2020-2021高考英语专题《阅读理解》综合检测试卷及详细答案

一、高中英语阅读理解1.阅读理解Mostpeopleagreethateatinghealthyfoodisimportant.Butsometimesmakinggoodfoodchoicescanbedifficult.Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirhealthandtheirdiningoutexperience.OpenTableappOpenTableapphelpspeoplechooserestaurantswhentheywanttogoouttoeat.Itisafreeservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailablebasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.Itgivesuserspointswhentheymakereservations(预定)，whichcanadduptodiscountsonrestaurantvisits.MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappWineandcheesecanbeagreatcombination.Butwhichwinesgobestwithwhichcheeses?MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappcanhelp.Itprovidesinformationabouthundredsofdifferentcheesesandsuggestswinestopairwitheach.MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappisfree.HappyCowappVegetariansdonoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdonoteatanyanimalproducts.TheHappyCowappismadeforbothgroups.Userscansearchforvegetarian-veganrestaurantsandstoresaroundtheworld.LocalEatsappRestaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereapersonmighttravel.Butsometimestravelerswanttoeatlikelocals.TheLocalEatsappisdesignedforthat.ItcanhelpyoufindlocalrestaurantsinmajorcitiesintheUSandinothercountries.Itcostsaboutadollar.WhereChefsEatapp"WhereChefsEat"isa975-pagcbook.Mostpeoplewouldnotwanttocarrythataround.Butthereisamuchlighterappversionofthesamenameforjust$15.Sixhundredchefsprovideinformationon3,000restaurantsaroundtheworldontheWhereChefsEatapp.Whatdothefirsttwoappshaveincommon?Theyarebothfreeofcharge.B.Discountsareprovidedonboth.C.Bestwinescanbereservedonboth.D.Theytellyouwheretohavethebestfood.WhoisHappyCowappprobablydesignedfor?Friendsdrinkingwinestogether.B.Chefsenjoyingmeatverymuch.C.Peoplewhowanttogoonadiet.D.Thoseofteneatinginarestaurant.Wherecanwemostlikelyseethetext?Onatourismguide.B.Inacellphoneapplicationintroduction.C.Inastudents'textbook.D.OnascientificdiscoveryTVprogram.【答案】(1)ACB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五个帮助他们了解健康饮食的应用软件。考查细节理解。根据OpenTableapp部分中的”Itisafreeservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailablebasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine."这是一项免费服务，根据用户想要用餐的地点和时间向用户显示餐厅；以及MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingapp部分中的”MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappisfree."MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairing应用程序是免费的。可知前两个应用程序的共同点是他们都是免费的。故选A。考查推理判断。根据HappyCowapp部分中的"Vegetariansdonoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdonoteatanyanimalproducts.TheHappyCowappismadeforbothgroups.素食者不吃肉。严格素食者不吃任何动物产品。而快乐奶牛应用软件就是为这两个群体制作的。，可知HappyCow软件是为想要节食的人设计的。故选C。考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirhealthandtheirdiningoutexperience."现在，有一些应用程序可以帮助人们了解他们吃的食物，从而改善他们的健康和外出就餐的体验。以及文章主要介绍了五个应用软件，故最有可能在手机应用介绍看到本文。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解Waterisanecessityoflife.Rain,especially,helpsplantsgrowandstaygreen.Buttoomuchrain,especiallyincities,canleadtoflooding.Thatcancausewastewatersystemstooverflowandsendpollutantsintoriversandotherwaterways.Tofighttheproblem,severalcitiesintheUnitedStatesarestartingprogramslikerooftopgardens.AteamattheUniversityoftheDistrictofColumbiainthenation'scapitalhascreatedagardenonthetopofoneschoolbuilding.Thegardenholdsmanykindsofplantstohelpabsorbrainwaterandgrowfoodatthesametime.ArchitectDavidBellhasdesignedfive"greenroofs"fortheuniversity.Hesaysheisexcitedabouttheprojectbecause"itmeantdoingsomethingmorethanjustdealingwithstormwatermanagement.Ittookadvantageofaresourceabovethecityandtheseflatroofsthataren'tdoinganythingreallybecamesomethingthatwasabouturbanagriculture."Rainwateriscollectedinlargecontainersandsentthroughasystemthatwaterstherooftopgarden.Theroofisfilledwithgreenlifethatappealstoinsects.Incities,"youdon'thavethatmanyspacestochoosefromandsorooftopsarejust(unused)space,"saysCaitlinArlotta.Sheisastudentintheschool'sUrbanAgricultureprogram.Theprojectispartofaresearchprogramtoseewhichplantsdowellonrooftops.Theresearchersarelookingatplantsincludingstrawberries,tomatoesandsweetpotatoes.Theuniversityalsohasothergreenspaces."Wealsohaveourownfarmexperiments,"Arlottasaid."Withineachofthosegrowingsystems,wewanttobeabletotellpeoplewhichsortsofthesecropsgrowthebest."SandyFarberBandierhelpsrunUDC'sMasterGardenerprogram.ItseekstoimprovecitiesandmakethembeautifulbytrainingpeopletobecomeMasterGardeners.Shesaysshe'sbeensurprisedbythegarden'soutput."Mybiggestsurprisewasthatweproduced4,250poundsof

producethefirstyearandwasabletospreadthattopeopleinneed."ShealsolikesbeingabletoshowpeoplewholiveinD.C.andothersbeyondthenation'scapitalwhatandhowfoodcanbegrownonarooftop."Thisisthefutureforfood.Yougrowithere,youprepareitinacommercialkitchen,youdistributethroughfarmersmarkets,foodtrucks,andthenyourecycle."Whatdoweknowabouttherooftopgardens?Rooftopgardensareverycommoninaverageneighborhoods.Therearemanysortsofplantstherewhichhelptakeinrainwater.They'replayinganimportantroleinthecity'sfoodsupply.Rooftopgardensarenomorethancontainerstocollectrainwater.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?Rooftopscanofferenoughspacetoplantcrops.Manyplantslikestrawberriescangrowwellonrooftops.SomeuniversitystudentsareparticipatingintheUrbanAgricultureprogram.Theplantsinrooftopgardensareattractivetomanyinsects.HowdoesSandyFarberBandierfeelaboutthefutureofrooftopgardens?Confident.B.Doubtful.Confident.B.Doubtful.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?RainwaterNecessityforPlantLifeC.TheUnitedStates'AgricultureProgram【答案】(1)BC.Worried.D.Ambiguous.GreenRoofs-TheFutureofUrbanAgricultureRooftopGardens-FoodParadise(2)C(3)AB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。美国由于雨水过多，为了避免浪费，美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。在大学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成为了城市农业的一部分。考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Thegardenholdsmanykindsofplantstohelpabsorbrainwaterandgrowfoodatthesametime."可知，花园里有多种植物，可以帮助吸收雨水，故选B。考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Sheisastudentintheschool'sUrbanAgricultureprogram...Theresearchersarelookingatplantsincludingstrawberries,tomatoesandsweetpotatoes.Theuniversityalsohasothergreenspaces.‘Wealsohaveourownfarmexperiments'o”可知，凯特琳•阿洛塔是该校都市农业计划的学生。"研究人员正在研究包括草莓、西红柿和甘薯在内的植物。这所大学还有其他绿地。"，"我们也有自己的农场实验"，由此可推断出有许多大学生正在参与这项城市农业计划。故选Co考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"ShealsolikesbeingabletoshowpeoplewholiveinD.C.andothersbeyondthenation'scapitalwhatandhowfoodcanbegrownonarooftop.‘Thisisthefutureforfood.Yougrowithere,youprepareitinacommercialkitchen,youdistributethroughfarmersmarkets,foodtrucks,andthenyourecycle.'"SandyFarberBandier喜欢向住在华盛顿特区和首都以外地区的人们展示在屋顶上可以种植什么以及如何种植食物。她认为"这是食品的未来。你在这里种植，在商业厨房里准备，通过农贸市场分发。食品卡车，然后回收利用。""由此可推断出她对于屋顶花园的未来很自信。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段说美国由于雨水过多，为了避免浪费，美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。接着下文进行了详细介绍了在大学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成为了城市农业的一部分，有人认为这是未来的食物。由此可知，本文主要叙述了绿色屋顶城市农业的未来。综观全文可知，文中greenroofs（绿色屋顶）贯穿全文，第一段最后一句greenroofs（绿色屋顶）是建在城市的农业（UrbanAgriculture），故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解In1953,amountainclimberreportedseeingabar-headedgoosesoaroverthepeakofMountEverest（珠穆朗玛）.Itwasthoughtimpossible.Nowresearcherswhoraised19ofthegeese—namedfortheblackstripesonthebacksoftheirheads—haveshownthebirdsreallyflysohigh.Theteamtrainedtheyoungsterstoflyinalargewindtunnelwearingbackpacksandfacemasksfullofsensorsthatrecordedtheirheartrate.bloodoxygenlevels,temperature,andmetabolicrate—howmanycaloriestheyburnedperhour.Theresearcherssimulated（模拟）10w-,medium-,andhigh-altitudeconditionsbyalteringtheconcentrationofoxygensuppliedtofacemaskswornbyeachgooseasitflewinthetunnel.Birdsalreadyhaveabetterheartandlungsthanmammalsforsustainedphysicalactivity.Andresearchersknewthatbar-headedgeesehaveevenlarger,thinnerlungsthatletthembreathemoredeeplyandanevenbiggerhearttopumpmoreoxygentomusclesthanotherbirds.Thewindtunnelexperimentsshowedthatwhentheconcentrationofoxygenwasatitslowest-likethe7%foundontopofMountEverestversus21%atsealevel—thegeese'sheartrateandfrequencyofwingbeatsremainedthesameevenastheirmetabolicratedropped.Somehow,thebirdsmanagedtocooldowntheirblood-themeasuredbloodtemperaturedroppedsoitcouldtakeinmoreoxygen,theresearchersreporttodayineLif.eThiscoolinglikelyhelpscompensatefortheverythinair,theteamsays.Althoughwelltrained,thebirdswereonlywillingtostayintheairafewminutes-orlesswhenwearingtheirbackpacksandflyingat6ihigh"altitudes.Soit'snotclearwhethertheseadaptationsalonearewhatmakeitpossibletoflythe8hoursittakestoclimboverMountEverest.ButthosefewminutesshowedthesegeesereallycouldflyoverthetopofMountEverest.（1）Whydidtheresearchersraise19bar-headedgeeseandtrainthem?Totesttheflyingheightandspeedofthem.ToconfirmtheycouldflyoverMountEverest.Toobservethemflyingthroughthewindtunnel.Toseehowmanycaloriestheyburnedperhour.Whatcanwelearnfromthewindtunnelexperiment?Itwascarriedoutatveryhighaltitude.Thegeesemanagedtobreathelesswhentheirblooddecreased.Thegeesecouldlivethroughthelowestconcentrationofoxygen.Itshowsthegeesecouldflyathighaltitudeforlong.Whatstillpuzzlesscientistsaboutthegeese?Whethertheyhavesuperheartsandlungs.Whethertheyhavemusclespumpedmoreoxygento.Whethertheyarewillingtowearbackpacksandfacemasks.Whethertheycanmanagetofly8hourstoclimboverMountEverest.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?Asciencefiction.B.Aclimbingguide.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Asciencereport.【答案】(1)BTOC\o"1-5"\h\zCDD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，为了确认其真实性，研究人员养了18只这种鹅，在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"In1953,amountainclimberreportedseeingabarheadedgoosesoaroverthepeakofMountEverest.Itwasthoughtimpossible."扌艮道说，一名登山者看到一只斑头鹅飞过珠穆朗玛峰。人们认为这是不可能的；以及'Nowresearcherswhoraised19ofthegeese-namedfortheblackstripesonthebacksoftheirheads-haveshownthebirdsreallyflysohigh."现在研究人员饲养了这种鹅，他们发现这些鹅真的飞得很高。再根据最后一段中的"Soit'snotclearwhethertheseadaptationsalonearewhatmakeitpossibletoflythe8hoursittakestoclimboverMountEverest.ButthosefewminutesshowedthesegeesereallycouldflyoverthetopofMountEverest."但是否能让这种鹅飞8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰尚不清楚。由此可推断出研究人员饲养这种鹅是为了证实这种鹅是否能飞过珠峰。故选B。考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Thewindtunnelexperimentsshowedthatwhentheconcentrationofoxygen...thegeese'sheartrateandfrequencyofwingbeatsremainedthesameevenastheirmetabolicratedropped....theresearchersreporttodayinelife.Thiscoolinglikelyhelpscomp"可知风洞实验表明，当氧气浓度最低时，鹅的心率和翅膀搏动频率保持不变，即使它们的新陈代谢率下降。研究人员今天在《伊利费》杂志上报道说，…这种降温可能有助于补偿空气的稀薄；第五段中的"Althoughwelltrained,thebirdswereonlywillingtostayintheairafewminutes-orless..."尽管训练有素，但这些鸟只愿意在空中呆上几分钟。这两处综合推断出，鹅可以在最低浓度的氧气中生存。故选C。考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Soit'snotclearwhethertheseadaptationsalonearewhatmakeitpossibletoflythe8hoursittakestoclimboverMountEverest."可知，目前尚不清楚的是，只有这些适应性变化能否可以飞行8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。第一段中提到登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰。为了证实是否可能，研究人员养了18只这种鹅，并在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚不明确。由此可知本文属于科普文章。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行分逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解Thenegative（负面的）healtheffectsofsleepshortagesduringtheweekcan'tbechangedbymarathonweekendsleepsessions,accordingtoanewstudy.Researchershavelongknownthatroutinesleepdeprivation（缺乏）cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks,includingdiabetes.ButtherearestillsomepeoplewhohopethatshuttingoffthealarmonSaturdayandSundaywillrepaytheweeklysleepdebtandremoveanyilleffects.Theresearch,publishedinCurrentBiology,ruinsthosehopes.Despitecompletefreedomtosleepinandnapduringaweekendrecoveryperiod,participantsinasleeplaboratorywhowerelimitedtofivehoursofsleeponweekdaysgainednearlythreepoundsovertwoweeksandexperiencedmetabolicdisruption（代谢紊乱）thatwouldincreasetheirriskfordiabetesoverthelongterm.Whileweekendrecoverysleephadsomebenefitsafterasingleweekofinadequatesleep,thosegainswerewipedoutwhenpeoplereturnedrighttotheirsamesleepschedulethenextMonday."Iftherearebenefitsofcatch-upsleep,they'regonewhenyougobacktoyourroutine.It'sveryshort-lived,"saidKennethWright,wholedtheresearch."Thesehealtheffectsarelong-term.It'skindoflikesmokingoncewas—peoplewouldsmokeandwouldn'tseeanimmediateeffectontheirhealth,butpeoplewillsaynowthatsmokingisnotahealthylifestylechoice.Ithinksleepisintheearlystageofwheresmokingusedtobe."Wrightsaidthatthestudysuggestspeopleshouldprioritizesleep—cuttingouttheoptional"sleepstealers"suchaswatchingtelevisionshowsorspendingtimeonelectronicequipment.Evenwhenpeopledon'thaveachoiceaboutlosingsleepduetochild-careresponsibilitiesorjobschedules,theyshouldthinkaboutprioritizingsleepinthesamewaytheywouldthinkaboutahealthydietorexercise.（1）Whathadtheresearchersalreadyknownbeforedoingthenewresearch?Theactualbenefitsofweekendrecoverysleep.Harmtohealthcausedbythelackofroutinesleep.People'shabitofshuttingoffthealarmduringholidays.Therelationshipbetweenbodyweightandsleepamount.（2）KennethWrightmentionedsmokingto.callonsmokerstocompletelyabandonsmokingadvisepeopletogotosleepwhentheywanttosmokeshowpeoplehaveknowntheharmbroughtbysmokingshowpeoplewillsomedaynoticethebadeffectsofsleepdeprivation（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prioritize"probablymean?Havealowopinionofsomething.Increasetheamountofsomething.Cutdownsomethingthatisn'tnecessaryanymore.Treatsomethingasbeingmoreimportantthanothers.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?WeekendCatch-upSleepIsaLieBadSleepHabitsAreHarmfultoHealthANewStudyHasanUnexpectedDiscoveryD.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofCatch-upSleep【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过一项研究与对比举例的方法让大家明白周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。人们应该把睡眠放在优先地位。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Researchershavelongknownthatroutinesleepdeprivation（缺乏）cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks,includingdiabetes'研究人员很早就知道长期的睡眠缺乏会导致体重增加和像糖尿病这样的健康风险，可知，人们很早就知道长期睡眠不足会给身体带来的危害。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中KennethWright说的最后两句话可知：长期睡眠不足给健康造成的危害是长期的，就像曾经的抽烟习惯一样——人们抽烟，没有看到立即的效应，但是现在人们会说抽烟是不健康的生活方式。睡眠不足就像是早期的抽烟一样。也就是说作者用这个比喻是想让大家知道终究会有一天人们会注意到睡眠不足带来的坏处。故选D。（3）考查词义猜测。划线单词后有一个破折后，起解释说明的作用。由破折后的句意：减少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行为，比如看电视节目或者花时间在电子设备上。可知，我们需要把睡眠放在优先的地位。也就是说要把睡眠看的比看电视节目、看电子设备等等这些行为更重要。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段就说明了文章中心。第一段段意为：一项发人深省的新研究表明，周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。也就是说周末的补觉是一个谎言。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelonunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair,thecleannessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.Second,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis—politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg—thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they'llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparentteenwartoaborderconflict?A.Bothcancontinueforgenerations.B.Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.Neitherhasanyclearwinner.D.Neithercanbeputtoanend.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.Theteensaccusetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.Parentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywantto.giveorderstotheotherknowmorethantheothergainrespectfromtheothergettheothertobehaveproperlyWhatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?Causesfortheparent-teenconflictsExamplesoftheparent-teenwarSolutionstotheparent-teenproblemsFutureoftheparent-teenrelationship【答案】(1)BTOC\o"1-5"\h\zACC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于父母来说，抚养一个十几岁的孩子就像是打一场持久战，但是是一场没有赢家的持久战。考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?"可知和邻国之间的边界纷争一样，两代人之间的战争是关于界限的：我所能控制的和你所做的之间的界限。选B。考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.”可知，从父母的观点来看，他们之间斗争的唯一原因就是他们的青春期的孩子的完全不讲道理。划线句子意为:青少年也正好是同样的方式看待的，只是正好相反的，也就是在孩子们看来，斗争的原因完全是他们的父母蛮不讲理。选A。考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Third,needingtoberight,Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis-politics.Thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg-thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—andthereforetocommandrespect"可知，他们争论的话题是什么不重要，重要的是他们要证明自己是对的，而对方是不对的，从而赢得尊重。选C。考查推理判断。根据由最后一段中的"Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap."可知，在这篇文章中，作者将描述三种通常会引起青少年和父母之间斗争的情形，然后提出几种解决的方法。最后一段介绍了三种情形，所以接下来讨论的该是解决的方法了。选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Imagineaschoolwhereself-awarenessiscelebrated,studentsareencouragedtosolvemathsproblemsbywritingonthewallsandapplyinglearnedlessonstoreallifeismoreimportantthanhomework.TheseareafewoftheconceptsthatmakesSpaceofMindSchoolunique.Locatedinahomebuiltin1896inFlorida,US,theprogramservesstudentsingrades2through12andwillacceptkindergartenstudentsnextyear.Italsooffersanafter-schoolprogramforstudentswhoattendtraditionalschools,aswellaseveningprogramsforadultsandeducatorsandweekendeventsforfamilies.Thereisadifferentatmospherefromthatofatraditionalschoolbuilding.Tablesandbrightlycoloredwallsarewhiteboards.Inthescienceroom,studentsarestudyingclimatechangesataweatherstation,whileinthemusicroom,astudentissolvinganequation(等式)withhisacademiccoachwhileheconnectsmusictheoryandmaths.Thedailyscheduleattheschoolalsostandsout."Wedon'tassignboringorexhaustinghomework."saidSpaceofMindfounderandCEOAliKaufman."Insteadofhomework,weaskthattheygohomeandtakeavideoofthemselvesapplyingalessontheylearnedorcookingamealfortheirfamilythattheylearnedhowtomakeatschool."Forlunch,insteadoftraditionalcafeteriadishessuchaspizza,theschooloffersorganicmealsmadeoutofproductsfromlocalgardensandfarms."OurstudentsalsorunabusinessattheDelrayBeachGreenMarketonSaturdayssotheycanunderstandsustainablelivingpracticesandhowtorunabusiness,"Kafmansaid."WearealsothefirstschoolprograminFloridatostartandendeachdaywith15minutesofmeditation(冥想),"Kaufmansaid."Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing.Wearereallyaboutinfusingsocial,emotionalandcreativeskillswithacademicandlifeskills."SpaceofMindSchool.assignsnohomework.B.urgesstudentstousewhattheylearn.C.teachesstudentstoearnmoneyinclass.D.focusesonknowledgelearning.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?YogaenjoysgreatpopularityinUS.B.Thepracticeofmeditationisamazing.C.Themeditationsessionlasts15minutesdaily.D.Thestudentsbenefitfrommeditation.Theunderlinedword"infusing"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A.emphasizingB.checkingC.developingD.helpingWhatisthetextmainlyabout?WhatmakesSpaceofMindSchooloutstanding.WhySpaceofMindSchoolispopularinUS.Howtheafter-classprogramsofspaceofMindSchoolareorganized.HowSpaceofMindSchoolcultivatesstudents'lifeskills.【答案】(1)BTOC\o"1-5"\h\zDCA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了SpaceofMindSchool一些独特的理念和做法。这些使得SpaceofMindSchool与众不同。考查细节理解。根据第一段"Imagineaschoolwhereself-awarenessiscelebrated,studentsareencouragedtosolvemathsproblemsbywritingonthewallsandapplyinglearnedlessonstoreallifeismoreimportantthanhomework.TheseareafewoftheconceptsthatmakesSpaceofMindSchoolunique."可知，SpaceofMindSchool推崇自我意识，学生们被鼓励通过在墙上写字来解决数学问题，并将学到的知识应用到实际生活中。故选B。考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing.''可知，我们从学生的冥想中看到的积极结果是惊人的。由此可知，冥想是有好处的。故选D。考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Thepositiveresultswehavebeenseeinginthestudentsfrommeditationareamazing."可知，冥想对学生有积极的影响。再结合划线词后的skills可知，冥想可以"培养"学生的社交、情感和创新技能以及他们的学术和生活技能。故选C。考查主旨大意。第一段介绍了一些使得SpaceofMindSchool独一无二的理念。第二段是对SpaceofMindSchool的简介。第三段介绍的是SpaceofMindSchool与众不同的氛围。第四段介绍的是它独特的日程安排。第五段介绍的是其独特的午餐。最后一段介绍了其首创的冥想活动。这些都使得SpaceofMindSchool与众不同，独一无二。综上，文章主要介绍了使得SpaceofMindSchool突出的因素。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7•阅读理解Ifyouwearglasses,chancesareyouaresmarter.ResearchpublishedinthefamousBritishjournalNatureCommunicationshasfoundthatpeoplewhodisplayedhigherlevelsofintelligencewerealmost30percentmorelikelytowearglasses.Thescientistsstudiedthegenesofthousandsofpeoplebetweentheagesof16and102.Thestudyshowedintelligencecanbeconnectedtophysicalcharacteristics.Onecharacteristicwaseyesight.Inoutof10peoplewhoweremoreintelligent,therewasahigherchancetheyneededglasses.Scientistsalsosaidbeingsmarterhasotherbenefits.Itisconnectedtobetterhealth.Itisimportanttoremembertheseareconnectionswhicharenotprovencauses.Scientistscallthiscorrelation.Justbecausesomethingisconnectedtosomethingelsedoesnotmeanoneofthosethingscausedtheother.Andit'sworthnotingthatwhatconstitutesintelligenceissubjectiveandcanbedifficult,ifnotimpossible,tomeasure.Forgetgenesthough.Plentyofproofshowswearingglassesmakespeoplethinkyouaremoreintelligent,evenifyoudonotneedglasses.Anumberofstudieshavefoundpeoplewhowearglassesareseenassmarter,hard-workingandhonest.Manylawyersusethisideatohelpwintheircases.LawyerHarveySolvesexplainedthis.Glassessoftentheirappearance.Hesaidsometimestherehasbeenahugeamountofproofshowingthatpeoplehewasdefendingbrokethelaw.Hehadthemwearglassesandtheyweren'tfoundguilty.GlassesarealsousedtoshowsomeoneisintelligentinmoviesandonTV.Ideasaboutpeoplewhowearglasseshavebeguntoshift.Peoplewhodonotneedglassessometimeswearthemforfashiononly.Theywanttolookworldlyorcool.Butnoteveryoneisimpressedbythisidea,though.GQmagazinesaidpeoplewhowearglassesforfashionaretryingtoohardtolooksmartandhip(时髦的).However,thathasn'tstoppedmanycelebritiesfromhappilywearingglasseseveniftheydonotneedthem.JustinBieberisjustonehigh-profilefanoffashionglasses.Whatdoesthenewstudyshow?Peoplewearingglassesaresmarter.Peoplewearingglassesarehealthier.Wearingglassescanmakepeoplecleverer.WearingglassesisassociatedwithhigherIQ.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph3mean?A.Shift.B.Link.C.Proof.D.Consequence.Whydosomelawyersasktheirclientstowearglassesincourt?A.Becauseitcancreateamoralimage.B.Becauseitcanmisleadthewitnesses.C.Becauseitcanhighlightclients'qualities.D.Becauseitcanprovetheclients'innocence.Whatisthegeneralattitudetothosewhowearglassesforfashion?Positive.B.Negative.C.MixedD.Indifferent.【答案】(1)DTOC\o"1-5"\h\zBAC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现戴眼镜和高智商有关，文章还指出有些人只是为了追求时尚而戴眼镜。考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Thestudyshowedintelligencecanbeconnectedtophysicalcharacteristics.Onecharacteristicwaseyesight.Inoutof10peoplewhoweremoreintelligent,therewasahigherchancetheyneededglasses.”可知，研究表明，智力与身体特征有关，其中一个特征就是视力，在10个更聪明的人中，他们需要眼镜的几率更高，也就是说戴眼镜与咼智商有关，故选D。考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"Justbecausesomethingisconnectedtosomethingelsedoesnotmeanoneofthosethingscausedtheother.”可知，仅仅因为某物与其他事物相联系并不意味着其中一个事物导致了另一个事物，这是对画线词的解释说明，因此此处是说重要的是要记住这些都是没有被证实的原因的联系，科学家称之为相关性，由此可知画线词词义为"相关联、联系”，故选B。考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Anumberofstudieshavefoundpeoplewhowearglassesareseenassmarter,hard-workingandhonest.Manylawyersusethisideatohelpwintheircases.LawyerHarveySolvesexplainedthis.Glassessoftentheirappearance.”可知，许多研究发现，戴眼镜的人被视为更聪明、更勤奋、更诚实，眼镜使他们看起来更温和，许多律师利用这个想法来帮助他们赢得官司，可知，一些律师让他们的当事人在法庭上戴眼镜是因为戴上眼镜有助于塑造一个道德的形象，故选A。考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Peoplewhodonotneedglassessometimeswearthemforfashiononly.Theywanttolookworldlyorcool.Butnoteveryoneisimpressedbythisidea,though."可知，不需要眼镜的人有时戴眼镜只是为了时尚，他们想显得酷一些，但并不是每个人都对这个想法印象深刻，可知，对于那些追求时尚而戴眼镜的人来说，人们的态度是既有人支持也有人反对，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。8阅读理解Hi,rmNeilHarbisso.Icomefromaplacewheretheskyisalwaysgrey,whereflowersarealwaysgrey,andwheretelevisionisstillinblackandwhite.Iactuallycomefromaworldwherecolordoesn'texist.Iwasbornwithachromatopsia.Iwasborncompletelycolor-blind.SoI'veneverseencolor,anddon'tknowwhatitlookslike.Butsincetheageof21,Icanhearcolorthankstoamagicelectroniceyecalled""eyeborg":acolorsensorbetweenmyeyesconnectedtoachip(芯片)installedatthebackofmyheadthattransformscolorfrequenciesintosoundfrequenciesthatIhearthroughmybone.rvehadtheelectroniceyepermanentlyattachedtomyheadandrvebeenlisteningtocolorsnonstopsince2004.SoIfinditcompletelynormalnowtohearcolorsallthetime.SinceIstartedtohearcolor,mylifehaschangedsignificantly.Artgallerieshavebecomeconcerthalls.IcanhearaPicasso.Andsupermarketshavebecomelikenightclubs.Ilovehowtheysound.Mysenseofbeautyhaschanged.Someonemightlookverybeautifulbutsoundterrible,andsomeon