高中英语选择性必修三 新新同步课时强化训练 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking-Comprehending案

Justbecauseyouareinawheelchairdoesn’tmeanyoucan’tenjoythecompetitiveness—theall­aroundfunthatplayingsportsoffersyou.Moreandmorewheelchairusersareplayingsportseveryday—someevenonaprofessionallevel.Thefollowinginformationisjustafewexamplesof①whatgamingopportunitiesyouhave.Wheelchairbasketballisaverycommonwheelchairsport.Itwasstartedoverfortyyearsagoasamedicalrecoveringprogram，andovertheyearshasgrownrapidly.Todaywheelchairbasketballisaprofessionalsportthatoffersmorethan180teamsacrosstheUnitedStates.Inordertoplaywheelchairbasketball，itisessentialtohavealightweightwheelchair.Severalsportswheelchairsareonthemarkettodayjustforsportsenthusiasts.Anotherwheelchairsport，quadrugby，wasspecificallydesignedforquadriplegics(四肢瘫痪者)whoareunabletoplaywheelchairbasketball.Itisamixtureofwheelchairbasketballandicehockey.Toplaythegameyoumusthavetwoteamsoffourplayerseach.Eachplayerisclassifiedbasedonimpairment(损伤)．Powersoccerisanotherfunwheelchairsportthatcanbeveryfunandexciting.Playersinpowersoccermusthaveanelectricwheelchair.Twoteamshavetwo30­minutehalvestopushthesoccerballovertheotherteam’sgoalline.Thefirstteamtoreachtheotherteam’sgoallinemostfrequentlywins.Andfinally，②basedonthesportyouchoosetoparticipatein，thereareseveralwheelchairsportsaccessoriesavailableforyou，includingbeltsandharnesses，gloves，bagsforcarryingitems，drinkholdersandspecialbacksupports.靓句运用于写作①I’mwritingtoinformyouofwhatyoushoulddobeforethegame.(2019·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)②RootedintheTangDynasty，thepoemshaveattractedalotofpeople.(2017·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)PeriodOneReadingandThinking—Comprehending品句猜词——请预读下列课文原句，并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。1．Attheageof19，Iamfitandfullofvigour.精力；力量；活力2．However，whenIappliedtojointheexpedition，ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.拒绝符合资格3．Heassignedmetobeasteward，andInowservemealsfortwenty­eightmen，threetimesaday.分派；布置；分配4．HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeento！羡慕；妒忌5．Andwhentheshipsank，ourheartssankwithit.下沉6．Theirgenuineconcernforothers，theirperseverance，andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.真诚的毅力决心eq\x(Step1Fast­reading)1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．PerceBlackborowadmiredShackletonverymuch.B．ShackletontookPerceBlackborowtotheship.C．PerceBlackborow’sdiaryaboutthegreatexpedition.D．PerceBlackborowmissedhismotherverymuch.答案C2.Readthepassageandjudgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．(1)PerceBlackborowwentaboardtheEnduranceinsecret.(T)(2)Blackborowwasdiscoveredthedaywhenhewentaboard.(F)(3)Thecrewfelthopelesswhentheshipbecamestuckintheice.(T)(4)ThereweremanyvisitorsatElephantIsland.(F)(5)TherewerealotofplantsatElephantIsland.(F)eq\x(Step2Careful­reading)Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhenPerceBlackborowwasassignedtobeastewardatfirst，hewas.A．angryanddisappointedB．satisfiedandexcitedC．hopelessanddisappointedD．worriedandangry答案B2．WhydidShackletonallowHusseytokeephisbanjo?A．Becausethebanjowasvaluable.B．BecauseShackletonlikedthebanjo.C．BecauseHusseycouldplayittokeeptheirspiritsup.D．Becausethebanjowassmall.答案C3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．WhiletheywereatElephantIsland，theyfedonasealorapenguin.B．ShackletonleftElephantIslandforhelpbyhimself.C．Frankwasthekindestmanofallthecrew.D．ThomasOrde­Leeswasalittleselfishandbad­tempered.答案C4．WecanlearnfromthepassagethatErnestShackletonwas.A．strong­mindedandselflessB．strong­mindedbutselfishC．greedyandcruelD．stubbornandselfish答案Aeq\x(Step3Post­reading)Afterreadingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton—thisistheadventurethatI1.havebeendreaming(dream)of.However,2.whenIappliedtojointheexpedition，ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’t3.qualified(qualify)，soIsecretlywentaboardhisship，theEndurance.LaterI4.wasdiscovered(discover)andShackletonhadtoassignmetobe5.asteward.Thejourneywasn’tveryeasy，forEndurancewasstuckintheiceasweapproachedAntarctica.Andwhentheshipsank，ourheartssankwithit.Beforeweabandonedtheship，Shackleton6.calmly(calm)toldustorescueourmostessentialsuppliesandhe7.himself(he)threwawayallhisgold.HeallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo,8.whichmadeussurprised.Wehadbeenstrugglingfordays，butthingsweregoingfrombadtoworse.SoonafterwearrivedatElephantIsland，Shackletonleftustofindhelp.Sometimeswewereabletocatchasealorapenguintoeat.Itriedtothinkof9.happier(happy)things.Iwasgrateful，forFrankandErnest’sgenuineconcernforothers，theirperseverance，andtheirresolvefilledme10.withhope.eq\x(Step4Sentence­learning)1．However，whenIappliedtojointheexpedition，ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.[句式分析]该句为复合句。Shackletonturnedmedown是主句；when引导时间状语从句；because引导原因状语从句；在原因状语从句中，hethought是主句；Iwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified是宾语从句。[自主翻译]但是，我申请加入这次探险时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不够资格。2．ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatIsecretlywentaboardhisship，theEndurance，andhidinasmallcupboard.[句式分析]该句为复合句。so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。[自主翻译]但是我对和他们一起去的想法那么热衷，以至于我偷偷上了他的船——“坚忍”号，藏在一个小壁橱里。3．Soonafterwearrived，ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometresaway—thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats.[句式分析]此句是复合句。soonafter引导时间状语从句；Shackletonleftustofindhelp是主句；破折号表示解释说明；too...to...意为“太……而不能……”。[自主翻译]我们到达后不久，沙克尔顿就离开我们去1320公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助了，那趟旅行非常危险、非常艰难，我们乘着小船是无法到达的。Ⅰ.阅读理解AJustacoupleofhoursago，Iwasontheplane，readytoflyhomefromLondon.Theflighthadbeendelayedbyafewhourssoitfeltgoodtobesoclosetotakeoff.IhadmyiPodinplaceandanewbooktoread.Then，overtheloudspeakercamethepilot’svoice：“Thegroundcrewhasfoundametalinstrumentinonetire.Weregretthatwemustcancelthisflight.”Thepassengers’reactionsthatannouncementledtowereinteresting.Onemanclosetomebegantoarguewithaflightattendant.Acoupleinanotherrowcomplainedloudly.Abusinessmaninablacksuitactuallykickedtheseatinfrontofhim.Yetsomepassengersrespondeddifferently.Anelderlygentlemansmiledashehelpedotherstaketheirbagsdownfromtheoverheadcompartments(行李厢)．Ateenager，ratherthantryingtorushofftheplanelikemostoftheotherpassengers，stoppedtohelpawomanwithadisability.Theladysittingnexttomelaughedandsaid，“Hey，it’snottheendoftheworld，”beforeshemadeacalltoherkidsandsharedheradventurewiththem.Thewisestamongushavearemarkableabilitytomaintaingroundedwhentimesgettough.Nolifeisperfect；minecertainlyisn’t.Weallmustfacechallenges，bothlargeandsmall.YouandIhavethepowertochoosetoriseabovetheexternalcircumstances.Wealwayshavethechoicetobestrongandkindwhenthingsfallapart.That’sgraceunderpressure.Myseatmatewasright—thingscouldhavebeensomuchworse.Anyway，Iamsafe.Ihavemyhealth.Ihavetwowonderfulchildren.IhaveworkIloveandsomuchtobegratefulfor.SureInowhavetowaitafewhourstocatchthenextflighthome.语篇解读作者在本文中讲述了乘务员宣布航班取消时乘客们的不同反应，表达了在应对人生中的挑战和挫折时的正确态度。1．Whatcausedthepassengers’differentreactions?A．Theloudspeaker.B．Thedelayoftheflight.C．Thegroundcrew’sfault.D．Thepilot’sannouncement.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Thepassengers’reactionsthatannouncementledtowereinteresting.”可知，是乘务员的通知导致人们的不同反应。故选D。2．Whoturnedhisangerontheseat?A．Theteenagerhelpingthedisabled.B．Theoldmantakingbagsdown.C．Themaninadarksuit.D．Themanclosetotheauthor.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Abusinessmaninablacksuitactuallykickedtheseatinfrontofhim.”可知，一个穿黑色西服的商人把怒气发泄到座位上。故选C。3．Whatdidthewomansittingnexttotheauthordo?A．Sheassistedadisabledwoman.B．Shemadeaphonecalltoherfamily.C．Shehelpedotherscarrytheirluggage.D．Shetoldmovingstoriestoherchildren.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theladysittingnexttomelaughedandsaid，‘Hey，it’snottheendoftheworld，’beforeshemadeacalltoherkidsandsharedheradventurewiththem.”可知答案。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Ourlifeisfullofupsanddowns.B．Itisnaturaltobescaredunderpressure.C．Weshouldhelpeachotherintimesofdifficulty.D．Weshouldbepositiveandcalmwhenlifeishard.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，作者认为，在面对生活中的挫折和困难时，应该保持乐观和冷静的心态。故选D。BNoonecandenythatLeBronJamesgetspaidalotofmoney—butnoonecandenythathehasn’tearnediteither.He’sbrokentherecordsofgreatslikeMichaelJordanandMagicJohnson.He’satalent.ProfessionalathleteslikeLeBrongivetheirlivestotheirsport—totraining，traveling，andpushingthemselvestothelimit.Andwhiletheirlivesmayseemglamorous，thinkaboutthis:Athletesfaceinjuriesthatcanbenotonlycareer­endingbutalsolife­changing.Infact，manyretiredathleteshavelong­termhealthproblemsbecauseofhowhardtheypushontheirbodies.RetiredNewYorkJetsplayerWesleyWalkersaidthathesufferedsomuchpainasaresultofplayingfootballthattodayhecanhardlyopenawaterbottle.Thetoll(代价)aprofessionalathlete’scareertakesonhisorherbodymeansmorethanalifetimeofpain(andmedicalbills);italsomeansashortcareer.Athletesneedtopaythepricethatwillcarrythempastthe5to15yearstheyareabletoplay.Withouttheshow­stoppingperformancesofstarslikeSerenaWilliamsandStephenCurry，manyjobswouldn’texist.Sportsreporters，stadiumworkers，cheerleaders，andcoachesareamongthosewhocanthanktheprofessionalsportsindustryfortheiremployment.Itmayseemunfairthatathletesgetpaidtoplayagame，butrememberwhotheyarereallyplayingfor:us.We’retheoneswhofillstadiumsinrainandsnowtowatchtheirgames，whocrowdaroundthetelevisiontocheerthemon，andwhofeelimmeasurablejoywhenourteamwins.Theworkofprofessionalathletescertainlypaysoffforus.Shouldn’titpayoffforthemtoo?eq\x(语篇解读本文是议论文。文章论述了职业运动员值得获得高额薪酬的原因。)5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“glamorous”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Difficult. B．Tiresome.C．Attractive. D．Organized.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词所在句可知，虽然运动员的生活看起来很“吸引人”，但是运动带给他们的伤痛不仅会终止他们的职业生涯还会改变他们的人生。故选C。6．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Professionalathleteshavenoideaabouttheirlimits.B．Injuriesareaproblemforprofessionalathletes.C．Retiredprofessionalathletesarebadlytreated.D．Professionalathletes’careersareshort.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“manyretiredathleteshavelong­termhealthproblems...hecanhardlyopenawaterbottle”及第三段中的“Thetoll(代价)aprofessionalathlete’scareertakesonhisorherbodymeansmorethanalifetimeofpain(andmedicalbills)”可知，很多职业运动员都会受到伤病的困扰。7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoathletes’highsalaries?A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.答案C解析观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Athletesneedtopaythepricethatwillcarrythempastthe5to15yearstheyareabletoplay”以及第四、五段的内容可知，职业运动员忍受着伤痛并要为巨额的医疗费买单，此外他们也带动了体育行业的发展，为很多人提供了就业机会，因此作者认为职业运动员应该得到高额的薪酬。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheMostImpressiveAthletesB．YouCan’tPutaPriceonTalentC．YouShouldn’tPushAthletesHardD．SalariesintheProfessionalSportsIndustry答案B解析标题归纳题。根据文中作者对职业运动员该得到高额薪酬的论述及最后一段的内容可知，人们不能给天才定价，他们的付出是无价的。CPeopletendtoacceptgroupsstandardsofbehaviorandthinkinginagroupwork.Manyillustrations(例证)couldbegivenofthisfromeverydaylife，butwhatisofparticularinteresttopsychologistsishowmuchpeople’sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressure.Aschandothersnoticedthatpeopleinagroupwillagreetostatementsthatarecontrarytotheevidenceoftheirsenses.Itwouldbeamistaketothinkthatonlyparticularchangeablepeoplearechosentotakepartinexperimentsofthistype.Usuallyhighlyintelligentandindependentpeopleareused.Inatypicalexperiment，thisiswhatmayhappen.Theexperimenterasksforvolunteerstojoinagroupwhichisinvestigatingvisualsense.Theparticipantsarenot，therefore，awareoftherealpurposeoftheexperiment.Eachvolunteeristakentoaroomwherehefindsagroupofaboutsevenpeoplewhoarecooperatingwiththeexperimenter.Thegroupisshownastandardcardwhichcontainsasingleline.Theyarethenaskedtolookatasecondcard.Thishasthreelinesonit.Oneisobviouslylongerthanthelineonthefirstcard.Oneisshorterandonethesamelength.Theyhavetosaywhichlineonthesecondcardisthesamelengthasthelineonthestandardcard.Theothermembersofthegroupanswerfirstbutwhatthevolunteerdoesnotknowisthattheyhavebeentoldtopickoneofthewronglines.Whenhisturncomes，heisfacedwiththeconsistentopinionoftherestofthegroup—alltheothershavechosenlineA，buthequiteclearlyseeslineBascorrect.Whatwillhedo?AccordingtoAsch，morethanhalfofthevictimschosenwillchangetheiropinion.Whatisequallysurprisingisthat，wheninterviewedabouttheiranswers，mostexplainedthattheyknewthegroupchoicewasincorrectbutthattheyyieldedtothepressureofthegroupbecausetheythoughttheymustbesufferingfromanopticalillusion(视觉假象)，orbecausetheywereafraidofbeingdifferent.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，心理学家通过实验发现团体压力对个人的判断有很大的影响，很多人会迫于团体压力而改变自己的观点。9．Thepsychologistsareespeciallyinterestedin.A．theevidenceoftheexperimentB．thechangesintheattitudesofpeopleC．thedifferenceinpeople’sbehaviorD．thedegreeofchangesofpeople’sopinions答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“...butwhatisofparticularinteresttopsychologistsishowmuchpeople’sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressure.”可知，心理学家对人们观点的变化程度特别感兴趣，故选D项。10．Whymorethanhalfofthevictimschangedtheiropinionsintheexperiment?A．Becausetheyhadbeentoldabouttheanswer.B．Becausetheythoughtthegroupchoicewascorrect.C．Becausetheysubmittedtothegrouppressure.D．Becausetheireyesweresufferingfromillusion.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“...mostexplainedthattheyknewthegroupchoicewasincorrectbutthattheyyieldedtothepressureofthegroup.”可知，超过一半的受害者改变了观点是因为他们屈服于团体压力，故选C项。11．Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto.A．illustratetheinfluenceofgrouppressureonindividualsB．encouragepeopletoactagainstanygroupsopinionC．invitemorevolunteerstojoininAsch’sexperimentD．tellthereadershowtoperformpsychologicalexperiment答案A解析写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了实验证明人们会因为屈服于群体的压力而改变自己的观点和判断，由此可知，作者写这篇文章就是为了证明团体压力对个人的影响，故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五TheNighttheTitanicSankFromahighplaceontheship，FredFleet，whoworkedontheTitanic，sawtheiceberg(冰山)justafewhundredmetresaway.Herangthebelltowarnthepeopledrivingtheship.1Soonafterthat，onepassenger，MajorPeuchen，noticedthattheshipwasn’tstraightinthewater.Butnobodylistenedtohim.2Anothership—theCalifo