湖南师大附中2023届高三月考（二）英语试题 Word版

湖南师大附中2023届高三月考试卷（二）英语得分 本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分。时量120分钟。满分150分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍：例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19.15B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatmonthisitnow?A.January.B.February.C.March.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheboy?A.Hepreferseatingcoldfood.B.Heatesomethingelseinadvance.C.Hedoesn'tlikehismom'scooking.3.Wheredidthewomangobeforethemeal?A.Toherhome.B.Toacinema.C.Toacafe4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnatrainB.Inanelevator.C.Inataxi.5.Howdidthemangethisshirt?A.Fromhisfather.B.Fromane-mall.C.Fromasouvenirshop第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whowillbetheaudiencefortheman'spresentation?A.Histutor. B.Seniorstudents.C.Freshmen7.Whereisthepresentationgoingtobeheld?A.Intheschoollibrary.B.Intheschooltheatre.C.IntheStudents’Union.8.Whenisthegarbagecanemptiedusually?A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Friday.9.Wherewastheannouncementposted?A.Onawebsite. B.Onanoticeboard.C.Onthenewspaper听第8段材料.回答第10至12题。10.Howlonghasthefridgebeenusedapproximately?A.9years. B.10years. C.11years.11.What'swrongwiththefridge?A.It’stoonoisy. B.Itstopsworking. C.Itcostsloom12.Whatwasthematterwiththedoorofthefridge?A.Itfelldown. B.Itdidn’tstayshut. C.Itcouldn'tbe听第9段材料M答第13至16题.13.Whatjobdocsthegirldecidetolake?A.Receptionist.B.ManagerAssistant.C.Officeassistant14.What'sthedutyofthejob?A.Answeringphonecalls.B.Makingphonecalls.C.Talkingfacetoface.15.What’sthetimeoftheinterview?A.10：30a.m.Friday.B.10：30a.m.Thursday.C.11：30a.ni.Friday.16.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Overthephone.B.Onsocialmedia.C.Intheoffice.17.Whendidthespeakerbuyhisticket?A.Threemonthsinadvance.B.Fivetotendaysinadvance.C.Threeweeksinadvance.18.Howmuchdoesaguidegenerallypayforaplaneticket?A.Halfoftheregularfare.B.Onequarteroftheregularfare.C.Two-thirdsoftheregularfare.19.Wherecanseniorandyouthpassesbeused?A.InIndia.B.InEurope.C.InJapan.20.WhatdoesthespeakermainlytalkaboutA.Howtobuytraintickets.B.Howtotravelonaplane.C.Howtotravelforless.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenscorchingforsomethingfunandeducationaltodoinMaryland,whynotvisittheMarylandScienceCenter?Itislocatedat601LightStreet,Baltimore.Theticketpricesvarydependingonages,groupsandtheexhibitsyouchoose.Clickhereformoreinformation.TheMarylandScienceCenterisbasicallyamuseum,butitgiveseveryoneachancetolearnthroughexperienceandplay,ratherthanjustglanceatanexhibit.ActivitiesYoucanlearnaboutvarioustopics,includingouterspace,thehumanbody,dinosaurs，electricity，marine（海洋的）biology，energy，andmuchmore.Youcanalsotakepartintheinteractiveactivities,suchasracingbubbles,diggingfordinosaurfossils,usingpuzzlepiecestoconstructcars,andsomuchmore.TheDavisPlanetarium（天文馆）AttheDavisPlanetarium,youcanbebackinachairandlookatthestarswhilestillinsidetheScienceCenter.Thestarswillappearontheceilingofthetheatreasyouwatchthem.TherearedifferentshowstocatchattheDavisPlanetarium.YoucanlearnaboutthegalaxyandastronomyduringtheDarkMattersshow.LearnaboutthestarsandplanetsduringtheSkyLiveshow.TheOneWorldOneSkyshowallowschildrentoexplorethestars.TheLivefromtheSunshowwillteachyouallaboutthehotsun.TheKidsRoomForchildren,theycan'tmisstheKidsRoom.Theywillbeabletoplayinawaterarea,constructdamsandwatertowers,pushbuttons,ringdoorbells,buildwithblocks,andmore,anddefinitelytheywilllearnalot.Inaddition,thereisalsoanareaforkidsoftwoyearsoldandunder,wheretheycancrawl,walkandexploresafelywithsofttoys.21.Ifyouwanttoknowwhythesunshines,whichshowshouldyouchoose?A.TheDarkMattersshow.C.TheLivefromtheSunshow.B.TheSkyLiveshow.D.TheOneWorldOneSkyshow.22.WhatdoweknowabouttheMarylandScienceCenter?A.Itchargesdifferentpricesforadultsandkids.B.ItisregardedasthemostpopularmuseuminMaryland.C.Itisamuseumwheretherearemanyfamousexhibitions.D.Itismainlydesignedforchildrenandtheirfamiliestoplaytogether.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelplan.C.Aneducationalmagazine.B.Anacademiccolumn.D.Anonlineadvertisement.B200,000milesfromEarth,thecrewofthethirdmannedmissiontotheMoonfacedanastronaut'sworstnightmare:anexplosiononthespacecraft.It'swhathappenedintheOscar-winningfilmApollo13,butit'salsoatruestory.Thelift-offofApollo13tookplaceon11thApril1970.Twodaysintothemission,thethree-mancrewwereinbigtrouble.Theyhadbeencarryingoutroutinecheckswhentherewasaloudbang.Warninglightswerestartingtoflash.Lookingoutintospace,theycouldseeatrailofgas-thespacecraftwasleakingoxygen.TheysentoutashortmessagetothescientistsbackonEarth:“Houston,we’vehadaproblemhere.”Atfirst，theythoughtthatameteor（流星）hadhitthem，buttheylaterfoundoutthatashortcircuithadcausedanoxygencontainertoexplode.Whateverthecause,theyknewtherewasnotimetolose.Theirelectricitysupplyinthecommandmodule（指令舱）dependedonthatoxygenandprettysoontheywouldrunoutofboth.Theonlysolutionwastomoveintothelunarmodule-thesectionofthespacecraftthatwouldhavelandedontheMoon.Nowthough,theywereusingitasakindoflifeboat.Withitsownpowersupply,oxygenandwater,thethreemencouldsurviveinthelunarmoduleandreturntoEarth.Therewasanotherproblemthough.Inanenclosedspacelikealunarmodule,thecarbondioxidethecrewwasbreathingoutwasdangerous.Theequipmenttocleartheairofcarbondioxidewasonlybuiltfortwopeople.Nowithadtodealwiththree.Amazingly,thecrewmanagedtobuildanadapteroutofmaterialsonboardtoreducethecarbondioxidetoasafelevel.Therewasonefinalhindrance.Thelunarmodulewasn'tstrongenoughtore-enterEarth'satmospheresothecrewhadtogobackintothedamagedcommandmodule.Toeveryone'srelief,thecrewofApollo13arrivedsafelyintheSouthPacificOceanonApril17th.Althoughthecrewdidn'tlandontheMoon,NASAstillconsideredthemissionasuccess.24.Whatwastheastronauts'firstreactiontotheexplosion?A.TheywentouttolandontheMoon.B.TheyinformedscientistsonEarth.C.Theymovedintothelunarmodule.D.Theylookedintothecauseoftheexplosion.25.Howdidtheastronautssolvetheirairsituationinthelunarmodule?A.Bymovingbacktothecommandmodule.B.Byloweringthecarbondioxidelevel.C.Bycreatinganewoxygensupply.D.Bylimitingtheoxygenuse.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphmean?A.Surprise.C.Obstacle.B.Mission.D.Circumstance.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ASuccessfulMissionC.DecpSpaceExplorationB.AnAmazingAdventureD.Life-and-DeathDramainSpaceCIntheolddays,whenyouhadtodrivetoamovietheateror,toavideostoretogetsomeentertainment,itwaseasytoseehowyouractionscouldhaveanimpactontheenvironment.Youwerehoppingintoyourcar,drivingacrosstownandcoughingoutemissionsandusinggasalltheway.Butnowthatwe'reusedtostayingathomeandstreamingmovies,wemightgetalittlecocky.Afterall,wearejustpickingupourphonesormaybeturningontheTV.You’rewelcome.MotherNature.Notsofast,saysarecentreportfromtheFrench-basedShitProject.Watchingahalf-hourshowwouldleadto3.5poundsofCO2emissions.That'slikedriving3.9miles.Accordingto"ClimateCrisis:TheUnsustainableUseofOnlineVideo”,digitaltechnologiesareresponsiblefor4%ofgreenhousegasemissions,andthatenergyuseisincreasingby9%ayear.Storedindatacenters,videosaretransferredtoourterminalssuchascomputers,smartphones,etc.vianetworks.AlltheseprocessesrequireelectricitywhoseproductionconsumesresourcesandusuallyinvolvesCO2:emissions.IntheEuropeanUnion,theEURECAprojectleadscientist,RabihBashroush,calculatedthat5billiondownloadsandstreamsofthesong"Despacito"consumedasmuchelectricityasthecountriesofChad,Guinca-Bissau,Somalia,SierraLeoneandtheCentralAfricanRepublicusedinasingleyear.Streamingisonlyexpectedtoincreaseaswebecomemoreattachedtoourdevices.Onlinevideouseisexpectedtoaccountfor80%ofallinternettrafficby2023accordingtoCISCO.Bythen,about60%oftheworld'spopulationwillbeonline.You'reprobablynotgoingtogiveupyourstreamingservices,buttherearethingsyoucandotohelplessentheimpactofyouronlineuse.Herearesometips:Disableautopaytorvideoonsocialmedia.StreamoverWi-Fi,notmobilenetworks.Watchonthesmallestscreenyoucan.Don’tusehigh-definition（高清晰度的）videoondevices.28.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph2thatpeoplethink A.theyshouldwelcomeMotherNatureB.watchingmoviesathomeismorefunC.itisinconvenienttodrivetoamovietheaterD.streamingathomeavoidspossibleemissions29.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Driving3.9milesmayproduce3.5poundsofCO2.B.Digitaltechnologiesaccountfor4%ofelectricityuse.C.Onlinevideousemakesup80%ofallinternettraffic.D.60%oftheworld'spopulationwatchvideosonline.30.Whyarcthefivecountriesmentionedinparagraph4?A.Topraisetheirenergy-efficientpractice.B.Toprovethepovertyofthefivecountries.C.Tostressthepopularityofthesong“Despacito".D.Toshowthehighenergyuseofdownloadsandstreams.31.Howcanpeoplehelptosaveenergywhenstreaming?A.Byusinghigh-definitionvideo.B.Byturningoffvideoautopay.C.Bystreamingovermobilenetworks.D.Bywatchingmoviesonbiggerscreens.DLearningissocomplexthattherearemanydifferentpsychologicaltheoriestoexplainhowpeoplelearn.ApsychologistnamedAlbertBandurasuggestedasociallearningtheorywhichshowsthatobservation,imitation,andmodelingplayaprimaryroleinthisprocess.InAlbertBandura'sopinion,peoplecanlearnthroughobservation.Observationallearningdoesn'tevennecessarilyrequirewatchinganotherpersonjoininanactivity.Wecanalsolearnbyreading,hearing,orwatchingtheactionsofcharactersinbooksandfilms.However,justobservingsomeoneelse'sactionsisn'talwaysenoughforlearning.Yourownmentalstatealsoplaysanimportantroleindeterminingwhetherabehaviorislearnedornot.Inaddition,thoughinmanycases,learningcanbeseenimmediatelywhenthenewbehaviorisdisplayed,yetsometimeswecanlearnthingseventhoughthatlearningmightnotbeimmediatelyobvious,whichmeanspeoplecanlearnnewinformationwithoutshowingnewbehaviors. Notallobservedbehaviorsareeffectivelylearned.Certainrequirementsneedtoberelatedtotheobservationallearningprocess.Forexample,youneedtobepayingattention.Alsoyourmemoryisanimportantpartofobservationallearningasyouneedtopullupinformationlaterandactonitduringtheprocess.Onceyou'vepaidattentiontothemodelandkepttheinformation,it'stimetoactuallyperformthebehavioryouobserved.Furtherpracticeofthelearnedbehaviorleadstoimprovement.Finally,youhavetobemotivatedtoimitatethebehaviorthathasbeenmodeled.Sociallearningtheoryhavemanyreal-worldapplications.Forexample,researchersemployittolookintoandunderstandwaysthatpositiverolemodelscanbeusedtoencouragedesirablebehaviors.Besides,it'salsoappliedinthefieldofeducation,andtoday,bothteachersandparentsrecognizehowimportantitistomodelappropriatebehaviors.32.Whatcanweinferaboutobservationallearningfromparagraph2?A.Itseffectsonapersontendtobeveryobvious.B.Itseffectivenessisdeterminedbythementalstate.C.Itdoesn’tnecessarilyleadtoachangeinbehavior.D.Itsmostusefulmeansmightbewatchingandlearning.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph3referto?A.Model.B.Information.C.Memory.D.Observationallearning.34.WhatmightNOTberequiredwhenperformingobservationallearning?A.Tryingtobefocused.B.Tryingtobeimaginative.C.Lookingforamotivator.D.Editingandstoringinformation.35.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesociallearningtheoryaccordingtothetext?A.Itisofpracticaluse.B.Itremainstobeimproved.C.Itwaseffectiveatfirst.D.Itiseasilyandwidelyapplied.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It'smorethan384,000kmfromEarth.Wecanseeitmostnights.Andit'snotmadeofcheese!Iam,ofcourse,talkingabouttheMoon.Astronautshavetakengiantstepstoexplorethisnaturalsatellitefloatinginspace,butdespiteitbeingoutofreachformostofus,36.TheMoon,obviously,providesmoonlight.Afullmoon,seenroughlyonceamonth,canlightupourwayonanotherwisedarknight.Butwhilethislunarlightcanbeimpressivetolookat,37.Onestudyshowedthatduringoraroundthefullmoon,thosestudiedspentlesstimeindeepsleep,sleptforlesstimeandreportedhavingpoorersleep.Despitesleepinginadarkroomnotexposedtomoonlight.38.Onestudysuggestedanimalsaremorelikelytobiteusduringafullmoon.Andmanymoonsago,itwasthoughttheMooninducedlunacy-thewordderivesfromtheLatinword"lunatizes',meaning'moonstruck',andevolvedfromtheideathatcelestialchangescouldcauseperiodsofinsanity.39.Theywillavoidafullmoonatallcostsbecause,althoughtheaddedmoistureinthesoilatthistimemaygiveafullerandjuiciergrape,theadditionalwateristhoughttodilutethetasteofthefruit,whichresultsinalesssuccessfulvintage.TheMoonmightaffectourbehaviourtoo.WritingaboutthisforBBCFuture,ClaudiaHammondexplainsoneinterestingtheory.JustastheMoon'sgravitationalpullaffectsthetides,itexertsitsinfluenceonthewaterinourbodies.Butshepointsout“theMoonissmallerthantheEarth,soitsgravitationalpulliscorrespondinglylesspowerful.What’smore,itexertsthesameforceonusregardlessofwhetherit'sneworfull.”40.So,liketheMoonbeingmadeofcheese,wemustbecarefulwhatwebelieve!A.itcanaffectoursleepingpatternsB.itstillmovesusinmysteriouswaysC.greatachievementshavebeenmadebyusD.TherearemanytheoriesabouthowtheMooncanaffectotherthingstooE.EvenwinemakerslooktotheMoonwhenplantingandpruninggrapevinesF.ResearchintoancientmythsabouttheeffectsofthelunarcycleonusisongoingG.Scientistsattachgreatsignificancetospaceexplorationaboutthelunarcycleonus第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Susanknowsthe41ofagooddoll.“Dollshaveapowerwedon't42understand,”shesaid.It'sa(n)43shecametowhileworkingasasocialworkerusingdollstohelpheryoungclients44theirchangingmedicalsituations.Manyofthekidssawthemselvesinthosedolls.Butforthekids45alegorwhohadlosttheirhair,therewerenonetheycouldrelateto.So,sevenyearsago,whenafriend46thatherchildhadbeendisabledbecauseofacaraccident,Susan,now49,knewwhatmighthelptheyouththroughthispotentially47period.Susanwentaboutchangingthat.Shecraftedadollbyhandthat48herfriend'schildandsentitoff.49spread,andsoonSusanwasmakingdollsforchildrenwithscarsandbirthmarks-inshort,adollthatlookedlikethem.Sheeven 50herjobandstartedanonprofit.A-DollLikeMe.Fromphotos51byparentsorcaregivers,ittakesher52sevenhourstocrafteachdoll.Shehasn't53foradollsinceshebeganhernonprofit.The54islong，butSusanisunbowed（不屈服的）．Assheexplains，“Everykid，55gender,ethnicity,age,medicalissue,orbodytype,shouldlookintothesweetfaceofadollandseetheirown.”41. A. joy B. belief C. identity D. value42. A. completely B. gradually C. casually D. temporarily43. A. restriction B. explanation C. conclusion D. consequence44. A. runinto B. adaptto C. tendto D. referto45. A. shaking B. hurting C. missing D. treating46. A. interrupted B. revealed C. changed D. regretted47. A. inspiring B. precious C. exciting D. challenging•18. A. abandoned B. approached C. resembled D. repaired49. A. Word B. Truth C. Rumor D. Confidence50. A. cherished B. got C. quit D. did51. A. expected B. sent C. donated D. earned52. A. unwillingly B. honestly C. partly D. roughly53. A. charged B. recognized C. recalled D. demanded54. A. comfortzone B. bottomline C. waitinglist D. topsecret55.A.bycomparisonwith B.inadditiontoC.regardlessof D.insteadof第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChengduDuFuThatchedCottage,56(locate)bytheBlossomBathingBrookofChengduCity,istheformerresidenceofDuFu,agreatpoetofTangDynastyofChina.InthewinterofAD759,DuFuandhisfamily57(flee)toChengduinordertoseekrefugefromthe“RebellionofAnLushanandShiSiming".BesidethebeautifulBlossomBathingBrook,hebuilta'thatchedcottagenamed“ChengduThatchedCottage",58helivedfornearly4years.59allthepoemshewrotethere,morethan240arestillread.ThesemonumentalpoemsendowtheCottagewithprofoundculturalsignificance,60(make)itasacredlandinthehistoryofChineseLiterature.Coveringanareaof190,000squaremeters,theCottageisthebiggest,bestpreservedand61(distinctive)relicinmemoryofDuFuinChina.Inthecenterofthehall,abronzestatueofDuFu,madebyLiuKaiqu,afamoussculptorofourcountry,62(place)inthecenterofthehall.ChinesecriticsfromtheSongDynastyreferredtoDuFu63the“poet-historian".BothbeforeandaftertheAnLushanRebellion,DuFuwitnessedatypicalpoliticalandsocialsituation.Thecommonpeoplestilllivedin64(poor)whiletheemperorandhistopofficialsenjoyedafoolishlyluxuriouslife.Hecomposedmanypoemssuchas“SongoftheWarChariots”,“ThreeOfficials”,and“ThreeDepartures",65heexpressedinhispoemsarethedissatisfactionwiththegovernmentandhisgreatpityforthecommonpeople.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你校将举办以“NatureIsOurBestTeacher”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你以“ALessonfrom ”为题写一篇演讲稿参赛。内容包括：1．描述一个事物或者自然现象（如：水滴石穿）；2．陈述你从中获得的启发。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ALessonfromALesson