虚拟语气课件

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气虚拟语气(subjunctivemood),表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等.1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用2.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用3.小练习标志性词语：判断虚拟语气Ⅰ非真实条件句中谓语动词的形式

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用时态If条件从句主句现在were型Should/wouldbe过去hadbeen型Should/wouldhavebeen将来shouldbe型were型weretoShould/wouldbe最基础最重要Ⅳif的省略(1)在正式文体中，当if条件句中含有助动词had,should或were时，可以省略if,而将had,should或were提到句首，从而构成倒装虚拟句.Eg:Hadsuchdisasteroccurred,thedamagewouldhavebeenincalculable.

Werehetotelluseverything,wewouldtrytosolvethisproblem.(2)如果if条件句是含not的否定句，省略if时,not不能与助动词had,should或were同时提前。Eg:Haditnotbeenfortheirassistance,wecouldn’thavefinishedthetaskaheadoftime.Ⅰ虚拟语气在表示命令，请求，建议等从句中的应用

虚拟语气可用于表示命令，请求，建议，愿望，要求等名词性从句中，从句谓语形式是“should+动词原形”或“动词原形”（1）用于主语从句，其谓语用should+动词原形或只用动词原形。常用的形容词和分词有：essential,imperative,advisable,necessary,important,desirable,urgent,preferable,natural,suggested等。Eg:Itisnecessarythatyoushouldbepresentatthediscussion.Itwassuggestedthattheelectronicdevicebetestedatonce.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用(2)用于宾语从句，一种是用做动词wish的宾语的从句，表示愿望，常省去连词that。这种从句的谓语动词可用过去式，表示与现在事实相反；亦可用过去完成式，表示与过去事实相反。常用的动词有：advise,ask,command,decide,demand,desire,direct,insist,order,move,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest,urge等。Eg:Thelawyeraskedthatthecaseshouldbepostponedforonemonth.Thedetectiveinsistedthatheshouldhavealook.(3)表语从句或同位语从句在advice,command,demand,desire,idea,order,plan等名词作主语的表语.从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用shouldbe型或be型虚拟式。Eg:Thedoctor’sadviceisthatthepatientshouldbekeptquiet.Herejectedmyadvicethatheshouldmeetmyson.Ⅱ虚拟语气在wish后从句中的应用动词wish后所跟的宾语从句表示实现可能性极小或与事实相反的情况,从句用虚拟语气.(1)表示与现在情况相反的愿望时,句式为:主语+wish+(that)+宾语从句(谓语动词用一般过去时)Eg:IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldchangemyjob.(2)表示与过去情况相反的愿望时,句式为:主语+wish+(that)宾语从句(谓语动词用过去完成时/could+现在完成时)Eg:Iwishthathehadnotmadesomuchfussaboutit.

Ⅳ虚拟语气在“It’s+about/hightime+从句”中的应用在It’sabout/hightime+从句的结构中,从句用一般过去时的虚拟语气.Eg:“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimethatyourealizedthatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld.”Edgersaidtohisbossangrily.Itisabouttimethatwewenttoschool.Ⅲ虚拟语气在ifonly感叹句中的应用Ifonly后面的句子用虚拟语气,表示“但愿”,“要是…就好了”,其用法基本与wish相同.Eg:Ifonlyhehadfollowedyouradvice.Ifonlyshewouldcome.Ⅶ虚拟式动词原形用于独立句中虚拟语气用于表示祝愿,诅咒等意义的公式化的句子中,谓语动词为be虚拟式.Eg:Godblessyou.Longliveourmotherland.Thedeviltakeyou.Ⅷ

倒装的让步状语从句中的虚拟语气有些让步状语从句是倒装句,这种倒装句往往是一些公式化的句子,句中的谓语动词为be型虚拟式,或v.aux.+动词原形.Eg:SaywhatIwould,herefusedtogo.Bethatasitmay,weshouldstillhelphim.Heisinnocent,beheeversonaughty.1.“Howshouldthecityberun?”“IfI()amayor,Iwouldmakethestreetscleanerandhiremorepolicemen.”A.wouldB.wereC.wouldbeD.should2.Thingsmighthavebeenmuchworseifthemother()onherrighttokeepthebaby.A.hasbeeninsistingB.hadinsistedC.wouldinsistD.insisted3.Asafetyanalysis()thetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.A.wouldidentifyB.willidentifyC.wouldhaveidentifiedD.willhaveidentifiedBBCExercisesforyou4.Jackwishesthathe()businessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.

A.studiedB.study

C.hadbeenstudyingD.hadstudied

5.Wouldn’tyouratheryourchild()tobedearly?

A.goB.wen