初中语法连词讲解

连词一、并列连词：（一）连词的观点：连词是一种虚词，不可以担当一个句子成分。连词在句中主要起连结词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它主假如包含并列连词和附属连词。（二）并列连词的分类：表表示思转折的连词But,yet,however，still,while表示因果关系的连词For,so,therefore,since表选择的连词or,eitheror,neither，otherwisenor表示并列的连词And，notonlybutalso,bothand,aswellas例句：Slowbutsure.?要慢而稳。She’llbebackeitherthisweekornextweek.?她将在这周或下周回来。Iwentandshewentalso.?我去了，她也去了。（三）并列连词的用法：1、并列连词and和or：①and和or是用得最多的并列连词，能够连结：两个并列的动词：Weweresinginganddancingallevening.?整个夜晚我们都在唱歌跳舞。名词、形容词等：Thisappleisbigandred.Wouldyoulikefishorbeef??c.两个并列的分句（句子）：IsaiditandImeantit.?我说话算数。②and可连结两个分句，表示递进关系。Givehimaninchandhewilltakeamile.?他会贪得无厌。③or可连结分句，表示“不然”：Don’tdrivesofastoryou’llhavean别accident开这么快.?，不然你会出车祸。2、表表示思转折的连词：but,yet:but和yet的用法：Theweatherwillbesunnybutcold.?天气会明朗但很冷。Itisstrange,yettrue.这很奇异，倒是真的。②however,still等为副词，但可起连结作用，表表示思的转折---“可是”或“但是”。a.however:???Hisfirstresponsewastosayno.Later,however,hechangedhismind.他的第一反响是不可以，但以后他改变了想法。b.still:It’sraining;stillI’天dlike在下to雨go，.但??我仍是要去。③词组allthesame:Sheisnaughty,allthesamewehavetolaughatherjokes.?她很俏皮，但对她的恶作剧我们仍是要发笑。3、表示因果的连词：for能够表示“因为”，但指引的不是从句，而是并列分句，对前面状况加以解说，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开，这在书面语中比许常见。Thedayswereshort,foritwasnowDecember.?白日很短，因为此刻已经是十二月。Shemusthavegoneoutearly,forshehadnotcomeforbreakfast.她一定一早出去了，因为她没来吃早餐。②so表示结果，可译为“所以”、“所以”。Ourcaseswereheavy,sowetookataxi.我们的箱子很重，所以我们坐了出租车③therefore为副词，也表示相同的意思---“所以”，可放句前：Hehadgone;shethereforegavethemoneytome.他走了，于是她把钱给了我。4、both...and的用法Amanshouldhavebothcourageandperseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。【难点】5、就近原则：1）neithernorNeitherLucynorLilyisaLeaguemember.2）notonlybutalsoNotonlyyoubutalsohelikesfootball.3）eitherorEitherJimorPeterisright.4）notbutNotJimbutPeterbrokethecup.6、aswellas的用法:Ihavereadoneofhisnovelsaswellasafewofhisplays.我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。【基础练习】（一）依据句意采用and,but,or,so,while,for填空。Thegroundiswet,_________itrainedlastnight.It'safinedaytoday,_________everyoneisbusy.Thisisourfirstlesson,_________Idon'tknowallyournames.Takeanumbrellawithyou,_________you'llgetwet.DoyouunderstandwhatIsaid_________doyouwantmetoexplainitagain?Wehaveclassesinthemorning,_________wedon'thaveclassesintheafternoon.Sheisadoctor_________Iamateacher.Useyourhead,_________you'llfindaway.Theywenttothezooyesterday,_________theydidn'tseeanyanimals.Imustgonow,_________it'sgettingdark.Becareful,_________youwillfalloffthetree.12.—Excuseme.Doyouhaveatablefortwo?—I'msorry,_________therearen'tanyseatsnow.Wouldyoumindwaitingforawhile?Nevergiveup,_________you'llmakeit.Shewasverythirsty,_________shedranksomewaterfromtheriver.15.Youmustworkhard,_________you'llfallbehind。一.选择最正确答案：( )1MyauntaskswhetherIlikeawoolensweater______acottonone.D.not( )2EitherMary______Lucytoldhimtocometoseeus.( )3Hurryup,______we'llbelateforthefilm.( )4Bequick,______we'llbelate.D.so( )5Werantothetrees,_____wecouldn'tseeanymoremonkeys.( )6_____LiPing______WuFang______Leaguemembers.A.Neither;nor;areB.Either;nor;isC.Both;and;areD.Neither;or;is( )7Youcan______stayathome______goouttoplay.A.either;orB.so;thatC.neither;andD.both;and( )8_____WeiHua______Ann______verybusy.A.Both;and;isB.So;and;isC.Either;or;isD.So;that;are( )9______Monday______TuesdayisOK,Iwillbefreethen.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.So;thatD.Both;and( )10______mybrother_______sisteraredoctors.A.Not;butB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or二、附属连词：1．分类：从句种类主要附属连词时间从句when,while,as,before,after,until,till,whenever条件从句if,unless目的从句inorderthat,sothat结果从句sothat,suchthat,sothat,so原由从句because,as,since退步从句although,though,eventhough(if),while方式从句asif,asthough地址从句where,wherever比较从句than,as[说明]that,whether,if等附属连词可指引名词从句，在句中担当主语、宾语等。2．指引时间状语从句的连词(要点)：when:Don’tgetexcitedwhenyoutalk.?发言时别激动。while:Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.?我们要一鼓作气。as:Hesmiledashepassed.?他经过时笑了笑。before:Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.?要五年后我们才能再相见。after:I’lltellthemafteryouleave.?我将在你走后告诉他们。until,till:Iproposewaitingtillthepolicegethere.?我建议等警察来了再说。since:HowlongisitsinceyoucametoLondon??你到伦敦有多久了？whenever:Wheneveritispossible,theyplayoutside.?一有时机他们就到外面嬉戏。3．指引条件状语从句的连词(要点)：1）条件状语从句主要由if,unless,supposing(suppose)指引：if:Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhavetostayathome.unless:Iwon’twriteunlesshewritesfirst.?我不写信，除非他先给我写。2）条件状语从句还有其余形式：(难点)YouwillalwayshaveahomeaslongasIhaveanything.只需我有产业，你就永久会有一个家。Iwillcallyouassoonashecomesback.他一回来我就给你打电话。4．指引目的状语从句的连词：（要点）inorderthat:Ilenthim500yuaninorderthathecangoforaholiday.我借给他50英镑，使他能去度假。sothat:AskhertohurryupwiththeletterssothatIcansignthem.让她快点把信打好，以便我能署名。5．指引结果状语从句的连词：1）结果状语从句主要由sothat和suchthat指引：sothat:Hewassofatthathecouldn’tgetthoughthedoor.?他胖得连门都过不去了。suchthat:Jimmadesuchanoisethathissistertoldhimtobequiet.吉姆吵成那样，他姐姐让他寂静点。Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke.6．指引原由状语从句的连词：because:Becauseitrainedhetookataxi.?因为下雨他叫了一辆出租车。as:Asyou’resorry,I’llforgive既然you你悔.?悟了，我就谅解你。Since:Sinceyouwillgothere,Iwillgotoo.既然你要去，那我也去。7．退步状语从句的连词：although/though:Though/Althoughitisnotlarge,theroomwaslight.?房间固然不大，采光却很好。evenif:They’llstandbyyouevenifyoudon即’使t你succeed不可功，.他们也会支持你。8．指引方式状语从句的连词as:YououghttodoasItellyou.你应该照我说的做。like:Shecan’tdrawlikehersistercan她.不可以像她姐姐那样画画。asif/asthough:Helookedaboutasiflookingforsomething.他四周看了看，忧如在找什么似的。9．指引地址状语从句的连词：（难点）where:I’lldriveyouwhereyou’你re到going哪儿我.?都能够开车送你去。wherever:We’llgowhereveryousay.?你说哪里我们就到哪里。everywhere:Everywherehewent,hewasintroducedasthecurrentUSchampion.不论他到哪里，人们都介绍他是目前的美国冠军。nomatterwhere:Keepyourmobilephonewithyounomatterwhereyouare.不论在哪里你都要带着手机。10．指引比较状语从句的连词：than:YousingbetterthanIdo.?你的歌唱的比我好。as:That’snotsosimpleasitsounds.那?事其实不像听起来那么简单。11．指引其余从句的连词：1）指引主语从句和宾语的连词有that和whether,if能够指引宾语从句：that:Shealwayscomplainsthatheisdownonher.?她总是诉苦他看不起她。whether:Idon’tknowwhetheryoulikeflowers.?我不知道你喜不喜爱花。2）that和whether还能够指引表语从句：that:Thefactisthathedoesnllytry’.?trea事实是他没有真实去努力。whether:Thepointiswhetherweoughttorecommendhim.?问题是我们能否应该介绍他。【基础练习】（一）选择所给的连词填空：when,because,but,before,if,so.that,as.as,notuntil,and,after,or,since1.Hurryup,please!_______you’llbelateforschool.She________gotobed______hermothercameback.YesterdayJimdidn’tgotoseethefilm,________hemustgooverhislessons.Thestudentsweretalkingaboutthesportsmeeting_______theteachercamein.5.Iwas______tired________Icouldn’twalk.anymoreThisbuildingis_______tall________thatone.Tomwasillyesterday,________hestillwenttoschoolasusual.Heaskedme______Iwouldgotherewithhim.Wehavestudiedhere________1994.ThechildhadstudiedEnglishfortwoyears________hewenttomiddleschool._______theboyfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.12.Studyhardonyoursubjects,________you’lldowellintheexam.（二）选择最正确答案：()1.LiuMingtoldus____hisclasswereexcitedbythenews.A.whenB.howC.thatD.before()2.Myfatherdidn’tcomeback____hefinishedallthework.A.untilB.whileC.ifD.assoonas()3.Morepeoplecame____Ihadexpected.A.asifB.sothatC.sinceD.than()4.Hecan’tdecidewhichtochoose____there’snodifferencebetweenthem.A.butB.s