2022届高考英语语法精讲精练微专题过去分词【含答案】

2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（过去分词）考点清单一：过去分词作状语要点精讲1：过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语,用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，表示与句子主语之间的被动关系。例1：Clearlyandthoughtfullywritten,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.例2：Pressedfromhisparents,andrealizingthathehaslittletimeleft,theboyisdeterminedtofocusonhisproject.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(encourage)bythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.2._____________(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthiswalletathome.【答案与解析】1.Encouraged。encourage和句子主语之间构成被动关系，且已经发生。故答案是Encouraged。2.Havingwaited。wait和句子主语之间构成主动关系，且已经发生。故答案是Havingwaited。要点：2.“be+过去分词+介词”结构，可以用作谓语、主语或状语。如beabsorbed/dressed/trapped/occupiedin,beequipped/loaded/burdenedwith,beaccustomed/devoted/committed/addictedtodoing。例3：Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,bathedinthemountainingoldenlight.例4：Absorbedinreading,Tomdidn’tevennoticehismomcomein.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。3.(trap)intheriverforfivehours,thethieflookedverypaleandexhausted.4.(trap)intheriverforfivehoursmakesthethieflooksverypaleandexhausted.5.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,helookedverypaleandexhausted.6.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,sohelookedpaleandexhausted.【答案与解析】3.Havingbeentrapped/trapped。betrappedin表示“被困在……”，既是被动又已经发生。故答案是Havingbeentrapped/trapped。4.Beingtrapped。故答案是Beingtrapped。结合语境应用动名词短语作主语，又是被动含义。5.havingbeentrapped/trapped。故答案是havingbeentrapped/trapped。前半句构成独立主格结构。6.hadbeentrapped。故答案是hadbeentrapped。so连接并列句，前半句缺少谓语动词，需要被动语态。要点精讲2：用于“连词+过去分词”结构，构成状语从句省略句式，表示从句谓语与句子主语之间的被动关系。例5：Oncemarried,Joedevotedherlifetobeingafull-timehomemaker.

例6：Therearesomehealthproblemsthat,whennottreatedintime,canbecomebiggeroneslateron.例7：Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。7.Nomatterhowfrequently(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.8.When____________(compare)cultures,weoftenfocusonthedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.【答案与解析】7.performed。原句可以还原为Nomatterhowfrequentlytheyareperformed。故答案是paring。从句谓语动词compare与句子主语之间构成逻辑上主动关系，故答案是comparing。考点清单二:过去分词作宾语补足语要点精讲1：过去分词作补足语，逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语,用作观感使役类动词的宾补，如see,watch,hear,notice,have,make,leave,keep,find。例8：Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcarwashed.例9：Shecouldn'tmakeherselfheardbecauseofthetrafficnoise.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。9.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee(carry)outthenextyear.10.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings(go/steal/miss/go/lose)11.Theprogramwassoexcitingthatthechildrenkepttheireyes(fix)onthescreen【答案与解析】9.carried。定语从句含有seesthdone句型。故答案是carried。10.gone/stolen/missing/lost。begone/stolen/missing/lost是固定词组，故答案是gone/stolen/missing/lost。11.fixed。fixone’seyesonsth表示“眼睛注视着”，结合语境应用被动形式。故答案是fixed。要点精讲2：用于“with+名词/代词+过去分词”结构作宾补；省略with则转化为“名词/代词+过去分词”构成的独立主格结构。例10：Withallthemoneyusedup,themanhadtomakealivingbybegging.例11：Muchtimespentsittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。12.He

rushed

into

the

room,

withhis

face

(cover)

with

sweat.13.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons______________(finish)fortheday.14.Withthedifficultproblem_________(settle),hethrewhimselfinthesofainrelief.【答案与解析】12.covered。becoveredwith表示“被……覆盖”；宾语face和cover之间构成被动关系。故答案是covered。13.finished。theirlessonsfinished是独立主格结构，二者逻辑上是被动关系。故答案是finished。14.settled。withsthdone强调二者之间被动关系。故答案是settled。考点清单三:过去分词作定语要点精讲2：过去分词作定语,逻辑主语是被修饰的名词或代词.单个分词常作前置定语，分词短语多作后置定语；过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已发生的动作。例12：Theweddingceremonytookplaceinabrightlydecoratedhotelroom.例13：Anumberofroadshaveblockedbyfallentreesbecauseoftheheavyrain.例14：ManywordsassociatedwithlifeintheWestarenish.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。15.Fromthedates(mark)onthegoldcoin,wedecideditwasmadefivehundredyearsago.16.Canthose/(sit/seat)atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?【答案与解析】15.marked。日期是被印在硬币上，故用过去分词短语作定语。故答案是marked。16.sitting/seated。空格需要分词作定语，sit是不及物动词，beseated表示“坐好”。故答案是sitting/seated。考点清单四:过去分词作表语要点精讲：过去分词作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，常位于be动词或remain,sound,feel等系动词之后；“get+过去分词”结构也是被动语态。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。例15：Thoughhewasanewman,hegotaccustomedtothewayoflifehereverysoon.例16：Tomsoundsveryinterestedinthejob,butI'mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。17.Thestorywasso(move)thatallofuswere(move)totears．18.Pleaseremain(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.19.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetoget(change)beforetheparty.【答案与解析】17.moving;moved。现在分词演化成形容词，表示“令人……”，过去分词演化成形容词，多表示“感到……”。故答案是moving;moved。18.seated。remainseated相当于beseated。故答案是seated。19.changed。getchanged也是被动语态结构，类似地，getcaught,getburnt,getpaid等。故答案是changed。考点清单五：过去分词用于谚语、插入语例17：Comparedwithtraditionaleducation,onlineeducationhasmanyadvantages.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。20.Unitedwestand;(divide)wefall.21.Well(begin),halfdone.22.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan(keep).【答案与解析】20.divided。句意：合则立，分则亡。前后对仗，互为提示。故答案是divided。21.begun。句意：良好开端是成功一半。故答案是begun。22.kept。句意：友情就像金钱，获得容易维持难。故答案是kept。好题再练（一）高考真题试卷用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(全国乙)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome________(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.2.(新高考全国)Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus(astonish).3.(全国II)Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.4.(江苏改编)Technologicalinnovations,____________(combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.5.(天津改编)___________(complete)in1931,theEmpireStateBuilding,thehighestskyscraperuntil1954,inspiredtheimaginationoftheworld.6.(全国III)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel________(challenge).7.(北京改编)Ordinarysoap,_________(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.8.(天津改编)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs___________(take).9.(浙江)Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot________(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden.10.(北京改编)Jimhasretired,buthestillrememberthehappytime___________(spend)bined5.C6.challenged6.challenged7.used8.taken9.swept10.spent好题再练（二）模拟试题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。12.Withthegovernment’said,those_________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.13.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_______(remind)ofhisowndreams.14.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyload(take)offmymind.15.Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtooth(examine)?16._______(face)withsomuchtrouble,Chinahassucceededcontrollingthespreadofcovid-19.17.Thepolicerecommendedthatthe(injure)intheaccident(take)tothehospital.18.Unless_____________(invite)tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.19._______(locate)inthecenterofthecity,theparkisagoodplaceforarestatweekends.20.Whenhecamebacktolife，hefoundhimselflyingonthefloor,withhishands__________(tie)erested12.affected13.reminded14.taken15.examined16.faced17.injured;shouldbetaken18.invited19.located20.tied好题再练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21.(全国I)Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.22.Withtheboyledtheway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.23.Concerningaboutherson’sfutu