2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号25

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-对外经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.问答题

Artistsusecaricaturetodistortthehumanfaceorfigureforcomicaffectwhileatthesametime

A

B

capturinganidentifiablelikenessandsuggestingtheessenceofthepersonalityorcharacter

C

beneaththesurface.Thehumorliesinthefactthatthecaricatureisrecognizable,andyetexasperated.

D

【答案】试题答案：B;effect

【解析】考查名词辨析。comic为形容词，意为“”喜剧的，后面接名词。affect作动词时，意为“影响”，作名词时，意为“情感”；effect为名词，意为“影响，效果”。

2.问答题

ThefounderofAlibabaoncesaid“Singles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.”Headdedthat:“AlibabawillholdSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalforatleast100years,andmakeSingles’DayashoppingfestivalfornotonlyChineseconsumersbutalsopeoplearoundtheworld.ThefestivalwilllastevenlongerthanAlibabaitself.”

ChineseshoppershavespentbigovertheSingles’Dayshoppingfestival,showingthecountry’sstrongeconomicrecoveryfollowingtheCovid-19epidemic.SalesonAlibaba’se-commerceplatformTmallexceeded372.3billionyuan(56.29billionU.S.dollars)betweenNov.1and12:30a.m.onNov.11.Attheshoppingpeak,583,000ordersweremadeinasinglesecondonTmall,settinganewonlineshoppingrecord.Morethan800millionshoppers,250,000brandsand5millionmerchantshaveparticipatedin2020Singles’Dayshoppingspree,accordingtoTmall.

SomeAmericaninvestorshavealreadybeguntodoubtifthefestivalwouldcomeattheexpenseoflowspendingpowerofChineseconsumersduringtherestoftheyear,whileotherinvestorsseemedtobemuchmoreworriedifAlibabawassellingfakeproductstoconsumers.Ananalystfurtherexplainedthat:“ThemajorreasonwhyinvestorsbegintocastdoubtontheeffectofSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalisthattheyworriedthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.”

Indeed,thelarge-scalediscountactivitiesonSingles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumers’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.

ThefounderofanothermajorChineseonlineretailingplatformoncestatedtothemedia,saying,“Ithasalreadybecomeacommonpracticeforbusinessownerstoplacefakeordersononlineretailingplatforms,sinceboththeseplatformsandconsumersarewillingtorankabrandbasedonitssales.”

“Sincesomeonlineretailingplatformswouldlowerthepriceagreatdealtocompetewithotherplatformsinthepricebattle,wewouldevenbuybacktheproductsweprovidedtotheseplatformswithalowerpriceandthensoldthemwitharegularpriceontraditionalsaleschannels,”aseniorsalespersonnelofatraditionalbrandoncesuggested,“Wearealmostforcedtoplacefakeorderssincemanyconsumersprefertobuyproductswithhighersales.”

Nevertheless,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.Foronething,theyhadtospendmuchmoneyinplacingfakeordersandpromotingthemselves;foranother,theyhadtolowerthepricealotandmakeprofitmerelybylargesales,whichcouldbehighlyriskywhenthehighreturnratesistakenintoconsideration.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)WhycannotwebetotallyoptimisticabouttheenormouslyhugesalesvolumeofAlibaba’sSingles’Dayshoppingfestival?(10points)

2)HowdoestheSingles’Dayshoppingspreeinfluenceconsumersandbusinessowners?(10points)

【答案】1)Therearetworeasonscanbelisted.ThefirstoneisthatSingles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.Thesecondreasonisthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.

2)Singles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumer’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.Atthesametime,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.

3.翻译题

TranslatetilefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish

历代的智慧，几个世纪以来人类一直籍以为乐的故事，所有这些都可以从书中方便而又便宜的获得。但是我必须懂得如何利用这份宝藏，懂得如何才能使它对我们最为有益。世界上最为不幸的人，也就是那些从未体验过读好书之乐趣的人吧。

我对人最为感兴趣，喜欢结识他们，喜欢了解他们。我认识的一些非凡之人，首先存在于作者的想象之中，然后表现在作品的字里行间，最后在我的想象中重新显现。我在书中找到了新的朋友，新的社会，还有新的语言。

把你的一部分空闲时光用来培养阅读好书的爱好吧。爱读书的人从好书中不但得到乐趣，他们从中获得的那种精神粮食，从其它地方是很难得到的。尽管他们未必有意识地想到读书是为了提高才智。在不知不觉中，他们从书中吸取的知识积累起来，经过想象力的加工，对将来大有用处。

【答案】Allthewisdomoftheages,allthestoriesthatdelightedmankindforcenturies,areeasilyandcheaplyavailabletoallofuswithinthecoversofbooks.Butwemustknowhowtoavailourselvesofthistreasureandhowtogetthemostvaluefromit.Themostunfortunatepeopleintheworldarethosewhohaveneverexperiencedthejoyofreadingagoodbook.

Iammostinterestedinpeople,inmeetingthemandfindingoutaboutthem.SomeoftheremarkablepeopleI’vemetexistedonlyinwriter’simagination,thenonthepagesofhisbook,andthenagain,inmyimagination.Ihavefoundnewfriends,newsocietyandnewwordsinbooks.

Devotesomeofyourleisuretocultivatingaloveofreadinggoodbooks.Fromgoodbooks,moreover,theydrawmuchbesidesentertainment.Theygainmentalfoodsuchasfewcompanionscansupply,albeittheymaynotbedeliberatelyreadingtoimprovetheirmind.Allunconsciouslytheideastheyderivefromtheprintedpagedarestoredup,tobeworkedoverbytheimaginationforfutureprofit.

4.填空题

Itdoesn’tmatterwhichroomafamilychoosestogatherin.Itcouldbeafavoritecomerofthekitchen,orawoodpaneledden.Whatdoes（

）isthattheychoosetobetogether.Foritisthesupport,thestrength,thebondsandtraditionsofthefamilythatgiveuswhatweallneedmostinlife.Allthesecanbefoundinagoodhome.Homeisthestagewherethedramaoflifeisplayed,theclassroomwherechildrenlearnright

（

）wrong,andtheplacewhereold-fashionedidealslikecourageandhonesty,respect

（

）

oneselfandothersarepassed

（

）

fromonegenerationtothe

（

）

.

Weareconcerned

（

）

theerosionofthesevaluesthatshouldbetaughtathome.Weseethegrowingproblemsofsociety—brokenhomes,crime,drugs,andjuveniledelinquency—andareshockedbythetraumatheyinflict

（

）

families,especiallychildren.Ourover-burdenedschoolscannolonger

（

）

theseproblemsconfrontingoursociety.Thereisonlyoneplacewherewecanregainthevaluesandintegritythatwill

（

）

theseills.Wemustturn

（

）

thehome—ourpieceoftheworld—theplacewhereitallbegins.

【答案】考查上下文语义。由前面的“Itdoesn’tmatterwhichroomafamilychoosestogatherin.”一个家庭选择哪一个房间并不重要，可知填matter，此句意为：重要的是他们选择在一起。

试题答案：matter

考查介词搭配。from意为“（表示来源）来自……”，learnrightfromwrong意为“明白是非”。

试题答案：from

考查介词搭配。respectfor意为“尊敬，尊重”。

试题答案：for

考查固定搭配。passdown意为“传下来，传承”。

试题答案：down

考查上下文语义。fromonegenerationtothenext意为“从一代到下一代”。

试题答案：next

考查介词搭配。beconcernedaboutsth.意为“关心某事”。

试题答案：about

考查介词搭配。inflicton意为“使……受痛苦”

试题答案：on

考查上下文语义。solveproblems意为“解决问题”。

试题答案：solve

考查上下文语义。curetheseills意为“治疗这些疾病”。此句意为：只有在一个地方，我们才能重获价值和诚信，才能治愈这些弊病。

试题答案：cure

考查介词搭配。turnto意为“转向”

试题答案：to

5.问答题

Wearewithoutchoicesinmanyaspects,butwedochoosehowweshalllive;

(A)courageouslyorincowardice,(B)honorablyorinhonorably,withpurposeorindrift.Wedecide(C)whatisimportantandwhatistrivialinlife.Andaswedecideandchoose(D)soareourlivesformed.Intheend,formingourowndestinyiswhatambitionisabout.

【答案】B；改成honorablyordishonorably。dishonorably灰溜溜的。

6.问答题

LessonsfromthePandemicThatWasn’tTheswineflupandemicdidn’tturn（1）tobethescourgeinternationalhealthagenciespredicted.OnJan.29theWorldHealthOrganizationdeclaredthateventhoughtheH1N1virusisstillspreadinginpartsofEurope,Africa,andAsia,thenumberofconfirmedcasesworldwideisdeclining.About14,000deathsfromswinefluhavebeenreported.That’satragicloss,butit'sasmallnumberconsideringthattherun-of-the-millseasonalflukillsupto500,000peopleeachyear,accordingtotheWHO.

Sowhathavehealthauthorities,scientists,andvaccinemakerslearnedfromtheglobalcatastrophethatwasn’t?Thatviraloutbreaksofthissortareevenlesspredictablethanscientiststhoughtandthatthedefenses（2）

placetodaywouldhavebeenutterlyinadequateagainstamorevirulentstrain.“TheoverwhelmingexpressionofHINIwasmild,”saysGregoryHartl,aspokesmanfortheWHOinGeneva,“Nowaprocesshasbeenestablishedtohelpuslearn.”

Thefirstpriority,manyexpertssay,isoverhaulingtheantiquatedvaccineproductionsystem.Thecurrenttechnology,whichinvolvesgrowingfluvaccinesineggs,issocumbersomethatdrugmakershavetostartinFebruarytoensurethey'llhaveenoughforthefollowingfall.H1N1didn’temergeuntilApril2009,forcingtheCentersforDiseaseControl(CDC)anddrugcompaniestoscramble.Therewastoolittleofthevaccinewhentheviruswaspeaking,andtoomuchwhenitstartedtowane.“We’reverylimited

（3）

thiseggtechnology,andwehavebeenworkingontheissuesince2006,”saysDr.StephenC.Redd,directoroftheCDC’sinfluenzacoordinationunit.

Companiesanduniversitiesareracingtoupgradetheapproach.BaxterInternationalforexample,testedanewcell-culturetechniqueandwasabletobeginproducingvaccineinjust12weeks,onceithadthevirusspecificationsfromtheCDC.BaxtersoldsomeofthevaccineinEuropeandisworkingtogetitstechnologyapprovedforuseintheU.S.similarly,TexasA&MUniversitySystemisbreakinggroundonamanufacturingresearchplantthatwillhouseseveraldifferentvaccine-makingtechnologies—anyofwhichcouldbestartedupontheflyandadapted（4）

whateverpathogencomesalong.

Manufacturingisjustonebottleneck.Whentheswinefluvaccinefinallybecameavailablelastfall,somedoctorshadnocluehowmuchtheywouldgetorwhenitwouldarrive—ifever.Manystatesopted

（

5）mass-vaccinationclinics,thenfailedtomovehigh-riskgroupssuchaspregnantwomenandhealthworkerstotheheadoftheline.JeanneS.Ringel,asenioreconomistfortheRANDCorporationwhostudiespandemics,wassurprisedbythepoorpreparationatthevaccinationclinicnearherLosAngeleshome.Eventhoughclinicsweresupposedtofocus

（6）

prioritypatients,“theydidn’tturnanyoneaway,”shesays.

McKesson,whichworkedwiththeCDCtogettheH1N1vaccinetoclinics,hadjusteightweekstobuildanewdistributionnetwork,saysJeffReinke,avicepresidentatthecompany.OrderscamefromstatesthroughtheCDCandthentoMcKessen—aprocessthecompanyrealizedwastooslow.McKessentighteneditspackagingandshippingtimelines.Inanemail,ReinkesaidhewelcomestheCDC’sinputoncontinuingtoimprovetheprocess.

Flawedcommunicationsalsostymiedvaccinationefforts.Manypeople（7）

highriskwereafraidtogettheH1N1vaccinebecausetheythoughtitwasunproven.Inreality,itwasmanufacturedjustliketheseasonalfluvaccineandtestedenoughtoreassuretheFoodandDrugAdministrationthatitwassafe.Respondingtomisconceptions,theAmericanMedicalAssn,launchedaneducationalWebsiteandAMAmembershoppedonYouTube,Facebook,andTwittertoreassurethepublic.Nexttime,consumeroutreachneedstostartearlierandbemoreaggressive,perhapsincludingTVads,saysMaryAnneMcCaflree,anOklahomaCitypediatricianandAMAboardmembers.“Thebottomlineis,wecame,wesaw,butI’mnotsureweconquered,”McCafifreesays.

SomemisusecamefromtheWHO.Itinitiallyassumedeachpatientwouldneedtwoshotstogetprotection.Onedoseprovedadequateforadults,whichmeantthatmostEuropeancountrieshadenoughvaccine（8）

handtoimmunizealltheirresidents.Butbecauseofconfusionandpublicapathy,thosecountriesendedupprotectingnomorethan10%oftheirpopulations.

Asforvaccinemakers,MorganStanleyanalystsinitiallypredictedthethreelargest—Novartis.Sanofi-Aventis,andGlaxoSmithKline—wouldsellacombined$5.3billionofvaccineduringthesixmonthsendingMarch31.InaDecemberreport,theysaidactualsalesmaybeasmuchas15%lower.FrancehascutbackitsorderstoNovartisandSanofi.AndonJan.26,Novartis'vaccinechief,AndrinOswald,said2010salesofH1N1vaccinewouldbelessthanhalfofthe$1billiontheshotgeneratedin2009.

Evenwithinfectionratedropping,manyfluexpertsareconcernedaboutsomefacetsofswineflu.Whilemortalityislow,childrenmake

（9）manyofthevictims.Andeventhoughnextyear’sseasonalfluvaccinewilllikelyincludeprotectionagainstswineflu,virulentnewstrainscouldemerge.

Asscientistspuzzleoverepidemiologicalquestions,theWHOhasbeenaccusedofunnecessarilyfanningpublicfears.OnecriticisWolfgangWodarg,adoctorandformerGermanparliamentarianwhoisontheCouncilofEurope,anorganizationinStrasbourg,France,thatpromoteshumanrights.DuringaJan.26councilmeeting,WodargaccusedtheWHOoffabricatingapandemicthatled

（10）

littlemorethanrevenuesforthepharmaceuticalindustry.Itwas,hesaidthroughatranslator,“dangerousnonsense.”

TheWHO’sDr.KeijiFukuda,whoalsospokeatthehearing,defendedtheagency'sresponse.FlupoliciesandresponsesrecommendedbyWHO“werenotimproperlyinfluencedbythepharmaceuticalindustry,”hesaidinastatement.But,headded,“thereismuchtolearnabouthowtheworldcanimproveitshandlingofsuchevents.”

Fillineachblankinthearticlewithanappropriatepreposition(介词).

Readthearticlecarefullyandexplainthemeaningofthewords/phrasesaccordingtothecontext.

run-of-the-mill(inparagraph1)

overhauling(inparagraph3)breakingground(inparagraph4)

pediatrician(inparagraph7)

fabricating(inparagraph11)

WhyistheWorldHealthOrganizationblamedinthearticle?Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheblame?

【答案】1.考查介词搭配。本句意为：猪流感瘟疫没有变成国际卫生机构所预测的灾难。turnout意为“结果是，证明是”

试题答案：out

2.考查介词搭配。inplace意为“准备就绪，就位”。

试题答案：in

3.考查介词搭配。belimitedin意为“受限制”，指在某方面能力有限，根据空格后面的technology，可知此处是表示受技术的限制。

试题答案：in

4.考查介词搭配。adaptfor意为“使适应，使适合(新用途，新情况）”。此处破折号后表示其中任何一种都可以立即启动，并适应于任何病原体的出现。

试题答案：for

5.考查介词搭配。optfor意为“选择”。此句意为：许多州选择了大规模疫苗接种诊所，但未能将孕妇和卫生工作者等高危群体转移到一线。

试题答案：for

6.focuson意为“致力于，使聚焦于”。

试题答案：on

7.考查介词搭配。inhighrisk意为“处于高风险的”

试题答案：in

8.考查介词搭配。inhand意为“在手头，在手边”，指手中掌握的事物，随时可用。

试题答案：in

9.考查介词搭配。makeup意为“组成，构成，占”。此句意为：虽然死亡率较低，但许多受

害者由儿童构成。

试题答案：up

10.考查介词搭配。leadto意为“导致，引起”，lead的过去式为led。

试题答案：to

run-of-the-mill(inparagraph1)

试题答案：普通的

overhauling(inparagraph3)

试题答案：彻底改革

breakingground(inparagraph4)

试题答案：创办，开拓

pediatrician(inparagraph7)

试题答案：儿科医师

fabricating(inparagraph11)

试题答案：编造，捏造

第一问由题干中的关键字blamed可定位到文章倒数第二段第一句中“theWHOhasbeenaccusedofunnecessarilyfanningpublicfears”可知第一问答案。第二问为观点态度题，由文章最后一段的内容可知作者对世界卫生组织采取的措施是赞成的，故对其职责是不赞成的。

试题答案：

BecausetheWHOunnecessarilyfannedpublicfears.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheblameisdisapproving.

7.单选题

Greece,economically,isintheblack.Withverylittletoexportotherthansuchfarmproductsastobacco,cottonandfruit,thecountryearnsenoughfrom“invisibleearnings”topayforitsneeded,growingimports.FromthesendingoutofthingstheGreeks,earnonly$285million;fromtourism,shippingandtheremittancesofGreeksabroad,thecountrytakesinanadditional$375millionandthiswashesoutthealmost$400millionbywhichimportsexceedexports.

Ithasabalancedbudget.Althoughmorethanonedrachma（古希腊银币）outoffourgoesfordefense,thegovernmentendedarecentyearwithaslightsurplus-$66million.Greecehasadecentonethirdofabilliondollarsingoldandforeignexchange.Ithasagovernmentnotdependentoncoalescing（接合）incompatiblepartiestoobtainparliamentarymajorities.

Inthussummarizingafewhappyhighlights,Idon’tmeantominimizethevastextentofGreece’sproblems.ItisthepoorestcountrybyawidemargininFreeEurope,andpovertyiswidespread.Atbestanannualincomeof$60to$70isthelotofmanyapeasant,andsubstantialunemploymentplaguesthecountryside,cities,andtownsofGreece.Therearefewnaturalresourcesonwhichtobuildanysubstantialindustrialbase.SomeyearsagoIwrotehere:“GreekstatesmanshipwillhavetocreateanatmosphereinwhichhomeandforeignsavingswillwillinglyseekinvestmentopportunitiesinthebackwardeconomyofGreece.Sofar,mostAmericanandotherforeignattempthaveboggeddownintheGreekgovernment’sredtapeandshrewdnessaboutsmallpoints.”

Greatstrideshavebeenmade.Asfarbackas1956,expandingtourismseemedalogicalwaytobringneededforeigncurrenciesandadditionaljobstoGreece.AtthattimeItalkedwiththeHiltonHotelpeople,whohadbeenexamininghotelpossibilities,andtotheGreekgovernmentdivisionresponsibleforthisareaoftheeconomy.Theywerehopelesslydeadlockedinalmosttotaldifferencesofopinionandoutlook.

Todaymostoftheincrediblyvaried,beautiful,historicalsightsofGreecehavenew,ifinmanycasesmodest,touristfacilities.Tourismitselfhasjumpedfromapproximately$31milliontoover$90million.ThereisbothamagnificentnewHiltonHotelinAthensandacompletelymodernized,greatlyexpandedGrandeBretagne,aswellasotherfirst-ratenewhotels.AndtheadventofjetshasmadeAthensasaccessibleasParisorRome—withoutthesky-highpricesoftraffic-chokedstreetsofeither.

1.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Manypeasantsearnlessthan

（

）.

3.TheGreekGovernmentspends

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,Greecehas

（

）.

5.Greeceimportsannuallygoodsandmaterials（

）.

问题1选项

A.Greekincomeandexpenditures

B.TheimprovingeconomicsituationinGreece

C.Thevalueoftourism

D.Militaryexpenditures

问题2选项

A.$60aweek

B.$2aweek

C.$1aday

D.$10amonth

问题3选项

A.morethan25%ofitsbudgetonmilitaryterms

B.Morethanitscollects

C.Athirdofabilliondollarsingold

D.Lessthan25%ofitsbudgetonmilitaryterms

问题4选项

A.adictatorship

B.amonarchy

C.asinglemajorityparty

D.toomuchredtape

问题5选项

A.totalingalmost$700million

B.thatbalanceexports

C.thatarepaidbytourists

D.costing$66million

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。文章首先指出了希腊经济的不景气，人均收入低，失业严重，然而随着旅游业的发展，情况有了很大的转变，经济明显增长，因此B选项“希腊经济形势的改善”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第三段中“Atbestanannualincomeof$60to$70isthelotofmanya

peasant”可知许多农民的收入处于60-70美元一年，计算下来与每周少于2美元最接近，因此选B。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中“Althoughmorethanonedrachma（古希腊银币）outoffourgoesfordefense”可知超过四分之一的钱用于军事方面，因此选A。

4.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Ithasagovernmentnotdependentoncoalescingincompatiblepartiestoobtainparliamentarymajorities.”政府不依靠不相容的政党之间的合作来获得议会的多数席位，可知希腊是单一大党，因此选C

5.推理判断题。根据第一段中“FromthesendingoutofthingstheGreeks,earnonly$285million;fromtourism,shippingandtheremittancesofGreeksabroad,thecountrytakesinanadditional$375millionandthiswashesoutthealmost$400millionbywhichimportsexceedexports.”可知希腊出口额为2.85亿美元，进口额超过出口额4亿美元，那么希腊的出口额为6.7亿美元，接近7亿美元，因此选A。

8.问答题

Thenewconflictismoredangerousthanthetraditionalonebetweenmanandhisfellowman,(A)wherethe(B)protagonistsatleastsharedacommonlanguage,but(C)whileitcomestothereactionsoftheecosystemstothe(D)onslaughtofmoderntechnology,thereisnocommonlanguage.

【答案】C；“while”改为“when”。

【解析】考查从句引导词。句意：这种新的冲突比传统的人与人之间的冲突更危险，在传统的冲突中，主人公们至少有一种共同的语言，但在当涉及到生态系统对现代技术冲击的反应时，却没有共同的语言。句中的“while”引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，而“while”引导的时间状语从句中谓语部分需为延续性动词，为进行时态，“when”引导的时间状语从句既可以用延续性动词也可以用短暂性动词，既可以用一般时态也可以用进行时态，所以将“while”改为“when”。

9.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

有些人把读书当作疲劳工作中的一种休息，并不是读一本书就预先想定读它要派何种用场，即“不为什么而读”。但日积月累，确实可以长知识、广见闻、有效益。

经过长期积累目前中国己成为全球第二大经济体和全球第一贸易大囯、全球第一外汇储备国，具备了对外输出资本的实力。

【答案】Somepeopleregardreadingasakindofrestduringtiringwork，andtheyhavenoideaofpracticaluseforthebookstheyaretoread,i.e.they“readfornopurpose”atall.Butgraduallyonecanbenefitfromreading,expandingtheirknowledge.

Chinahasbecomethesecondlargesteconomy,thefirsttradingpoweraswellasthe

firstforeignexchangereservesintheworldandhadthestrengthofoutputtingcapitalexternalafteralongterm’saccumulation.

10.单选题

ThewordeuthanasiaisofGreekoriginandliterallymeans“agooddeath."TheAmericanHeritageDictionarydefinesitas"theactofkillingapersonpainlesslyforreasonsofmercy."Suchkillingcanbedonethroughactivemeans,suchasadministeringalethalinjection,orbypassivemeans,suchaswithholdingmedicalcareorfoodandwater.

InrecentyearsintheUnitedStates,therehavebeennumerouscasesofactiveeuthanasiainthenews.Theyusuallyinvolvethedeliberatekillingofillorincapacitatedpersonsbyrelativesorfriendswhopleadthattheycannolongerbeartoseetheirlovedonessuffer.Althoughsuchkillingsareacrime,theperpetratorsareoftendealtwithlenientlybyourlegalsystem,andthemediausuallyportraysthemascompassionateheroeswhotakepersonalriskstosaveanotherfromunbearablesuffering.

Theseemingacceptanceofactiveformsofeuthanasiaisalarming,butwefaceabigger,moreinsidiousthreatfrompassiveformsofeuthanasia.Everyyear,inhospitalsandnursinghomesaroundthecountry,therearegrowingnumbersofdocumenteddeathscausedbycaregiverswithholdinglifesustainingcare,includingfoodandwater,fromvulnerablepatientswhocannotspeakforthemselves.

Whileitisillegaltokillsomeonedirectly,forexamplewithagunorknife,inmanycasesthelawhasputitsstampofapprovaloncausingdeathbyomittingneededcare.Further,manystateshave“livingwill"lawsdesignedtoprotectthosewhowithholdtreatment,andtherehavebeennumerouscourtrulingswhichhaveapprovedofpatientsbeingdeniedcareandevenstarvedanddehydratedtodeath.

Becausesuchdeathsoccurquietlywithintheconfinesofhospitalsandnursinghomes,theycanbekepthiddenfromthepublic.Mosteuthanasiavictimsareoldorveryill,sotheirdeathsmightbeattributedtoacauseotherthanthedenialofcarethatreallykilledthem.Further,itisoftenrelativesofthepatientwhorequestthatcarebewithheld.Inonecourtcase,thecourtheldthatdecisionstowithholdlife-sustainingcaremaybemadenotonlybyclosefamilymembersbutalsobyanumberofthirdparties,andthatsuchdecisionsneednotbereviewedbythejudicialsystemifthereisnodisagreementbetweendecisionmakersandmedicalstaff.Thecourtwentsofarastorulethatanursinghomemaynotrefusetoparticipateinthefatalwithdrawaloffoodandwaterfromanincompetentpatient!

"Extraordinary"or“heroic"treatmentneednotbeusedwhenthechanceforrecoveryispoorandmedicalinterventionwouldserveonlytoprolongthedyingprocess.Buttodenycustomaryandreasonablecareortodeliberatelystarveordehydratesomeonebecauseheorsheisveryoldorveryillshouldnotbepermitted.Mostofthecasescomingbeforethecourtsdonotinvolvewithholdingheroicmeasuresfromimminentlydyingpeople,butrathertheyseekapprovalfordenyingbasiccare,suchasadministrationoffoodandwater,topeoplewhoarenotelderlyorterminallyill,butwhoarepermanentlyincapacitated.Thesepeoplecouldbeexpectedtoliveindefinitely,thoughinanimpairedstate,iftheyweregivenfoodandwaterandminimaltreatment.

Noonehastherighttojudgethatanother'slifeisnotworthliving.Thebasicrighttolifeshouldnotbeabridgedbecausesomeonedecidesthatsomeoneelse'squalityoflifeistoolow.Ifwebasetherighttolifeonqualityoflifestandards,thereisnologicalplacetodrawtheline.

Toprotectvulnerablepatients,wemustfostermorepositiveattitudestowardspeoplewithseriousandincapacitatingillnessesandconditions.Despitetheravagesoftheirdiseases,theyarestillourfellowhumanbeingsanddeserveourcareandrespect.Wemustalsoenactpositivelegislationthatwillprotectvulnerablepeoplefromthosewhoconsidertheirlivesmeaninglessortoocostlytomaintainandwhowouldcausetheirdeathsbywithholdinglife-sustainingcaresuchasfoodandwater.

1.Thetoneoftheauthorcanbestbedescribedas（

）.

2.Inparagraph3,theauthorfindsstarvationanddehydrationinducedeuthanasiaistobe"moreinsidious"because

（

）.

3.Asusedinparagraph3,whatisthebestsynonymforinsidious?

4.Theauthormaintainsthatdeathbywithholdingcareis

（

）.

5.Asusedinparagraph7,whichisthebestdefinitionofabridged?

6.Themainideaofparagraph7isthat

（

）.

7.Inthefinalparagraphtheauthorwrites,"Despitetheravagesoftheirdiseases,theyarestill

ourfellowhumanbeingsanddeserveourcareandrespect."Themainpurposeofthisstatementisto（

）.

问题1选项

A.pleading

B.argumentative

C.compassionate

D.emphatic

E.m