初中英语非谓语动词讲解

初中英语非谓语动词讲解初中英语非谓语动词讲解初中英语非谓语动词讲解V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考初中英语非谓语动词讲解日期：20xx年X月非谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解非谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词，分两种。一是动词不定式。二是动词ing形式。一、动词不定式1）作主语TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.或ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.[说明]动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：.Itis+adj.+动词不定式如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者，可以用for+sb..Itis+adj.+fordosth.2）作表语（表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词的-ing形式、不定式、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后。）.Mywishistobecomeateacher.3）作宾语或者宾语补足语.Mostofusliketowatchfootballmatches..Hetoldmetobehereontime.4）作定语：.Ihavenothingtosayaboutthatthing.5）作状语：.Hestoppedtohavealook.[说明]动词不定式的否定形式：not+to+动词原形构成.Heaskedmenottomakesuchamistake.2、动词不定式与疑问词连用：疑问词who,what,which和疑问副词when,where,how,why等后面可以按动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语。.(1)Hedoesn’tknowhowtousethemachine.(2)Howtousethemachineisaquestion.(3)Thequestioniswhentogothere.3、省去了to的动词不定式1）let,have,make+do2）感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,hear,listento,smell,feel,find+to。注意：在被动语态中则to不能省掉。.Isawhimdance.=Hewasseentodance..Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.3）wouldrather，hadbetter+do4、动词不定式的特殊句型：1）too…to…+todo：.Heistooexcitedtospeak.2）enoughtodo： .Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.3）Whynot+do .Whynottakeaholiday4）soas(not)todo:表示目的 .Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby.5、不定式的难点：1）用作介词的“to”：

比如说lookforwardto;payattentionto;devoteoneselftobe/getusedto，后面都是+doing的！2）It'sforsb.和It'sofsb.的区别二、动词ing形式：

动词ing形式分为两种，一是动名词，二是现在分词1．动词的-ing形式用作动名词：动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。1）动名词作主语： .Walkingisgoodexercise.走路是很好的运动2）动名词作表语 .Myfavoritesportisswimming.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。3）动名词作宾语： .Jimdislikeseatingchocolate.吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。.Shecan’thelpcryingatasadmovie.她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。[说明]有些动词和动词短语只能接动名词。finish,forgive,giveup,mind,practise,begoodat,dowellin,can'thelp,keepon,feellike,beusedto,lookforwardto,preferto,。6）动名词作定语：动名词可以单独作定语，就像形容词一样。.asmilingface笑脸swimmingpool游泳池dining-car餐车2．动词的-ing形式用作现在分词：-ing分词通常用作宾语补足语，表示动作正在发生或者正在进行。这种用法通常用在下列动词中：see,hear,find,smell,watch,find,listento,lookat,notice,observe）TherewefoundhimwatchingTV.我们发现他在那儿看电视。2）Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.我听见有人在敲门。3．动词ing形式和动名词之间的比较：下面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思都是一样的：begintodobegindoingcontinuetodocontinuedoingstarttodostartdoing下面这些动词，后面接不定式或动名词意思是不一样的：stoptodostopdoingforgettodoforgetdoingremembertodorememberdoingtrytodotrydoinggoontodogoondoingbeafraidtodobeafraiddoing【专练】1.Don'tforget_________theletter.A.tosend B.send C.sending D.beingsent2.Thechairlooksveryold,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_________.A.sit B.siton C.besat D.besaton3.Is______necessarytoreturnthebooktomorrowA.this B.that C.it D.which4.I'mafraidtheywouldnotallowhim________here.A.tosmoke B.smoking C.smokes D.smoke5.Mothertoldme________thewaterbeforeIdrankit.A.boiling B.boiled C.boil D.toboil6.Onmywayhome,Istopped_______somefood.A.buy B.tobuy C.buying D.bought7.LiYangadvisedme_________toomuch,otherwiseIwouldhavebeendrunk.A.nottodrink B.todrink C.notdrinking D.drinking8.He______twomillionyuan______avaseattheauction.A.spent,buy B.cost,buyingC.paid,buy D.spent,buying9.ThefirstthingIwanttodois__________.A.visittohim B.tovisithimC.visitinghim D.visitedhim10.Johnwasmade_______thecarforaweekasapunishment.A.towash B.washing C.wash D.tobewashing11.________isonething,________isquiteanother.A.Tosay,todo B.Say,doC.Said,did D.Tosay,do12.I’lltry________thesamemistakesagain.A.tonotmake B.notmake C.nottomake D.notmaking13.It’stoohard________itbyhimself.A.nottodoB.todo C.thatIdo D.doing14.It’stimeforsports.Let’s______bowling,shallweA.go goC.going D.goes15.‘Mr.Zhou,you’dbetter______toomuchsugar.Youarealreadyoverweight,’saidthedoctor.A.nottoeat eat C.noteat D.eat1．Ifyoukeep________(fight)withhim,youmayhurtyourself.2．Thestudentsarebusy________(prepare)forthecomingexam.3．Hisdutyis________(save)thesickpeople.4．Ihavenothing___________(send)you.5．Theyweremade___________(work)tenhoursaday.6．Nooneknowswhat___________(do)next.【提高题】I.选择题。1.Thedoctorcame______oureyes.A.toexamine B.forexamining C.astoexamineD.examining2.Ourteacheralwaysmakesus_______hard.A.towork B.work C.working D.worked3._______ourclassroomonceaweekisnecessary.A.Cleaning B.Clean Cleaned D.Toclean4._______isourduty______goodservicetocustomersA.That,togiveB.This,giving C.It,togive D.It,giving5.Ittookyears______thehighrise.A.forourbuilding B.forusinbuilding C.tobuild D.building6.Theirwishis_____ahouseoftheirown.A.tohave B.forhaving C.have D.ofhaving7.Theteacheragreed_____us_____thetestpapershome.A.tolet,take B.tolet,totake C.letting,take D.let,take8.WhenhesawIwasinahurry,heoffered_______mehisbicycle.A.lending B.lent C.tolend D.inlending9.Idon'tlike_______people_________abouttheirneighbours.A.hear,talking B.tohear,talking C.tohear,totalkD.hearing,talked10.Ihaven'tdecided________A.totakewhichtrain B.whichtotakeatrainC.whichtraintotake D.whichtraintaken11.Youmustremember____meaphonecallassoonasyougetthere.A.giving B.togive C.gave D.give12.ProfessorBrowntaughthisstudents______English,andhelearned______Chinesefromthem.A.howtospeak,speaking B.howtospeak,tospeakC.howspeaking,speaking D.howspeak,tospeak13.—Sorry,Iforgot_________youthatthepartywouldn'tbeheldtonight.—That'sallright.Maryhastoldmeaboutit.A.telling B.Itold C.told D.totell14.Iwonder_________himornot.A.ifinvite B.whethertoinvite Ctoinvite D.iftoinvite15.Ihope_________yourself.A.youtomanage B.foryoutomanageC.youmanaging D.thatyoucanmanage16.—Wouldyoulike________youthewaythere—It'skindofyou.Thankyou.A.meshowing B.thatIshow C.meshowD.metoshow17.Theoldmansaidthathe'dprefer______aloneinthecountryratherthanlivewithhissoninthecity.A.living B.tolive C.thathelivesD.forhimtolive18.IknowAliceverywell.Ihaveseenher____upfromchildhood.A.grow B.grew C.wasgrowing D.togrow19.Sincenobodytoldher______,shecametoourhelp.A.whatshedid B.todowhat C.whattodo D.whatshetodo20.Myauntshowedme_____.A.howtomakeadress B.howadressbemadeC.howmakingadress D.howadressmade21.Aftershefinishedtheexercisesinthetextbook,shetried______moreexercises______.A.tofind,todo B.finding,todo C.tofind,shedidD.finding,done22.ThepolicemantoldSmith______afterdrinking.A.tonotdrive B.notdriving C.notdrive D.nottodrive23.Tomkeptquietabouthismistake_____losehisjob.A.sonotasto B.soasnotto C.soastonot D.notsoasto24.Patshouldlove______littleJimtothetheatrethisevening.A.totake B.taking C.thathewouldtakeD.forhimtotake25.Weenjoy_verymuch,becauseitisgoodforourhealth.A.run B.running C.torun D.ran26.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.—Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turnitoff B.toturnitoff C.thatIturneditoffD.thatIshouldturnitoff27.Theywereverytiredandstopped_______underabigtree.A.resting B.torest C.rest D.thattheywouldrest28.—Wouldyoumindmetheanswertotheproblem—Notatall.A.thatyoutellme B.telling C.totell D.iftelling29.Hepromised______adoctorformyson.A.metoget B.thathegotme C.megetting D.methathegot30.Fathertoldtheboy______thedogafewbonesafterdinner.A.thathegave B.togive C.giving D.gave.moneyforhiseducation,hisparentsworkedhardevenaftertheirday'swork.A.Forgetting B.Get C.Soastoget D.Inordertoget32.Ithinkyouare_________mealsyourself.A.enougholdtocook B.oldenoughtocookC.oldenoughforcooking D.enougholdcooking33.Themathsproblemis_________difficult_________.A.so,astoworkout B.very,toworkoutC.too,toworkout D.quite,workedout34.LastnightIwassotiredthatIfellasleepsoon.Ididn'thearhimin.A.coming B.came C.tocome D.come35.Haveyouanythingimportant____usA.totell B.telling C.toldus D.youtell36.—DoyouknowaboutCaptainEdMitchell202—Yes.Hewasthesixthman_____onthemoon.A.walking B.walked C.towalk D.ofwalking37.Itisnice________her__________so.A.for,tosay B.for,saying C.of,tosay D.of,said38.Isn'titaniceway_____thehardproblemA.tosolve B.insolving C.solve D.solving39.You'dbetter_________heraboutherownhealthnow.A.nottotell B.nottell C.tonottell D.totellnot40.Whatacoincidence!Dr.Brownhappened_______thedoctorIwaslookingfor.A.hewas B.being C.tobe D.tobeingII.填空题。1.Factoriesdonotletoutdirtywater____________________(为了不污染河流).2.Herjobis_________________.(照顾医院里患病的孩子)3.Inthesupermarketthecollegestudentslearned____________________.(如何为顾客服务)4.ThereweresomanytoysthatJudydidn'tknow____________________.(挑选哪一个).5.Theonlytroubleis_____________________.(如何保护这些电脑)6.Hewillsavemoney_____________________________.(为了支付将来的大学费用)7.Thenurse__________________________________.(不允许孩子们玩火柴)8.Thismedicinewill________________.(帮你入睡)9.Theywillbesent_______________(到非洲当医疗队员).10.Theboyaskedhisteacher__________________________.(让他自己修理冰箱)11.Thequestionis__________________.(是否让孩子们自己解决这个问题).12.Thistelephoneis_____________________.(足够小可以放进口袋)13.Thisbookwilltellyou______________________.(如何使这台电脑储存信息)14.I________________________.（没有回答试卷上的最后一个问题）15.Itisnoteasy______________________________.(一个人戒烟)16.Youcantakeataxithere________________________.(而不是步行去)17.Theundergroundtrainis________________________.(足够快可在20分钟内从我们学校行驶到体育场).18.Thelecturehallis__________________.（太小容纳不下500个学生）19.Juliahurriedtoschool__________________________.(没有吃早餐).20.Itoldthestudents__________________________.（不要将罐头和饮料瓶扔进河里）21.Thomas____________________________________.(有许多问题要问老师)22.Doyouknowthesaying“_______________________.”（活到老学到老）23. Jacksaw_____________________.(牛跑回来)24.Athensranalltheway__________________________________(把好消息告诉他的人民).25.Hewasthefirstman___________________________________.(骑骑自行车做环球旅行)26.Theyenjoy____________________________________.(爬山和野营)27.Assoonastheteacherentered,heasked_____________________________(我们停止讲话).28._____________________(在一个半小时内做完这份试卷)isalmostimpossible.29.Wewerehappy________________________________.(看到他们回到营地)30.Wouldyoumind_______________________________.(我在你办公室打电话)

答案：I.1.A2.B3.D4.C5.C6.A7.A8.C9.B10.C11.B12.B13.D14.B15.D16.D17.B18.A19.C20.A21.A22.D23.B24.A25.B26.B27.B