初中英语时态讲解及练习公开课一等奖省优质课大赛获奖课件

初中语法专题（一）时态普通现在时普通过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时普通未来时过去未来时普通现在时一、普通现在时：概念：经常、重复发生动作或行为及现在某种情况。时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。He

likes

music.

He

doesn’t

like

music.普通疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。Does

he

like

music?什么情况下用？①表示经常或习惯性动作或存在状态。

They

go

home

once

a

week

.②表示主语通常能力、兴趣兴趣、和性格特征。

Ilikereading.③表示客观事实或真理。

The

sun

always

rises

in

the

east

..④表示按照时刻表或已经计划安排好未来行为。（只限于是go,come,leave,arrive,begin,start,takeoff,stop,be等表示开始或移动意义词。）⑤在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用普通未来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用普通现在时表未来。（主将从现）

Lucywillbeathomeifitrainstomorrow.

动词第三人称单数形式改变规则

规则例子普通在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/；在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)Play→playsleave→leavesswim→swims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾词加-es，读/iz/,假如动词原形词尾已经有e,则只加-s。pass→passesfix→fixesteach→teacheswish→wishesdo→does以辅音字母加y结尾词，先变y为i,再加-es,读/z/study→studiescarry→carriesfly→flies1.He______(be,am,is,are)ateacheratNo.2MiddleSchool.2.He______(have,has)classesintheafternoon.3.He______(get,gets)upathalfpastsixeverymorning.4.Healways_____(come,comes)toschoolontime.5.He______(study,studies)veryhardathislesson.6.Oneandtwo_____(be,is,are)three.7.Blueandyellow_____(make,makes)green.8.Theearth_____(move,moves)roundthesun.9.IwillgothereifI____(be,willbe,am,is,are)freetomorrow.我们经常在晚上8点看电视。

We

always

watch

TV

at

8:00

in

the

evening.我不喜欢红色鞋。Idon’tlikeredshoes./10/10普通过去时概念：过去某个时间里发生动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性动作、行为。时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。He

smoked

last

year.

He

didn’t

smoke

last

year.普通疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。Did

he

smoke

last

year?

组成规则例子普通在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读/d/；在/t/,/d/后读/id/。look→lookedplay→playedwork→worked结尾是e动词在末尾加-dlike→likedlive→livedhope→hoped末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edplan→plannedstop→stoppeddrop→dropped结尾是“辅音字母＋y”动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudy→studiedworry→worriedcry→cried1.He____(be,was,were,been)hereamomentago.2.They____(be,was,were,been)herejustnow.3.Thescientists_____(leave,leaves,leaved,left)forAmericayesterday.4.Lastweekwe______(visit,visited)theScienceMuseum.5.WhenIwasachild,Ioften____(play,played)football.6.Thestudentsranoutoftheclassroomassoonasthebell____(ring,rang,rung).当我是个孩子时候，我经常在街上踢足球。When

I

was

a

child,

I

often

played

football

in

the

street.

4．我昨天完成作业了。Ifinishedthehomeworkyesterday./10/10现在进行时作谓语动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间各种形式称为时态。1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行动作及行为。2.时间状语：Now,atthistime,days,look.listen等时间状语做标志。3.基本结构：主语+be+doing+其它4.否定形式：主语+be+not+doing+其它5.普通疑问句：把be动词放于句首。6.使用方法：现在进行时表示1)、现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生动作，强调“此时此刻”。

E.g.Heisreading.Theyaretalkingnow.2)、当前一段时间内活动或现阶段正在进行动作。E.g.Theyareworkingthesedays.3)、一些动词现在进行时，表预定计划或即将发生动作。E.gIamcoming.现在分词变法有1)、普通在动词词尾加上-ing,E.g.jump2)、以不发音字母e结尾动词，先去e，再加-ing.E.ghavewrite3)、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾辅音字母双写，再加上-ing.E.g.sitput其句式变换都在be上做文章。1.I____(write,amwriting,iswriting,arewriting)aletternow.2.Look,it_____(begin,isbeginning,ambeginning,arebeginning)torain.3.They____(study,isstudying,amstudying,arestudying)medicineattheMedicalInstituteofChengdethesedays.4.He_____(teach,amteaching,isteaching,areteaching)anEnglishlessonatthistime.5.我妈妈在做家务。Mymotherwasdoinghousework.6.老师正在教我们怎样用电脑。Theteacherwasteachingushowtousecomputer./10/10过去进行时1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行行为或动作。

2.时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导谓语动词是普通过去时时间状语等。

3.基本结构主语+was/were+doing+其它

4.否定形式：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它

5.普通疑问句：把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写）

其句式改变依然要在be上做文章。1.I_____(cook,cooked,wascooking,werecooking)breakfastwhenyouarrived.2.What____you_____(do,did,was...doing,were…doing)atthistimeyesterdayevening?3.We_____(have,arehaving,had,werehaving)dinnerwhenthedoorbellrang.4.While/When/Aswe____(have,had,arehaving,werehaving)dinner,thedoorbellrang.7.昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗？Were

you

playing

basketball

at

four

yesterday

afternoon?8.他看书时睡着了。

He

fell

asleep

when

he

was

reading.

/10/10普通未来时组成:①will,shall+动词原形，其中shall只用于第一人称。②begoingto+动词原形，表示主观打算，按计划，安排要发生事情。③beto+动词原形，表示客观安排④

beaboutto+不定式，意为马上要做某事，正要做某事。(不可与副词连用）⑤一些动词，可用进行时态表未来，如come,go,arrive,leave。⑥在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句用普通未来时(will+动词原形)，从句中用普通现在时表未来。否定形式：主语+am/is/arenotgoingtodo；主语+will/shallnotdo+其它普通疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。

e.g.Shewillbebackinthreedays.Shewillnotbebackinthreedays.WillShebebackinthreedays?

1_____you____adoctorwhenyougrowup?AWill;goingtobeBAre;goingtobeCAre;/DWill;be2Idon’tknowifhisuncle_____.Ithinkhe_____ifitdoesn’train.Awillcome;comesBwillcome;willcomeCcomes;comesDcomes;willcome3Hewillbeback_____afewminutes.AwithBforConDin4Whattime_____wemeetatthegatetomorrow?AwillBshallCdoDare5Hewillhaveaholidayassoonashe_____theworknextweek.AfinishesBdoesn’tfinishCwillfinishDwon’tfinish6There_____someshowersthisafternoon.AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtobeDaregoingtohave7It____mybrother’sbirthdaytomorrow.She_____aparty.Aisgoingtobe;willhaveBwillbe;ishavingCwillbe;isgoingtohaveDwillhave;isgoingtobe8LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe_____11.AisBisgoingtobeCwillbeDwilltobe过去未来时组成：（would+动词原形，或未来时其它过去组成形式wasgoingtodo……）表示以过去某一时间为参考，在过去看将要发生动作或存在状态。在宾语从句及间接引语中，时态呼应，经常会用到过去未来时。如Ithoughtitwasgoingtobefun.时间状语：---soon/thenextday---that-clause(名词性从句或上下文中---)1.ItoldmyfriendthatI____(should/wouldarrive,shall/willarrive)soon.2.Theylookedatthosecloudsoverthesky.It____(isgoingtorain,wasgoingtorain).现在完成时1.概念：表示发生在过去，连续到现在，可能刚才结束也有可能继续进行下去动作或状态，甚至延续到未来；或发生在过去，对现在造成一定影响或结果。常与since+过去时（间）,for+一段时间连用。表示与现在有联络过去动作。2.时间状语：recently,already,yet,just,never,ever,sofar,bynow,since+时间点，for+时间段，lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.3.基本结构：主语+have/has+p.p（过去分词）+其它4.否定形式：主语+have/has+not+p.p（过去分词）+其它5.普通疑问句：have/has+主语

+p.p（过去分词）+其它?have（has）been和have（has）

gone区分

havebeentoaplace意思是“到过、去过”，表示曾到过某处，但现在人不在那儿；havegonetoaplace表示“去了”，已经去了某地，现在人可能在去途中或已经到那儿了。

Youhave_____atallyoungman.AgrownBgrownintoCgrownusDgrownup2.Hehas____thewatchforayear.AbuyBboughtChaveDhad3.Hasyourbrother_____thedog?AkeptinBfedCfedonDkepton4.I_____thisbookfortwoweeks,Ihavetoreturnitnow.AborrowedBhaveborrowedCkeptDhavekept5.Haveyouever_____totheGreatWall?It'sverybeautiful.AgoneBbeenCwentDgo6.Herbrother_____thePartysince1978.AjoinedBhasjoinedChasbeeninDwasin7.TheGreens_____manyplacesofinterestsincetheycametoChina.AwillvisitBvisitedChavevisitedDvisit8I'msorry,I____yourname.AhadforgottenBforgotChaveforgottenDforgotten9Thebookshop_____foreightyears.AhasbeenopenBhasbeenopenedChasopenedDhasopen10Wehave_____allthepapersoweneedtobuysome.AusedupBmadeofCfilledwithDhuntedfor11TheflowerI____grownup.AplantedhasBplantedhaveChasplantedDhaveplanted巧解现在完成时态题技巧1:寻找现在完成时中“段时间”。(1)现在完成时表示过去已经开始并连续到现在动作或状态,多和表示一段时间状语连用:for+一段时间;since+点时间(since作连词后接从句时,该从句要用普通过去时)。(2)现在完成时态也用在含有during/in/overthelastyears或inrecentyears等句子中。趁热打铁1.TheOrientalPearlTVTower_______tensofthousandsofvisitorssince1995.attracted

B.attracts

C.hasattracted

D.willattract

2.—Howlong_______you_____here?

—Forabouttwoyearssofar.

have,studied

B.did,live

C.do,stay

D.were,swimming3.—Howisyourfather?I__himforalongtime.

—Heisfine,butbusy.don’tsee

B.hadn’tseenC.didn’tsee

D.haven’tseen4.Meimeihasreceivedseverallettersfromherhometownsinceshe_______tothecity.

A.came

B.comes

C.hascome

D.willcome

技巧2:寻找现在完成时副词标志或句型。(1)在做时态题时,注意观察句中是否有惯用于现在完成时副词:yet,already,never,lately,recently,ever,just,before,(ever)since等。(2)句型:Ithasbeen+段时间+since+过去时.也能够表示为:Itis+段时间+since+过去时.

9.自五个月前我就在这儿了。I

have

been

here

since

five

months

ago.

/10/10过去完成时过去完成时

1、概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了动作，即“过去过去（

past-in-the-past）”。------|-----------|----------|-------->那时以前

那时

现在

2、组成：过去