself

B.pointoutchildren’smistakeswheneverthey'refound

C.correctchildren’smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

问题4选项

A.theidentifierandcorrectoroftheirerrors

B.theirhelperandguide

C.thepersontogradetheirperformanceandgivefeedbacks

D.thepersontopassonsomethingessentialtothem

问题5选项

A.LetTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirOwnPapers

D.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundheinuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.（他每天都注意到他所使用的语言和他周围的使用的语言之间的差异。一点一点地，他做了必要的改变，使他的语言像其他人的一样）可知作者认为孩子可以通过模仿他人学习东西，因此选A。

第2题:事实细节题。由文章第一段中Inthesameway（以同样的方式）,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle可知选C。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.可知作者认为教师应该允许孩子自己学习，因此选A。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.（当孩子告诉我们他找不到正确答案的时候，我们的工作应该是帮助他）可推测教师的角色应该是学生的帮助者与指导者。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了学生应该自己学习，而不是被纠正与灌输式的学习，教师起帮助与指导的作用，因此选D。

14.单选题

（

）foryourhelp,we’dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.

问题1选项

A.Haditnot

B.Ifitwerenot

C.Haditnotbeen

D.Ifwehadnotbeen

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气倒装。当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were、should、had时，if可省略，而将were、should、had等词置于句首，构成倒装结构。

句意：如果没有你的帮助，我们永远也无法克服这些困难。

15.单选题

Wehopethestudentswould（

）theinformationcontainedinthelecture.

问题1选项

A.associate

B.understand

C.assimilate

D.assess

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。associate意为“联系”；understand意为“理解”；assimilate意为“吸收，消化”；assess意为“评定”。

句意：我们希望学生们能掌握讲座中保护的信息。

16.单选题

Thedoctorsdon’t（

）thatthepatientwilllivemuchlonger.

问题1选项

A.entail

B.manifest

C.articulate

D.anticipate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。entail意为“牵涉，需要”；manifest意为“显示，表明”；articulate意为“口齿清楚，清晰发(音)”；anticipate意为“预料，预期”。

句意：医生们预计病人活不了多久了。

17.单选题

Studentshaveto（

）totherulesandregulationsoftheschool.

问题1选项

A.confirm

B.confront

C.confine

D.conform

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。confirm意为“确认”；confront意为“面对”；confine意为“限制”；conform意为“遵守，符合”。句意：学生必须遵守学校的规章制度。

18.单选题

Thereisnothinglikethesuggestionofacancerrisktoscareaparent,especiallyoneoftheover-educated,eco-conscioustypes.SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.Thecity’spublichighschool,aswellasanumberofdaycarecenter,preschools,elementaryandmiddleschools,fellinthelowest10%.Industrialpollutioninourtownhadsupposedlyturnedstudentsintolivingscienceexperimentbreathinginalaboratory’sworthofheavymetalslikemanganese,chromiumandnickeleachday.Thisisinacitythatrequiresschoolcafeteriastoserveorganicmeals.Great,Ithought,organiclunch,toxiccampus.

SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity,overtheguiltofthesteed-castingfactoryonthewesternedgeoftown,overunionjobsversuschildren’shealthandoverwhat,ifanything,oughttobedone.Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?Istheretrulyathreathere?Weasksoneanotheraswedroppedoffourkids,andifso,howgreatitis?Andhowdoesitcomparewiththeother,seeminglyperpetualhealthscaresweconfront,likepanicoverleadinsyntheticathleticfields?Ratherthanjustanotherweirdepisodeinthetownthatbroughtyouprotestingenvironmentalists,thislatestdramaisatrialforhowtoday’sparentsperceiverisk,howwetrytokeepourkidssafe---whetherit’spossibletokeepthemsafe---inwhatfeelslikeanincreasinglythreateningworld.Itraisesthequestionofwhat,inourtime,“safe”couldevenmean.

“There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty”，saysKimberlyThompson,presidentofKidRisk,anonprofitgroupthatstudieschildren’shealth.“Thatmeansyourchoicescanmatter,butitalsomeansyouaren’tgoingtoknowiftheydo.”A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.TowhichIsay:Well,obviously.Butsuchconcretehazardsarebesidethepoint.It'sthedangersparentscan’t---andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.That’swhyI’veridmycupboardofmicrowavefoodpackedinbagscoatedwithapotentialcancer-causingsubstance,butalthoughI’velivedblocksfromamajorfaultlineformorethan12years,Istillhaven’tboltedourbookcasestothelivingroomwall.

1.WhatdoesarecentinvestigationbyUSATodayreveal?

2.WhatresponsedidUASToday’sreportdraw?

3.Howdidparentsfeelinthefaceoftheexperts'studies?

4.Whatistheviewofthe2004reportinthejournalPediatrics'?

5.Ofthedangersineverydaylife,theauthorthinksthatpeoplehavemosttofearfrom（

）.

问题1选项

A.Heavymetalsinlabteststhreatenchildren'shealthinBerkeley.

B.Berkeleyresidentsarequitecontentedwiththeirsurroundings.

C.TheairqualityaroundBerkeley’sschoolcampusesispoor.

D.ParentsinBerkeleyareover-sensitivetocancerriskstheirkidsface.

问题2选项

A.Aheateddebate.

B.Popularsupport.

C.Widespreadpanic.

D.Strongcriticism.

问题3选项

A.Theyfeltverymuchrelieved.

B.Theywerefrightenedbytheevidence.

C.Theydidn'tknowwhotobelieve.

D.Theyweren'tconvincedoftheresults.

问题4选项

A.Itisimportanttoquantifyvariousconcretehazards.

B.Dailyaccidentsposeamoreseriousthreattochildren.

C.Parentsshouldbeawareofchildren'shealthhazards.

D.Attentionshouldbepaidtotoxicchemicalexposure.

问题5选项

A.theuncertain

B.thequantifiable

C.anearthquake

D.unhealthyfood

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.（因此，你可以想象，最近《今日美国》对全国学校周围空气质量的调查，将加利福尼亚州的伯克利绿色村庄也列为全国空气质量状况最差的地区之中）可知选C。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段第一句中SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity（自去年12月该报告发布以来，市长、社区积极分子和各种家长教师协会就该报告的有效性展开了激烈的讨论）可知选A。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?（由于各方都提出了一些支持各自观点的专家，但这些专家的科学研究是相互矛盾的，家长应该相信谁？）以及后面的一连串提问，可知父母对这些观点感到困惑，不知道该相信谁，因此选C。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.（《儿科杂志》2004年的一份报告解释说，神经紧张的父母对火灾、车祸和溺水的恐惧比有毒化学暴露更多）可推测父母对日常容易遇到的事故更担心，因此选B。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty...It'sthedangersparentscan’t—andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.（无法避免这种不确定性……这是父母无法——也可能永远不会量化突然发生的危险）可推测作者认为父母最大的恐惧来源于不确定性，因此选A。

19.单选题

Itgavemeastrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein（

）.

问题1选项

A.news

B.print

C.publication

D.press

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。news意为“新闻，消息”；print意为“印刷业，印记”；publication意为“出版”；press意为“新闻，出版社”。inprint意为“印出来”。

句意：当看到我的名字出现在出版物上时，我有一种奇怪的兴奋感。

20.单选题

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

问题1选项

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。gloomy意为“黑暗的，沮丧的，前景黯淡的”；miserable意为“痛苦的，可怜的”；shadowy意为“朦胧的，模糊的”；obscure意为“昏暗的，朦胧的”。句意：尽管经济预测不景气，制造业产出略有上升。

21.单选题

MoreandmoreeducatorsintheU.S.arelookingforglobalopportunitiestoofferthemthecareerandsalarytheyneedalongwiththe（

）ofbeinganeducator.

问题1选项

A.allusion

B.temptation

C.fulfillment

D.prosperity

【答案】C