Lecture 6 Determiners华中农业大学英语语法公开课一等奖省优质课大赛获奖课件

1Chapter6

Determiners

DeterminersIntroduction:Wordsthatprecedeanypremodifyingadjectivesinanounphraseanddenotesuchreferentialmeaningsasspecificreference,genericreference,definitequantityorindefinitequantityarereferredasdeterminers.

definitearticle—thearticlesindefinitearticle—a/anzeroarticlepossessivedeterminers—my,your,his,etcgenitivenouns—John’s,myfriend’sdemonstrativedeterminers—this,that,these,thoserelativedeterminers—whose,which

Determinersinclude:

interrogativedeterminers—what,which,whoseindefinitedeterminers—every,enough,nosome,any,eachcardinalnumeralsordinalnumerals

fractional&multiplicativenumeralsotherquantifiers-alotof,agreatdealof,alargeamountof,agreatnumberof,etc.1Collocationsbetweendeterminersandnouns2Collocationsbetweendeterminers3AcomparativestudyofsomedeterminerusageDeterminers

Pre-test1.Dotheyhave___air-conditionersforcoolingtheroominsummer?A.manyaB.enoughC.agreatdealofD.abitof2.Thereis__ironinthisminethaninthatone.A.muchB.agreatdealofC.lessD.alotof3.____workhadtobedonebeforetheplantgoesintooperation.A.MuchB.DoubleC.AnumberofD.Neither4.Themodelworkerhad___thoughtofhisowninterests.A.thelastB.lessC.theleastD.anotherCollocationsbetweendeterminersandnounsThechoiceofdeterminersiscloselyrelatedtothethreeclassofnouns:singularcountnounspluralcountnounsnoncountnounsthe,some,any,no,other,whose,my,your,etc.e.g.thecar,thecars,themoneysome/anybook,some/anybooks,some/anymoneynobook,nobooks,nomoneytheotherbook,theotherbooks,theothermoneyetc.

1.Determinerswithallthreeclassesofnouns2.Determinerswithsingularcountnounsonlya(n),one,another,each,every,either,neither,manya,sucha,etc.onestudent,anotherfilm,eachstudent,everymember,eitherbook,neitherboy3.Determinerswithpluralcountnounsonlyboth,two,three,etc.anothertwo/anotherthree,many,(a)few,several,these,those,a(great)numberof,etc.bothworkers,afewwordsseveralgirls,thesetouristsTherearefewthingsIenjoymorethanwatchingfishswimminginthestream.4.Determinerswithnoncountnounsonlya(little)bitof,agreatamountof,agreatdealof,(a)little,much,less,(the)least,etc.muchnoise(a)littlecourageabitoffun,lessoil,(the)leastoilthefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenext,etc.thefirstrose/rosesthenextmeeting/meetings5.Determinerswithsingularandpluralcountnounsonly6.Determinerswithsingularandnoncountnounsonlythis,that,etc.this/thatjobthis/thatworkDeterminerswithplural

andnoncountnounsonlyalotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,most,such,other,etc.enoughcopiesenoughbreadmoreessaysmoretimemostpeoplemostworksuchmensuchbreadothermenotherbreadCollocationsbetweendeterminersandnounsDeterminerswithallthreeclassesofnounsthe,some,any,

no,other,whose,my,n’s,etc.Determinerswithsingularcountnounsonlya(n),one,another,

each,every,either,neither,manya,sucha,etcDeterminerswithpluralcountnounsonlyboth,two,three,etc.

anothertwo/

anotherthree,many,(a)few,several,these,those,a(great)numberof,etcCollocationsbetweendeterminersandnounsDeterminerswithnoncountnounsonlya(little)bitof,agreatamountof,agreatdealof,(a)little,much,less,(the)least,etcDeterminerswithsingularandpluralcountnounsonly

thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenextDeterminerswithsingularandnoncountnounsonlythis,thatDeterminerswithpluralandnoncountnounsonlyalotof,lotsof,plentyof,

enough,most,such,otherPre-test:these/all/few/days1.Theadditionalworkwilltake__weeks.A.the

otherB.another

fiveC.otherfiveD.the

more2.Hediditin____timeittookme.A.the

one-thirdB.half

a

C.the

doubleD.one-third

the3.Isaw___boysatthecinema.A.the

bothB.many

a

C.both

theD.the

several4.___candidatesaregirls.A.Half

theB.The

half

C.Their

halfD.Halfa5.Hewasonleave____days.A.the

few

lastB.fewanother

C.fewotherD.the

lastfewCollocationbetweendeterminers

centraldeterminerspredeterminerspostdeterminers

“predeterminers

+central+

postdeterminers”e.g.

All

thefour

studentsAll

these

last

fewdays2.WordorderofthreesubclassesofdeterminersPredeterminersCentraldeterminersPostdeterminers1）表示倍数关系数量形容词half，double,twice,threetimes,etc.2）分数one-third,two-thirds,etc.3）个体形容词all,both；4）其它what,such(a(n))1）articles；2）demonstratives(this,that,these,those)3）possessives(my,your,his,etc)4）genitives(John’s,etc)5）some,any,each,every,

either,neither,enough,no,

what,which,whose1）cardinalnumerals,Ordinalnumerals；2）普通序数词next,last,past,another,other；3）数量限定词few,little,many,much,several,such,etc.Exceptions:such,everyPredeterminer:sucha…,suchan…Postdeterminer:somesuch,anysuch,nosuch,fewsuch,onesuchsuchaman那样人Shehadsuchafrightthatshefainted.她吓得昏了过去。Don'tbeinsuchahurry.别这么急急忙忙。Heissuchaliar.他竟是这么一个说谎者。allsuchmen全部那一类人nosuchthing没有那种事情Onesuchdictionaryisenough.这么字典有一本就够了。every

Devid’s/Hiseveryactionshowsthatheisaverydeterminedyoungman.限定词使用规则：A.把all和both放在其它限定词之前。如：Thelittleboyateallthefood.Allsuchproblemsshouldbeconsidered.Bothmyhandswereseriouslyhurt.限定词使用规则：B.把many/much,more/most,few/little放在其它限定词之后。如：Hismanysuccessesmadehimfamous.John'sfewfriendsspeakhighlyofhim.Withthesurrenderoftheenemytroops,nomorefightingwasexpectedthere.限定词使用规则：C.感叹句中，把what和such放在a(n)之前。如：Whatalovelygirl!I'veneverseensuchacrowd!限定词使用规则（后位限定词)1）序数词/普通序数词+基数词thefirsttwoweeksduringthenext50years2）序数词/普通序数词+数量限定词duringthepastfewyearsAcomparativestudyofsomedeterminerusage1.many,much,alotof,lotsof,plentyof(deter.)many,agood/greatmany+pluraln.much,alargeamountof+

noncountn.Wehaveagreat___questionstodiscussatthemeeting.Wearegoingtospendalarge___ofmoneyonchildren’seducation.Acomparativestudyofsomedeterminerusagemany/much–nonassertive(informalstyle)Doyouhavemanyfriends?Hedidn’tmakemanymistakes.Wedon’thavemuchfreetime.Doyoutakemuchinterestinit?Alotof,lotsofandplentyofalotof,lotsofandplentyof+countnoun(pl.)/noncountnoun–assertivemany/much–nonassertiveHasshegotmanyfriendshere?-No,notmany.-Yes,shehasalotoffriendshere.Ihaven’tgotalotofpatiencewithhim!Acomparativestudyofsomedeterminerusagemany/much(pron.)Notmanyofuswillpasstheexamination.Manyofthemistakeswerejustcareless.Muchofthisinformationhasbeeninaccurate.Ihavemuchtotalkoverwithhim.Acomparativestudyofsomedeterminerusagehow/too/so/as…as+many,muchIhavetoomanybookstocarrybymyself.Hetooksomanyboxesthathehadtocallataxi.Youcantakeasmanycopiesasyouneed.Howmuchmoneyisneededfortheproject?You’vegivenmetoomuchfood.Somuchtimehasbeenwastedthatway.Theycanspendasmuchmoneyastheyneedontheproject.2.(a)few,(a)littleafew/alittle–positivefew/little–negativeafew=some,a(small)number/quitealotfew/little=notmany/much,notenough,hardlyany

few+countn.little/less/least+non-countn.quiteafew,agoodfew,notafew=afairnumberofQuiteafewofusaregettingworried.You’llhavetowaitagoodfewweeks.2.(a)few,(a)littleHistheoryisratherdifficultand__________studentscanunderstandit.A.onlyfewB.onlyafewC.onlylittleD.onlyalittle3.some,any–acertainnumberoramountsome–assertiveany–nonassertiveDidsomeofyousleeponthefloor?Inquestionswheretheanswer‘yes’isexpectedWouldyoulikesomewine?Couldyoudosometypingforme?Inoffersandrequests3.some,any–acertainnumberoramountany–nonassertiveIhavehardlyanysparetime.With“hardly,barely,scarcely”(whicharealmostnegatives)Hecrossedthefrontierwithoutanydifficulty.withoutany…=withno…Ifyouhaveanytrouble,pleaseletmeknow.Afterif/whetherandinexpressionsofdoubt3.some,any–acertainnumberoramountsome+singularN–‘anunspecifiedorunknown’‘acertain’any+singularN.–‘noparticularone’‘every’Someboyhasbrokenawindow.Hedoesn’tbelieveinconventionalmedicine;hehassomeremedyorotherofhisown.Ofthemanywaysofgettingtoprison,Soapythoughtthebestwastoeatabigmealatsomegoodrestaurantandthentoldthemanagerthathedidn’thavemoneytopay.Anychildcouldanswerthatquestion.Ifyouseeany(=an)interestingbook,pleasebuyitforme.4.All,both,every,each,either,neither,anyA.all+3/morethan3“全体”(thewholeofthreeormorethanthree)(指全部“人、物”)both+2(“不只一个,而且还有另一个”,指一起两件事物)Allthesegirlscanswim.(deter.)Notallfoodisgoodtoeat.HespentallthatyearinLondon.Allofthemvotedagainsttheplan.(pron.)Takeallofit.Heisblindinboth

eyes.(deter.)BothofmyparentsliveinLondon.(pron.)

4.All,both,every,each,either,neither,anyallthevs.thewholethewhole+n(sing.)Heatethewholeloaf(=alltheloaf)byhimself.

no(deter.)-not…anynone(pron.)-noone(negative)Thereisn’tanybread.Thereisnobread.There’snone.Therearen’tanysweets.Therearenosweets.Therearenone.NodepartmentstoresopenonSundays.Noneofthestudentsfailedtheexam.I’llhavenoneofyourstupidideas.Hehasnoneofhisbrother’sselfishness.Nooneintheclassfailedtheexam.4.All,both,every,each,either,neither,anyneither(negative)Neitherbookissatisfactory.(deter.)I’vereadneitherofthesebooks.(pron.)Neitherofmychildrenhasdonethat.Neitherof+DET.+N(pl.)+V(sing.)4.All,both,every,each,either,neither,any4.All,both,every,each,either,neither,anyB.each(determinerandpronoun)every(determiner)Each(man)knowswhattodo.Everymanknowswhattodo.Eachoftheboyshasagift.Everyoneoftheboyshasagift.

4.All,both,every,each,either,neither,anyB.each(determinerandpronoun)every(determiner)

every+3/morethan3“每个”

each+2/morethan2Eachsideofthestreetwascrowedwithpeople.Eachsexhasitsownphysicalandpsychologicalcharacteristics.Each/Everysideofthesquarewascrowdedwithpeople.

every-“awholegroup”each-“oneatatime”“anumberofpersonsorthingsconsideredindividually”Wewanteverychildtosucceed.Eachchildwillfindhisownwaytosuccess.4.All,both,every,each,either,neither,any

every-与数词搭配everytwodays