2019年雅思考试阅读理解练习试题及答案

2019年雅思考试阅读理解练习试题及答案★StudyFindsWebAntifraudMeasureIneffectivePublished：February5,2007NewYorkTimesInternetsecurityexpertshavelongknownthatsimplepasswordsdonotfullydefendonlinebankaccountsfromdeterminedfraudartists.Nowastudysuggeststhatapopularsecondarysecuritymeasureprovideslittleadditionalprotection.2.Thestudy,producedjointlybyresearchersatHarvardandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,lookedatatechnologycalledsite-authenticationimages.Inthesystem,currentlyusedbyfinancialinstitutionslikeBankofAmerica,INGDirectandVanguard,onlinebankingcustomersareaskedtoselectanimage,likeadogorchesspiece,thattheywillseeeverytimetheylogintotheiraccount.3.Theideaisthatifcustomersdonotseetheirimage,theycouldbeatafraudulentWebsite,dummieduptolookliketheirbank's,andshouldnotentertheirpasswords.5.Of60participantswhogotthatfarintothestudyandwhoseresultscouldbeverified,58enteredpasswordsanyway.Onlytwochosenottologon,citingsecurityconcerns.7.Headded："Ifabankweretoaskmeiftheyshoulddeployit,Iwouldsayno,waitforsomethingbetter,"hesaid.8.Thesystemhassomehigh-powersupportersinthefinancialservicesworld,manytryingtocomplywithnewonlinebankingregulations.In2005,theFederalFinancialInstitutionsExaminationCouncil,aninteragencybodyoffederalbankingregulators,determinedthatpasswordsalonedidnoteffectivelythwartintruderslikeidentitythieves.9.Itissuednewguidelines,askingfinancialWebsitestofindbetterwaysforbanksandcustomerstoidentifyeachotheronline.January2007wassetasthecompliancedate,thoughthecouncilhasyettobeginenforcingthemandate.10.Banksimmediatelyknewwhattheydidnotwanttodo

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askcustomerstodownloadnewsecuritysoftware,orcarryaroundhardwaredevicesthatfeedthemPINcodestheycanusetoauthenticatetheiridentities.Bothsolutionswouldaddanextralayerofsecuritybut,thebanksbelieved,detractfromtheconvenienceofonlinebanking.11.Theimagesystem,introducedin2004byaSiliconValleyfirmcalledPassMarkSecurity,offeredbanksapain-freeadditiontotheirsecurityarsenals.BankofAmericawasamongthefirsttoadoptit,inJune2005,underthebrandnameSiteKey,askingits21millionWebsiteuserstoselectanimagefromthousandsofpossiblechoicesandtochooseauniquephrasetheywouldseeeverytimetheyloggedin.12.SiteKey"givesourcustomersafairlyeasywayofauthenticatingtheBankofAmericaWebsite,"saidSanjayGupta,ane-commerceexecutiveatthebank."Itwasverywellreceived."study,theysawasitemaintenancemessageonthescreenwheretheirimageandphrasesshouldhavebeenpictured.Theerrormessagealsohadaconspicuousspellingmistake,furthersuggestingsomethingfishy.14.Mr.GuptaofBankofAmericasaidhewasnottroubledbytheresultsofthesurvey,andstressedthatSiteKeyhadmadethebank'sWebsitemoresecure.Healsosaidthatthesystemwasonlyasinglepartofalargersecurityblanket."It'snotlikewe'rebettingthebankonSiteKey,"hesaid.15.Mostfinancialinstitutions,likeBankofAmerica,haveotherwaystotellifacustomerislegitimate.Thebanksoftendropasmallsoftwareprogram,calledacookie,ontoauser'sPCtoassociatethecomputerwiththecustomer.Ifthecustomerlogsinfromanothermachine,hemaybeaskedpersonalquestions,likehismother'smaidenname.16.RachnaDhamija,theHarvardresearcherwhoconductedthestudy,pointsoutthatswindlerscanusetheirdummyWebsitestoaskcustomersthosepersonalquestions.Shesaidthatthestudydemonstratedthatsite-authenticationimagesarefundamentallyflawedand,worse,mightactuallydetractfromsecuritybygivingusersafalsesenseofconfidence.17.RSASecurity,thecompanythatboughtPassMarklastyear,"hasalotofgreatdataonhowSiteKeyinstillstrustandconfidenceandgoodfeelingsintheircustomers,"Ms.Dhamijasaid."Ultimatelythatmightbewhytheyadoptedit.Sometimestheappearanceofsecurityismoreimportantthansecurityitself."Questions1-5Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage?PleasewriteTRUEifthestatementagreeswiththewriterFALSEifthestatementdoesnotagreewiththewriterNOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationaboutthisinthepassage1.Accordingtointernetsecurityexperts,secondarysecuritymeasuresprovidelittleadditionalprotectionagainstfraud.2.IntheHarvardandMITstudy,twosubjectsdidn'tlogonwithoutseeingthecorrectpictures.3.AccordingtoSchechter,morethan90%ofonlinebankingcustomersstudiedloggedonwithoutseeingtherightpictures.4.Theimagesystemistheonlysecuritymeasurethatthebanksmentionedinthepassagehavecurrently.5.BankofAmericaisthefirstbankthatadoptedtheimagesystem.Questions6-13AnswerthefollowingquestionsorcompletethefollowingsentencesbychoosingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.6.WhatisINGDirectandVanguard?7.WhatmightonlinebankingcustomersbecheatedtogiveatafraudulentWebsite?8.Whatmaystoponlinebankingcustomersfromusingnewverificationmethods?9.Thekeytoonlinebankingsecurityistoverifythe______ofcustomers.10.WhereisPassMarkSecuritylocated?11.WhatisthereasonwhySiteKeyispopularamongonlinebankingcustomers?study?13.Howmanysecuritymethodsarementionedinthispassage?参考答案：1. 第一段"Nowastudysuggeststhatapopularsecondarysecuritymeasureprovideslittleadditionalprotection." 似与问题文字很接近，但是原文中apopularsecondarysecuritymeasure是指特定的一个措施，而非泛指所有secondarysecuritymeasure。原文没有其它secondarysecuritymeasure安全有效性的内容。故应选择NG。见第4、5段内容。第四段"Buttheresearchershadsecretlywithdrawntheimages."即研究人员撤下了图形，第五段"Onlytwochosenottologon,citingsecurityco