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ComparisonandContrast1aComparisonandContrast1aLectureFocusDefinitionsofComparisonandContrastBasicFeaturesSelectyourtopicsSetyourpurposeOrganizeyourideasDevelopcohesion&styleStepstoWriting:BrainstormingDraftingRevisingSuggestedActivities/Homework
2aLectureFocusDefinitionsofCoWhatYouShouldKnowComparison-contrastisacommonmethodofdevelopmentthatinvolvesfocusingonsimilaritiesanddifferences---ormorelikelyononeortheother---inordertomakeapoint.Whenawriteriscomparing,heispointingoutthesimilaritiesthatexistbetweensubjectsoritems(suchaspersons,things,orideas).Whenawriteriscontrasting,heispointingoutthedifferencesbetweensubjectsoritems,eventhetwodifferentaspectsofthesamesubject(e.g.,theadvantagesvs.thedisadvantagesofapersonalcomputer).3aWhatYouShouldKnow3aSelectyourtopicsActivity:Examinethefollowinggroupsoftopics.Pleasepickoutthegroupsthatyouthinkareappropriatefordiscussingsimilaritiesanddifferences,andexplainwhyyouthinktheyareappropriateforcomparison/contrast.buyingacarvs.leasingacarorangesandbananasShakespeareandLuXunamusicianandanarchitectmaleandfemaleattitudesaboutmarriage4aSelectyourtopics4aActivityBroadCategoriesNarrowed-downTopicstwobookstwoauthorstwoTVprogramstworestaurantstwoathletes5aActivityBroadCategoriesNarrowSetYourPurposeInformativecomparisons:toexplaindifferencesbetweensubjects.Thistypeofwritinggenerallydoesnotrecommendoneitemasbeingbetterthantheothers.Persuasivecomparisons:topersuadereadersthatonesubjectissuperiortoothers.6aSetYourPurposeInformativecoOrganizeyourideassubject-by-subjectpoint-by-point
7aOrganizeyourideassubject-bSubject-by-subjectorganizationSubjectA:
Point1Point2Point3Point4SubjectB:
Point1Point2Point3Point4
8aSubject-by-subjectorganizatioExample
ProfessorYang:
classroominstruction
homework
exam
grading
ProfessorWu:
classroominstruction
homework
examgrading9aExample9aPoint-by-pointorganization
Point1:
SubjectA
SubjectB
Point2:
SubjectA
SubjectB
Point3:
SubjectA
SubjectB
Point4:
SubjectA
SubjectB10aPoint-by-pointorganizationExample
Classroominstruction
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
Homework
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
Exam
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
Grading
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
11aExampleClassroominstructionStepstoWriting12aStepstoWriting12aActivity1:GroupDiscussionPleaseworkwithyourfellowstudentstofindouteverythingthatyouknowaboutKFCandMcDonald’s.Youmayusethefollowingcharttohelpyoufindouttheusefulinformation.Step1:Brainstorming13aActivity1:GroupDiscussionStKFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironment14aKFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceOthersuggestedtopicsDalianDepartmentStorevs.MACAL(VictoryPlaza)Hymallvs.Walmart(orCarrefour)Twobighotelsyou’veworkedfor15aOthersuggestedtopicsDalianActivity2:Discusswithyourclassmatesonthechartabove.Choosetheideasthatseemtopairoff.Eliminatethosethatdon’tpairoffwellandseemirrelevanttoourcomparison.Youmaydevelopabetter-organizedchartthistime.KFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironment16aActivity2:DiscusswithyourStep2:Drafting1.DevelopingaTopicSentenceActivity1:
PleasewriteatopicsentenceforaparagraphwhichcontrastsKFCandMcDonald’s.________________________________________________Activity2:
Lookatyourtopicsentenceonceagain.Doesitgeneralizethecentralideainyourwriting?Isitapointofview,ratherthanasimpleandplainfact?Isyourtopicsentencesharpandclearlyfocused?Reviseyourtopicsentence.____________________________________________________________________.17aStep2:Drafting1.Developing2.OrganizingyourparagraphActivity1:Pleasechooseadevelopingpatterntoorganizeyourideas.Workoutyouroutlineinthefollowingblanks.18a2.OrganizingyourparagraphAcSubjectbySubjectPatternT.S.:___________________________________Subject1:_______________________________Sub-topic1:________________________Sub-topic2:________________________Sub-topic3:_________________________……Subject2:________________________________Sub-topic1:________________________Sub-topic2:________________________Sub-topic3:________________________……19aSubjectbySubjectPattern19aPointbyPointPatternT.S.:____________________________________Point1:_______________________________Subjecta:________________________Subjectb:________________________Point2:_______________________________Subjecta:________________________Subjectb:________________________Point3:_______________________________Subjecta:________________________Subjectb:________________________……20aPointbyPointPattern20aDevelopcohesion&style
Activity:
Doyouknowothertransitionalwordsorexpressionsforcomparisonandcontrast?Makealistofthem.
21aDevelopcohesion&style21aShortConjunctions
LongerExpressions
Similarly,Likewise,...thesame......thesameas......also......,too.both Inthesameway,XissimilartoYinthat(they)...XandYaresimilarinthat(they)...LikeX,Y[verb]...Inlikemanner,OnewayinwhichXissimilartoYis(that)...AnotherwayinwhichXissimilartoYis(that)...Similarities:
22aShortConjunctionsLongerExprDifferences:ShortConjunctionsSubordinatingConjunctionsHowever,Incontrast,Bycontrast,...,but...,yet Ontheotherhand,eventhough+[sentence]although+[sentence]whereas+[sentence]unlike+[sentence]while+[sentence]nevertheless,23aDifferences:ShortConjunctionsAssignment
StudentsinDawai&StudentsinDUTLiberalartsstudentsvs.sciencestudentsChineseteachersvs.foreignteachersTwotouristplacesIhavebeentoMypublicimagevs.mytrueselfLivinginDalianvs.livinginmyhometownWorkingforalargecompanyvs.runningone’sbusinessGrowingupinabig&Growingupinasmalltown/village24aAssignmentStudentsinDawaiComparisonandContrast25aComparisonandContrast1aLectureFocusDefinitionsofComparisonandContrastBasicFeaturesSelectyourtopicsSetyourpurposeOrganizeyourideasDevelopcohesion&styleStepstoWriting:BrainstormingDraftingRevisingSuggestedActivities/Homework
26aLectureFocusDefinitionsofCoWhatYouShouldKnowComparison-contrastisacommonmethodofdevelopmentthatinvolvesfocusingonsimilaritiesanddifferences---ormorelikelyononeortheother---inordertomakeapoint.Whenawriteriscomparing,heispointingoutthesimilaritiesthatexistbetweensubjectsoritems(suchaspersons,things,orideas).Whenawriteriscontrasting,heispointingoutthedifferencesbetweensubjectsoritems,eventhetwodifferentaspectsofthesamesubject(e.g.,theadvantagesvs.thedisadvantagesofapersonalcomputer).27aWhatYouShouldKnow3aSelectyourtopicsActivity:Examinethefollowinggroupsoftopics.Pleasepickoutthegroupsthatyouthinkareappropriatefordiscussingsimilaritiesanddifferences,andexplainwhyyouthinktheyareappropriateforcomparison/contrast.buyingacarvs.leasingacarorangesandbananasShakespeareandLuXunamusicianandanarchitectmaleandfemaleattitudesaboutmarriage28aSelectyourtopics4aActivityBroadCategoriesNarrowed-downTopicstwobookstwoauthorstwoTVprogramstworestaurantstwoathletes29aActivityBroadCategoriesNarrowSetYourPurposeInformativecomparisons:toexplaindifferencesbetweensubjects.Thistypeofwritinggenerallydoesnotrecommendoneitemasbeingbetterthantheothers.Persuasivecomparisons:topersuadereadersthatonesubjectissuperiortoothers.30aSetYourPurposeInformativecoOrganizeyourideassubject-by-subjectpoint-by-point
31aOrganizeyourideassubject-bSubject-by-subjectorganizationSubjectA:
Point1Point2Point3Point4SubjectB:
Point1Point2Point3Point4
32aSubject-by-subjectorganizatioExample
ProfessorYang:
classroominstruction
homework
exam
grading
ProfessorWu:
classroominstruction
homework
examgrading33aExample9aPoint-by-pointorganization
Point1:
SubjectA
SubjectB
Point2:
SubjectA
SubjectB
Point3:
SubjectA
SubjectB
Point4:
SubjectA
SubjectB34aPoint-by-pointorganizationExample
Classroominstruction
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
Homework
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
Exam
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
Grading
ProfessorYang
ProfessorWu
35aExampleClassroominstructionStepstoWriting36aStepstoWriting12aActivity1:GroupDiscussionPleaseworkwithyourfellowstudentstofindouteverythingthatyouknowaboutKFCandMcDonald’s.Youmayusethefollowingcharttohelpyoufindouttheusefulinformation.Step1:Brainstorming37aActivity1:GroupDiscussionStKFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironment38aKFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceOthersuggestedtopicsDalianDepartmentStorevs.MACAL(VictoryPlaza)Hymallvs.Walmart(orCarrefour)Twobighotelsyou’veworkedfor39aOthersuggestedtopicsDalianActivity2:Discusswithyourclassmatesonthechartabove.Choosetheideasthatseemtopairoff.Eliminatethosethatdon’tpairoffwellandseemirrelevanttoourcomparison.Youmaydevelopabetter-organizedchartthistime.KFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironment40aActivity2:DiscusswithyourStep2:Drafting1.DevelopingaTopicSentenceActivity1:
PleasewriteatopicsentenceforaparagraphwhichcontrastsKFCandMcDonald’s.________________________________________________Activity2:
Lookatyourtopicsentenceonceagain.Doesitgeneralizethecentralideainyourwriting?Isitapointofview,ratherthanasimpleandplainfact?Isyourtopicsentencesharpandclearlyfocused?Reviseyourtopicsentence.____________________________________________________________________.41aStep2:Drafting1.Developing2.OrganizingyourparagraphActivity1:Pleasechooseadevelopingpatterntoorganizeyourideas.Workoutyouroutlineinthefollowingblanks.42a2.OrganizingyourparagraphAcSubjectbySubjectPatternT.S.:___________________________________Subject1:_______________________________Sub-topic1:________________________Sub-topic2:________________________Sub-topic3:_________________________……Subject2:________________________________Sub-topic1:________________________Sub-topic2:________________________Sub-topic3:________________________……43aSubjectbySubjectPattern19aPointbyPointPatternT.S.:____________________________________Point1:_______________________________Subjecta:________________________Subjectb:________________________Point2:_______________________________Subj
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