2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号10VIP

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

ThenameofFlorenceNightingalelivesinthememoryoftheworldbyvirtueoftheheroicadventureoftheCrimea.Hadshedied—asshenearlydid—uponherreturntoEngland,herreputationwouldhardlyhavebeendifferent；herlegendwouldhavecomedowntousalmostasweknowittoday—thatgentlevisionoffemalevirtuewhichfirsttookshapebeforetheadoringeyesofthesicksoldiersatScutari.Yet,asamatteroffact,shelivedformorethanhalfacenturyaftertheCrimeanWar；andduringthegreaterpartofthatlongperiodalltheenergyandallthedevotionofherextraordinarynaturewereworkingattheirhighestpitch.Whatsheaccomplishedinthoseyearsofunknownlaborcould,indeed,hardlyhavebeenmoregloriousthanherCrimeantriumphs；butitwascertainlymoreimportant.Thetruehistorywasfarstrangereventhanthemyth.InMissNightingale’sowneyestheadventureoftheCrimeawasamereincident—scarcelymorethanausefulstepping-stoneinhercareer.Itwasthefulcrumwithwhichshehopedtomovetheworld；butitwasonlythefulcrum.Formorethanagenerationshewastositinsecret,workingherlever:andherreallifebeganattheverymomentwhen,inpopularimagination,ithadended.

ShearrivedinEnglandinashatteredstateofhealth.Thehardshipsandtheceaselesseffortsofthelasttwoyearshadunderminedhernervoussystem；herheartwasaffected；shesufferedconstantlyfromfainting-fitsandterribleattacksofutterphysicalprostration.Thedoctorsdeclaredthatonethingalonewouldsaveher—acompleteandprolongedrest.Butthatwasalsotheonethingwithwhichshewouldhavenothingtodo.Shehadneverbeeninthehabitofresting；whyshouldshebeginnow?Now,whenheropportunityhadcomeatlast；now,whentheironwashot,anditwastimetostrike?No；shehadworktodo；and,comewhatmight,shewoulddoit.Thedoctorsprotestedinvain；invainherfamilylamentedandentreated,invainherfriendspointedouttoherthemadnessofsuchacourse.Madness?Mad—possessed—perhapsshewas.Afrenzyhadseizeduponher.Asshelayuponhersofa,gasping,shedevouredblue-books,dictatedletters,and,intheintervalsofherpalpitations,crackedjokes.Formonthsatastretchsheneverleftherbed.Butshewouldnotrest.Atthisrate,thedoctorsassuredher,evenifshedidnotdie,shewouldbecomeaninvalidforlife.Shecouldnothelpthat；therewasworktobedone；and,asforrest,verylikelyshemightrest...whenshehaddoneit.

Wherevershewent,toLondonorinthecountry,inthehillsofDerbyshire,oramongtherhododendronsatEmbley,shewashauntedbyaghost.ItwasthespecterofScutari—thehideousvisionoftheorganizationofamilitaryhospital.Shewouldlaythatphantom,orshewouldperish.ThewholesystemoftheArmyMedicalDepartment,theeducationoftheMedicalOfficer,theregulationsofhospitalprocedure...rest?Howcouldsherestwhilethesethingswereastheywere,while,ifthelikenecessityweretoariseagain,thelikeresultswouldfollow?And,eveninpeaceandathome,whatwasthesanitaryconditionoftheArmy?Themortalityinthebarracks,was,shefound,nearlydoublethemortalityincivillife.“Youmightaswelltake1,100meneveryyearoutuponSalisburyPlainandshootthem，”shesaid.AfterinspectingthehospitalsatChatham,shesmiledgrimly.“Yes，thisisonemoresymptomofthesystemwhich,intheCrimea,puttodeath16,000men.”Scutarihadgivenherknowledge；andithadgivenherpowertoo:herenormousreputationwasatherback—anincalculableforce.Otherwork,otherduties,mightliebeforeher；butthemosturgent,themostobvious,ofallwastolooktothehealthoftheArmy.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theworkdoneduringthelastfiftyyearsofFlorenceNightingale’slifewas，whencomparedwithherworkintheCrimea,allofthefollowingexcept（）.

2.Paragraph2paintsapictureofawomanwhois（）.

3.TheprimarypurposeofParagraph3isto（）.

4.Theauthor’sattitudetohismaterialis（）.

5.Inherstatement(Paragraph3,Sentence8)MissNightingaleintendedto（）.

问题1选项

A.lessdramatic

B.lessdemanding

C.lesswell-knowntothepublic

D.moreimportant

问题2选项

A.mentallyshattered

B.stubbornandquerulous

C.physicallyweakbutmentallyindomitable

D.purposefulyettiresome

问题3选项

A.accountforconditionsinthearmy

B.showtheneedforhospitalreform

C.explainMissNightingale’smainconcerns

D.arguethatpeacetimeconditionswereworsethanwartimeconditions

问题4选项

A.disinterestedreportingofbiographicaldetails

B.over-inflationofareputation

C.debunkingamyth

D.interpretationaswellasnarration

问题5选项

A.criticizetheconditionsinhospitals

B.highlighttheunhealthyconditionsunderwhichordinarysoldierswereliving

C.provethatconditionsinthebarrackswereasbadasthoseinamilitaryhospital

D.ridiculethedangersofarmylife

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:南丁格尔女士后五十年的工作，作者认为是费尽心力的，选项Blessdemanding显然是错误的；作者用legend来形容南丁格尔后来在克里米亚的经历，Whatsheaccomplishedinthoseyearsofunknownlaborcould,indeed,hardlyhavebeenmoregloriousthanherCrimeantriumphs;butitwascertainlymoreimportant,虽然不那么广为人知，但是却更为重要。选项B符合题意。

第2题:文章第二段第二句提到南丁格尔女士的身体状况：underminedhernervoussystem,herheartwasaffected,fainting-fits,physicalprostration，这都说明她的身体是虚弱的，但是她却依然不忘记工作，显然她的精神依然没被击垮，选项C符合题意。

第3题:文章第三段主要讲述了南丁格尔女士对军队医疗条件的担忧，选项C符合题意。

第4题:作者讲述了南丁格尔女士在克里米亚战后的生活，整篇文章都是对主人公的赞美，但并没有吹捧，选项B排除；选项A与C是否定意味，排除，所以选项D符合题意。

第5题:南丁格尔关注的是军队的医疗条件，最后一段最后一句话butthemosturgent,themostobvious,ofallwastolooktothehealthoftheArmy，她认为最迫切的问题就是去救助军队里的生命，所以选项B符合题意，她是为了指出普通士兵所生活的不卫生的环境。

2.单选题

ProfessorSmithhasalreadyretired,buthisteachingsstill（）stronginfluenceonhisstudents.

问题1选项

A.execute

B.forsake

C.exert

D.forge

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。execute“实行，执行；处死”；forsake“放弃”；exert“运用，发挥；施以影响”；forge“锻造”。句意：Smith教授已经退休了，但是他的教导依然在他的学生中产生重大影响。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

AstoutoldladywaswalkingwithherbasketdownthemiddleofastreetinPetrogradtothegreatconfusionofthetrafficandwithnosmallperiltoherself.Itwaspointedouttoherthatthepavementwastheplaceforpedestrians,butshereplied,“I’mgoingtowalkwhereIlike.We’vegotlibertynow.”Itdidnotoccurtothedearoldladythatiflibertyentitledthepedestriantowalkdownthemiddleoftheroad,thentheendofsuchlibertywouldbeuniversalchaos.Everybodywouldbegettingineverybodyelse’swayandnobodywouldgetanywhere.Individuallibertywouldhavebecomesocialanarchy.

Thereisadangeroftheworldgettingliberty—drunkinthesedaysliketheoldladywiththebasket,anditisjustaswelltoremindourselvesofwhattheruleoftheroadmeans.Itmeansthatinorderthatthelibertiesofallmaybepreserved,thelibertiesofeverybodymustbecurtailed.Whenthepoliceman,say,atPiccadillyCircusstepsintothemiddleoftheroadandputsouthishand,heisthesymbolnotoftyranny,butofliberty.Youmaynotthinkso.Youmay,beinginahurry,andseeingyourcarpulledupbythisinsolenceofoffice,feelthatyourlibertyhasbeenoutraged.Howdarethisfellowinterferewithyourfreeuseofthepublichighway?Then,ifyouareareasonableperson,youwillreflectthatifhedidnotinterferewithyou,hewouldinterferewithnoone,andtheresultwouldbethatPiccadillyCircuswouldbeamaelstromthatyouwouldnevercrossatall.Youhavesubmittedtoacurtailmentofprivatelibertyinorderthatyoumayenjoyasocialorderwhichmakesyourlibertyareality.

Libertyisnotapersonalaffaironly,butasocialcontract.Itisanaccommodationofinterests.Inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcourse,ImaybeasfreeasIlike.IfIchoosetogodowntheroadinadressing-gownwhoshallsaymenay?Youhavelibertytolaughatme,butIhavelibertytobeindifferenttoyou.AndifIhaveafancyfordyeingmyhair,orwaxingmymoustache(whichheavenforbid),orwearinganovercoatandsandals,orgoingtobedlateorgettingupearly,Ishallfollowmyfancyandasknoman’spermission.IshallnotinquireofyouwhetherImayeatmustardwithmymutton.Andyouwillnotaskmewhetheryoumayfollowthisreligionorthat,whetheryoumaypreferEllaWheelerWilcoxtoWordsworth,orchampagnetoshandy.

InalltheseandathousandotherdetailsyouandIpleaseourselvesandasknoone’sleave.Wehaveawholekingdominwhichwerulealone,candowhatwechoose,bewiseorridiculous,harshoreasy,conventionalorodd.Butdirectlywestepoutofthatkingdom,ourpersonallibertyofactionbecomesqualifiedbyotherpeople’sliberty.Imightliketopracticeonthetrombonefrommidnighttillthreeinthemorning.IfIwentontothetopofEveresttodoit,Icouldpleasemyself,butifIdoitinmybedroommyfamilywillobject,andifIdoitoutinthestreetstheneighborswillremindmethatmylibertytoblowthetrombonemustnotinterferewiththeirlibertytosleepinquiet.Therearealotofpeopleintheworld,andIhavetoaccommodatemylibertytotheirliberties.

Weareallliabletoforgetthis,andunfortunatelywearemuchmoreconsciousoftheimperfectionsofothersinthisrespectthanofourown.Areasonableconsiderationfortherightsorfeelingsofothersisthefoundationofsocialconduct.Itisinthesmallmattersofconduct,intheobservanceoftheruleoftheroad,thatwepassjudgmentuponourselves,anddeclarethatwearecivilizedoruncivilized.Thegreatmomentsofheroismandsacrificearerare.Itisthelittlehabitsofcommonplaceintercoursethatmakeupthegreatsumoflifeandsweetenormakebitterthejourney.

1.Theauthormighthavestatedhis“ruleoftheroad”as（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetotheoldladyinParagraph1is（）.

3.Asituationanalogoustothe“insolenceofoffice”describedinParagraph2wouldbe（）.

4.Theauthorassumesthathemaybeasfreeashelikesin（）.

5.Inthesentence“Weareallliable...”theauthoris（）.

问题1选项

A.donotwalkinthemiddleoftheroad

B.followtheordersofpolicemen

C.donotbehaveinconsideratelyinpublic

D.dowhatyoulikeinprivate

问题2选项

A.condescending

B.intolerant

C.objective

D.supportive

问题3选项

A.ateachercorrectinggrammarerrors

B.aneditorshorteningthetextofanarticle

C.ataxinspectordemandingtoseesomeone’saccounts

D.anarmyofficegivingorderstoasoldier

问题4选项

A.allmattersofdressandfood

B.anysituationwhichdoesnotinterferewiththelibertyofothers

C.anythingthatisnotagainstthelaw

D.hisownhome

问题5选项

A.pointingoutageneralweakness

B.emphasizinghismainpoint

C.counteringageneralmisconception

D.suggestingaremedy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:ruleoftheroad出现在文章的第二段第一句话的后半句，作者在第一段中举了老太太不走人行道过马路这个例子来说明当时的社会风气。作者的观点是要懂得在公共场合体谅他人。选项C符合题意。

第2题:作者对老太太过马路不遵守交通规则持反对态度，认为她只顾自己的绝对自由而不管他人，所以选项B符合题意。

第3题:insolenceofoffice指的是前面提到的警察指挥交通，这种行为看似侵害到了个人自由，选项C“税务检察院检查某人的账目”与之相似，选项C符合题意。

第4题:文章第三段第二句话inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcourse,ImaybeasfreeasIlike提到绝对自由的前提是不要妨碍他人的自由，所以选项B符合题意。

第5题:句子位于文章最后一段第一句话，这个句子中的this指代上文提到的不应该妨碍他人的自由，人们很容易忘记这一点，人们容易看到别人的缺陷。作者指出人们都有这个缺点，选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Afterafewdays,exhaustion______andtheclimberswereforcedtogiveuptheirattempttoreachthetopofthemountain.

问题1选项

A.setoff

B.setin

C.setto

D.setout

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。setoff“出发”；setin“开始，流行”；setto“开始认真干”；setout“开始，成列”。句意：几天后，疲惫渐渐袭来，爬山者被迫放弃爬到山顶的尝试。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto（）yourthirst?

问题1选项

A.quench

B.quell

C.quash

D.quieten

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。quench“压制，抑制，止（渴）”；quell“镇压，平息，压制”；quash“取消；废除；镇压”；quieten“安静，抚慰”。句意：用杯橙汁来止渴怎么样？选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Theyoungmanwasatthe_______ofhiscareerwhenhewaskilledinacaraccident.

问题1选项

A.zenith

B.glamour

C.bloom

D.blossom

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。zenith“鼎盛时期”；glamour“魅力”；bloom“开花”；blossom“开花期”。句意：这个年轻人处在事业鼎盛时期，当他死于一场交通事故的时候。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Hesawuniversityasacommunityofscholars,wherestudentswere（

）byteachersintoanappreciationofdifferentphilosophicalapproaches.

问题1选项

A.extracted

B.deducted

C.inducted

D.conducted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。extracted“提取”；deducted“扣除，减去；演绎”；inducted“引导；感应”；conducted“管理，引导；表现”。induct和conduct都有“引导”的意思，但是前者有教授知识的意味，所以选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Asisknowntoall,avaguelawisalways（）todifferentinterpretations.

问题1选项

A.invulnerable

B.immune

C.resistant

D.susceptible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。invulnerable“不会受伤害的，无懈可击的”；immune“免疫的”；resistant“抵抗的，有抵抗力的”；susceptible“容许……的；易受影响的”。句意：众所周知，一条含糊不清的法规总允许有不同的解释。选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Thepresidenthassaidthattherearenoplansto（）taxes.

问题1选项

A.raise

B.rise

C.arise

D.soar

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。raise“提高；筹集”；rise“上升；增强”；arise“出现；上升；起立”；soar“高飞，高耸”。句意：总统称没有增加税收的计划。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

Forsomepeoplebroughtupinthisperiod,thehabitsof（）dutylastedforthewholeoftheirlifetime.

问题1选项

A.capricious

B.callous

C.filial

D.elusive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。capricious“任性的”；callous“无情的，麻木的”；filial“孝顺的”；elusive“难懂的；难捉摸的”。句意：对于这个时期长大的一些人来说，孝顺长辈的习惯伴随他们一生。选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

Thecomputerdoesn't（）humanthought;itreachesthesameendsbydifferentmeans.

问题1选项

A.flunk

B.renew

C.succumb

D.mimic

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。flunk“失败，放弃，考试不及格”；renew“使更新，使复原，使恢复”；succumb“屈服，屈从，死”；mimic“模仿”。句意：计算机没有模仿人类思维；它依靠不同的方法达到同样的效果。选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Togetmytravellers'chequesIhadto（）aspecialchequetothebankforthetotalamount.

问题1选项

A.makefor

B.makeout

C.makeup

D.makeoff

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。makefor“走向，有助于，导致”；makeout“辨认出，填写，理解”；makeup“组成，弥补，虚构，缝制”；makeoff“（尤指做了错事后）匆忙离开，逃走”。句意：为了拿到游客们的支票，我不得不给银行填写了一个包含所有费用的特殊支票。选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

（

）downthanthetelephonerang.

问题1选项

A.NotuntilIlay

B.NosoonerhadIlain

C.HardlyhadIlain

D.ScarcelydidIlie

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句。lie“躺；位于”，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是：lay,lain,lying；lay“放，搁，下蛋”，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别是：laid,laid,laying。句意：我刚躺下，电话就响了。Nosonner…than…为固定句式，且前半句需要部分倒装，所以选项B符合题意。

14.单选题

Whathetoldmewasa（）ofdownrightlies.

问题1选项

A.load

B.mob

C.pack

D.flock

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。load“负荷，重担，装载量”；mob“暴民，乌合之众”；pack“包裹，背包”；flock“（飞禽，牲畜等的）群”。句意：他告诉我的都是一些明显的谎言。aloadof“大量，许多”，选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

Herknowledgeandexperiencewouldmakehera(n)（）assettotheteam.

问题1选项

A.worthless

B.priceless

C.valueless

D.inexpensive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。worthless“不值钱的，无价值的”；priceless“无价的，极贵重的”；valueless“无价值的，微不足道的”；inexpensive“便宜的”。句意：她的学识和经验将成为团队无价的资产。选项B符合题意。

16.单选题

_______nothingmoretosay,themangottohisfeet,saidgoodbyeandlefttheroom.

问题1选项

A.Therewas

B.Astherebeing

C.Being

D.Therebeing

【答案】D

【解析】考查therebe句型。therebe结构的独立主格的用法。选项D符合题意。句意：男子没有多说什么，起身道别，离开了房间。

17.单选题

Hercinematicdebutwas（）andshedecidedtoreturntothetheatrewheresheremainedfortherestofhercareer.

问题1选项

A.indelible

B.infallible

C.incredulous

D.inauspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。indelible“难忘的”；infallible“绝对可靠的”；incredulous“怀疑的，不轻信的”；inauspicious“不详的”。句意：她在电影中的初次登场让人难忘，所以决定重新回到影坛来继续她的事业。选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

Shedescribedthedistributionoffoodandmedicalsuppliesasa（）nightmare.

问题1选项

A.paranoid

B.putative

C.benign

D.logistical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。paranoid“像偏执狂的；患偏执狂的”；putative“推定的，假定的，被公认的”；benign“（气候）良好的，仁慈的，和蔼的”；logistical“逻辑的，运筹的；后勤方面的”。句意：她把食物分配和医疗供应描述成是一场后勤的噩梦。选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

Theoutlyingislandthatbelongstothis______metropolisisanoasiswheregreenprevailsandtraditionsholdfast.

问题1选项

A.bustling

B.whistling

C.ruffling

D.rustling

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。bustling“繁华的”；whistling“发出口哨声的”；ruffling“弄皱”；rustling“沙沙作响的”。句意：属于这座繁华都市的边远岛屿是一片绿洲，到处都是绿色，传统风格盛行。选项A符合题意。

20.单选题

Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedare（）.

问题1选项

A.outofwork

B.outofstock

C.outofreach

D.outofpractice

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。outofwork“失业的”；outofstock“无现货的，无库存的”；outofreach“够不着”；outofpractice“久不练习，荒废”。句意：很遗憾的告诉你，你预定的材料没有现货了。选项B符合题意。

21.单选题

Hewas（）forhisyearsofservicetothecompanywithagrandfarewellpartyandseveralpresents.

问题1选项

A.awarded

B.rewarded

C.warded

D.safeguarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。award“授予，判定”；reward“奖励，奖赏”；ward“避开，保卫，守护”；safeguard“保护，保卫”。句意：他因数年对公司的贡献而获得奖赏，公司为他举行了一个隆重的欢送会还有几样礼物。选项B符合题意。

22.单选题

Sheworegloveswhenshewasgardeningtopreventthenettlesfrom_____her.

问题1选项

A.flicking

B.striking

C.stinging

D.flapping

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。flicking“闪烁”；striking“打击，罢工”；stinging“刺痛”；flapping“拍打”。句意：当她打理花园时，会戴手套，以防荨麻刺痛自己。选项C符合题意。

23.单选题

Legislationhasbeendevelopedthroughoutthe20thcenturyattemptingtoprotectemployeesfrom（）dismissalbytheiremployers.

问题1选项

A.unrecognizable

B.undeniable

C.unreachable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。unrecognizable“未被承认的，无法认出的”；deniable“不可否认的，无可争辩的”；unreachable“不能得到的；不能到达的”；unjustifiable“不合道理的；不能分辨的”。句意：发展贯穿整个20世纪的法律是为了保护员工，让他们不再被雇主无理由解雇。选项D符合题意。

24.单选题

Itdidnottakelongforthecentralbankto（）theirfears.

问题1选项

A.soothe

B.snub

C.smear

D.sanctify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。soothe“使平静，安慰，缓和”；snub“冷落，斥责”；smear“涂上，抹掉，诽谤”；sanctify“使神圣”。句意：银行并没有花费很长时间就缓解了人们的忧虑。选项A符合题意。

25.单选题

Pioneermenandwomenenduredterriblehardships,and（）.

问题1选项

A.neitherdidthechildren

B.sodotheirchildren

C.alsothechildren

D.sodidtheirchildren

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装句的用法。前面一句是过去式的肯定句，后面用so提前进行倒装，选项D符合题意。

26.单选题

Mrs.Brownissupposed（）forItalylastweek.

问题1选项

A.toleave

B.tobeleaving

C.tohaveleft

D.tohavebeenleft

【答案】C

【解析】考查suppose的用法。时间状语是lastweek，说明是为了强调过去的时间，所以应该用完成时，Brown女士是主动离开，所以选项C符合题意。

27.单选题

Wehadtotakethefrontdooroffits(

)

togetthisdeskintothehouse.

问题1选项

A.joints

B.hinges

C.boards

D.axles

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。joint“连接处，关节”；hinge“合页”；board“木板”；axles“轴”。句意：我们得把前门卸下来，以便把桌子搬进屋子里。选项B符合题意。

28.单选题

Theproblemofwherewewillraisethefundsfortheschemehasnotyetbeen（）.

问题1选项

A.accessed

B.addressed

C.dealt

D.expressed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。access“使用；存取；接近”；address“向……致词；从事；忙于；处理”；deal“处理”；express“表达”。句意：我们应该从何处来募集这个计划的资金这个问题还没有得到处理。deal表示处理后面要接介词with，所以选项B符合题意。

29.单选题

Thenewsthatthecompanyisbeingtakenoverbyforeigninvestorshasseverely（）thestockmarkets.

问题1选项

A.vibrated

B.swung

C.trembled

D.jolted

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。vibrate“使震动，使摇摆”，指急速地连续震动，也指钟摆等来回摆动；swing“使摇摆，使旋转”；tremble“发抖，颤动”；jolt“使震惊，使颠簸”。句意：公司被国外投资者接管的消息深深震惊了股市。选项D符合题意。

30.单选题

I’msorryI’mlate—Ihadamental（

）andforgetthatwewouldhaveameetingtoday.

问题1选项

A.aberration

B.perversion

C.imbalance

D.sanity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。aberration“神经迷乱；离开正路；越轨”；perversion“反常，颠倒，曲解”；imbalance“不平衡，不安定”；sanity“明智，头脑清楚”。句意：很抱歉我迟到了。我有点精神恍惚忘记了今天还有个会议。选项A符合题意。

31.单选题

Astheyenteredthevillageshop,theoldladybehindthecounter________atthemkindly.

问题1选项

A.beamed

B.glared

C.grimaced

D.peeped

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。beamatsb.“对某人微笑”；glareatsb.“盯着某人；怒视某人”；grimace“扮鬼脸”；peepat“偷窥”。句意：当他们走进乡村小店时，柜台后面的老妇人朝他们友好地微笑。选项A符合题意。

32.单选题

Theyartificially（）thevalueofthehousesotheycould“reduce”itandmakepeoplethinkitwasabargain.

问题1选项

A.enlarged

B.underestimated

C.raised

D.inflated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。enlarge“扩大，增大”；underestimate“低估，看清”；raise“举起，提高”；inflate“膨胀，充气”。句意：他们人为地抬高房子的价格，再“低价”出售，让人们以为这是大减价。选项C符合题意。

33.单选题

Youcan'tcountonhim;he'sliableto____________outwhenthingsbecomedifficult.

问题1选项

A.be

B.let

C.take

D.opt

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。beout“不在家”；letout“泄露”；takeout“取出”；optout“变卦”。句意：你不能指望他，如果事情变得复杂，他有可能会变卦。选项D符合题意。

34.填空题

NowwhenIhadmasteredthelanguageofthiswater,andhadcometoknoweverytriflingfeaturesthatborderedthegreatriverasfamiliarlyasIknewthelettersofthealphabet,Ihadmadeavaluableacquisition.ButIhadlostsomethingtoo.Ihadlostsomethingwhichcouldneverbe（1）tomewhileIlived.Allthegrace,thebeauty,thepoetryhadgoneoutofthemajesticriver!Istillkeepin（2）acertainwonderfulsunsetwhichIwitnessedwhensteam-boatingwasnewtome.Abroadexpanseoftheriverwasturnedtoblood;inthemiddledistancetheredhuebrightenedintogold,（3）whichasolitarylogcamefloatingblackandconspicuous,inoneplacealong,slantingmarklaysparkinguponthewater;in（4）thesurfacewasbrokenbyboiling,tumblingrings,thatwereasmany-tintedasanopal;（5）theruddyflushwasfaintest,wasasmoothspotthatwascoveredwithgracefulcirclesandradiatinglines,eversodelicatelytraced;theshore（6）ourleftwasdenselywoodedandthesombershadowthat（7）fromthisforestwasbrokeninoneplacebyalong,ruffledtrailthatshonelikesilver;andhigh（8）theforestwallaclean-stemmeddeadtreewavedasingleleafyboughthatglowedlikeaflameintheunobstructedsplendorthatwasflowingfromthesun.Thereweregracefulcurves,reflectedimages,softdistances;andoverthewholescene,（9）andnear,thedissolvinglightsdriftedsteadilyenriching（10）everypassingmomentwithnewmarvelsofcoloring.

【答案】1.restored

2.mind

3.through

4.another

5.where

6.on

7.fell

8.above

9.far

10.it

【解析】1.考查上下文理解。句意：我失去了一些在有生之年永远不会再得到的东西。所以空格处应该填写restored。

2.考查前后逻辑和固定搭配。根据句意可知是作者仍然记得落日的美，keepinmind“记住”。

3.考查定语从句，形式为介词+which，根据前后文，空格处应该填through。

4.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在的前一句出现了inoneplace，可知空格处应该是提到另一个地方，所以填another。

5.考查主语从句。空格处需要填写一个词来引导主语从句，where符合题意。

6.考查介词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“我们左边的河岸”。onourleft“在我们左边”。

7.考查动词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“树林里投下来的影子”。fall“落下，掉下”符合题意。此处采用的是过去时态，所以填fell。

8.考查介词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“在高高的林墙上面”。above”在……上方”。

9.考查固定搭配。farandnear“到处”。

10.考查代词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“落日的余晖正在慢慢消逝，向大地展现神奇的光芒。”此处填it。

35.单选题

Shesaidthatthetreatmentshehadreceivedinthehospitalhascompletely（

）herasherdignity.

问题1选项

A.thrived

B.suspended

C.deprived

D.contrived

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。thrive“繁荣”；suspend“延缓，推迟”；deprive“使丧失，剥夺”；contrive“设计，发明”。句意：她说在医院接受的治疗完全剥夺了她的尊严。选项C符合题意。

36.单选题

InmyOpinion,agooddealofthe（）fortheirsuccessmustgotoJohnFrancis,thecaptain.

问题1选项

A.reputation

B.respect

C.credit

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。reputation“名声，名誉”；respect“尊重”；credit“功劳；信誉”；compliment“赞美”。句意：在我看来，他们的成功主要归功于他们的队长约翰。选项C符合题意。

37.单选题

Wearetoldthatthemassmediaarethegreatestorgansforenlightenmentthattheworldhasyetseen;thatinBritain,forinstance,severalmillionpeopleseeeachissueofthecurrentaffairsprogramme,Panorama.Itistruethatneverinhumanhistoryweresomanypeoplesooftenandsomuchexposedtosomanyintimationsaboutsocieties,formsoflife,attitudesotherthanthosewhichobtainintheirownlocalsocieties.Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities;widthofjudgment,asenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes.Yetinitselfsuchexposuredoesnotbringintellectualorimaginativedevelopment.Itisnonotethanthemassesofstonewhichliearoundinaquarryandwhichmay,conceivablygotothemakingofacathedral.Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdoesnotalwayspromptotherstobuild.Forthestonesareresentedwithinaself-containedandself-sufficientworldinwhich,itisimplied,simplytolookatthem,toobserve—fleetingly—individuallyinterestingpointsofdifferencebetweenthem,issufficientinitself.

Lifeisindeedfullofproblemsonwhichwehaveto—orfeelweshouldtryto—makedecisions,ascitizensorasprivateindividuals.Butneithertherealdifficultyofthesedecisions,northeirtrueanddisturbingchallengetoeachindividual,canoftenbecommunicatedthroughthemassmedia.Thedisinclinationtosuggestrealchoice,individualdecision,whichistobefoundinthemassmediaisnotsimplytheproductofacommercialdesire,tokeepthecustomershappy.Itiswithinthegrainofmasscommunications.TheorgansoftheEstablishment,howeverwell-intentionedtheymaybeandWhatevertheirform(theState,theChurch,voluntarysocieties,politicalparties),haveavestedinterestinensuringthatthepublicboatisnotviolentlyrocked,andwillsoaffectthosewhoworkwithinthemassmediathatthenwillbeledinsensiblytowardsformsofproductionwhich,thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandenquirydonotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchenquiriesmightreallyhurt,Theywilltendtomove,whenexposingproblems,wellwithintheacceptedclicheassumptions.Ofdemocraticsocietyandwilltendneitherradicallytoquestiontheseclichesnortomakeadisturbingapplicationofthemtofeaturesofcontemporarylife.Theywillstressthe“stimulation”theprogrammersgive,butthissoonbecomesanagitationofproblemsforthesakeoftheinterestofthatagitationinitself;theywilltherefore,again,assistaformofacceptanceofthestatusquo.Thereareexceptionstothistendency,buttheyareuncharacteristic.

Theresultcanbeseeninahundredradioandtelevisionprogrammersasplainlyasinthenormaltreatmentofpublicissuesinthepopularpress.Differentlevelsofbackgroundinthereadersorviewersmaybeassumed,butwhatusuallytakesplaceisasubstitutefortheprocessofarrivingatjudgment.Programmerssuchasthisarenoteworthylessforthe'stimulation'theyofferthanforthefactthatthatstimulation(repeatedatregularintervals)maybecomeasubstitutefor,andsoahindranceto,judgmentscarefullyarrivedatandtestedinthemindandonthepulses.Masscommunications,then,donotignoreintellectualmatters;theytendtocastratethem,toallowthemtositonthesideofthefireplace,sleekanduseless,afamilyplaything.

1.TheauthorholdsthattheEstablishmentshouldtryto（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whenmasscommunicationsdealwithintellectualmatters,theyshould（）.

3.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorusesthecomparisonwithbuildingacathedraljusttoshow（）.

4.Theword“fleetingly”inParagraph1means（）.

5.Inthepassagetheauthorcriticizesthemassmediafor（）.

问题1选项

A.doagoodservicetosociety

B.altertheformofpublicinstitutions

C.maintainitspositioninsociety

D.kindlestrongemotionsinthepublic

问题2选项

A.lookonthemasadomesticpastime

B.regardthemasmostpressingmatters

C.thinkofthemascontroversialmatters

D.considerthemtobeofonlydomesticinterest

问题3选项

A.sometimespayingcloseattentiontodetailsisextremelyimportant

B.greatworksofartusuallyneedgoodandsolidfoundations

C.theancientsocietyhaddifferentbeliefs

D.worthwhileresultsdonotdependonrawmaterialsonly

问题4选项

A.attentively

B.transiently

C.Sentimentally

D.strictly

问题5选项

A.theirwideningthegapbetw