2020年高考英语-全国一卷

132020普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.答案是C.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.C.InthestreetC.InthestreetC.He'sashopassistant.C.At18:50.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?Inasupermarket.B.Inthepostoffice.WhatdidCarldo?Hedesignedamedal.HefixedaTVset.Hetookatest.Whatdoesthemando?He'satailor.B.He'sawaiter.Whenwilltheflightarrive?At18:20.B.At18:35.Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?Bydeletingunnecessarywords.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.第二节（共15小题：每小题15分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、

C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5移钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。WhatdoesBilloftendoonFridaynight?C.WalkalongBroadway.C.Bill'C.WalkalongBroadway.C.Bill'sparents.Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?Bill.B.Sarah.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?Toinvitehimtoaparty.Todiscussaschedule.Tocalloffameeting.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?Theyarecolleagues.Theyareclosefriends.They'venevermetbefore.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?ATVcamera.Avideocamera.Amoviecamera.Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Underwaterfilming.B.Alargememory.C.Auto-focus.Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A.950euros.B.650euros.C.470euros.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。WhoisClifford?A.Alittlegirl.B.Theman'spet.C.Afictionalcharacter.WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren'sbooks?A.Hiswife.B.Elizabeth.C.Apublisher.I5.WhatisNorman'sstorybasedon?Abook.B.Apainting.C.Ayoungwoman.WhatisitthatshockedNorman?A.Hisunexpectedsuccess.Hiseffortsmadeinvain.C.Hiseditor'sdisagreement.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Relatives.B.Strangers.C.Visitors.Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A.Toexpressopinions.

Toavoidarguments.Toshowfriendliness.Whichofthefollowingisafrequenttopicinsmalltalk?Politics.B.Movies.C.Salaries.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendattheendofhislecture?A.Askingopen-endedquestions.Feelingfreetochangetopics.Makingsmalltalkinteresting.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.Lostproperty（Lostproperty（失物领）CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（位于）atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable.Beforetravelpleasevisit/r/.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleasecallQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains（outbound）DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22amWhatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?Call131617.B.Visit/r/.au.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.BReturningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It'strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it'sallaboutthepresent.It'saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isEmestHemingway'sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating（令人陶醉的）,anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillar'dsHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble（随笔）abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.It'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeas?tA.It'sabriefaccountofatrip.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto?A.Debt.B.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Facevalue.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Helovespoetry.B.He'saneditor.C.He'sveryambitious.D.Heteachesreading.CRacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact（接触）withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It'slesschallengingphysically.C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts'opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.DTheconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsgrow(发光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource（电源）一suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission（传输）.Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer?A.Todetectplants'lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.37Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.38Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate（有同情心）response?“Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”•Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39•Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?Feelingupsetagain?Wheredoyoustart?Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.Remember,youareonlyhuman.ESetanintentionforself-acceptance.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit's45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey'll47anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.Iwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe'retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53metaphorical（比喻）meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatflaterin54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity（机会）ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,“Whatifitisn'tadoor?”Thatis,“Whatifitisn'ta57opportunity?”Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust59repeatedlyhavingtosay,“No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow.”Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon't60toopenthemandwalkthrough.41.A.reliefB.targetC.reasonD.case42.A.admitB.believeCmeanD.realize43.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually44.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth45.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly46.A.reviewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting47.A.winoutB.giveupC.wakeupD.standout48.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers50.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.consequences51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral53.AtraditionalB.importantC.doubleD.original54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history55.A.bycomparisonwithB.inadditiontoC.regardlessofD.insteadof56.A.getholdofB.stareatC.knockonD.makeuseof57.ArealB.typicalC.similarD.limited58.A.safetyruleB.comfortzoneC.bottomlineD.topsecret59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept60.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe（探测器）一thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess一61（touch）downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62（extreme）challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64（interesting）toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters（环形山）,moreso65thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-466(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit67(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68(construct).”Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow69iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,