考研考博-英语-四川文理学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川文理学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,pettycrimes.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.

Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.

Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetime,someofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.

Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness—asheseesit―ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detectivesfeel,isthatnine-tenthsoftheirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.

Thismakesthemrathercynical.

1.Apolicemanhastobetrainedincriminallawbecause（

）.

2.Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,policemenspendmostoftheirtimeandefforts（

）.

4.What’sthepoliceman’sbiggestheadache?

5.Whydopolicemenfeelseparatedfromtherestoftheworld?

问题1选项

A.hemustworkhardtohelpreformcriminals

B.hemustbehaveasprofessionallawyersdo

C.hemustbeabletotellwhenandwhereacrimeiscommitted

D.hemustjustifythearrestshemakesofcriminals

问题2选项

A.Dangerous

B.Demanding

C.Distressing

D.Dramatic

问题3选项

A.patrollingthestreet,rainorshine

B.trackingandarrestingcriminals

C.collectingandprovidingevidence

D.consultingtherulesoflaw

问题4选项

A.Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.

B.Hehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.

C.Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerouscriminalcases

D.Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense

问题5选项

A.Becausetheydonotreceiveduesupportfromsociety.

B.Becausetheyfindpeopleinsincerewiththem.

C.Becausetheyfeelsuperiortosimple-mindedpeoplearoundthem.

D.Becausetheyaresuspiciousofthepeoplearoundthem.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第二段，“Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.”，可知第一个区别是警察的现实生活是围绕着刑法的，他必须知道什么行为是犯罪，什么证据可以在法庭上证明他们所逮捕的人确实有犯罪行为。可判断出警察必须接受刑法方面的训练的原因在于要能证明他所逮捕的人是罪犯。选项D符合题意。

2.判断推理题。根据文章中对警察的相关描述，“apoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw…heoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence…therealoneistheunpleasantpressures…”，可知警察需要懂法律，需要在逮捕过程中收集证据，需要承受不快的压力等等，可判断出最能描述警察这个职业的词为demanding“要求高的”，选项B符合题意。

3.判断推理题。根据文章第四段，“Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.”，可知在现实生活中，找到罪犯在很多情况下并不是什么大问题。又根据第五段，“Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.”，可知逮捕之后，才真正开始侦探的工作了。他必须在法庭上证明自己的观点，为此他经常需要收集很多不同的证据。可判断出警察需要把大量的时间和精力花在寻找和收集证据上。选项C符合题意。

4.判断推理题。根据文章第六段，“Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.”，可知第三个最大的区别就是不快的压力，首先，他们总是必须绝对依法行事。其次，作为公务员，他们必须取得成效。可判断出警察必须在不违反任何法律的情况下达到最理想的结果。选项A符合题意。

5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness…insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.”，可知如果侦探要侦破这个世界，世界往往会欺骗他。他遇到的任何人几乎没有一个告诉他真相。侦探会感到自己与外界的这种隔阂加深了。在警察想要消除犯罪的时候，而其他人可能希望给罪犯改过自新的机会而对其从轻处罚。可判断出警察与世界隔离的原因在于他们没有得到人们应有的支持。选项A符合题意。

2.单选题

Hewasabeautifulhorsethatlookedasthoughhe______outofapaintingbyXuBeihong.

问题1选项

A.come

B.hascome

C.iscoming

D.hadcome

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：它是一匹很漂亮的马，好像是从徐悲鸿的画里出来的。asthough引导的虚拟语气与过去事实相反时，从句用过去完成时。主句Hewasabeautifulhorse是过去时，所以从句用过去完成时hadcome。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Paperbacknovelsinthe1940’sand1950’softenhad

coverstoattractreaders’attention.

问题1选项

A.murky

B.lurid

C.legitimate

D.pale

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：20世纪40年代和50年代的平装小说经常有骇人听闻的封面，以吸引读者注意力。因此选B。

4.单选题

Theshipwas（）inastormoffJamaica.

问题1选项

A.owned

B.sunk

C.wrecked

D.submitted

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。此处考查的是动词过去分词形式作为形容词使用的词义，A选项owned“自身拥有的”；B选项sunk“凹陷的；低沉的；失去希望的”；C选项wrecked“失事的”；D选项submitted“屈服的”。句意：这艘船在牙买加附近的风暴中……。“风暴”与“船”联系在一起，符合常理的就是“失事”了，C选项正确。

5.单选题

Farmingisstilltheworld'sgreatestindustry.Onaverage,overhalfofthepopulationspendtheirlivesploughingthesoil,plantingseeds,harvestingcrops,andraisinganimalswhichprovideuswithmeat,milk,eggs,wool,leather,andmanyotherproducts.Traditionalfarming,inwhichmostofthehardworkonthefarmisdonebymanuallaborandanimals,isstillpracticedinmanycountries.Buttraditionalmethodscannotproduceenoughfoodtocopewiththegreatexplosioninpopulation.

Onlywithmodernmethodsoffarming——usingmachinestoreplacemenandanimals,artificialfertilizerstoenrichthesoil,andchemicalstokeepweedsanddiseasesundercontrol,canmanhopetoavoidacatastrophicworldfoodshortage.FormingmethodsarewelladvancedinmostpartsofEuropeandNorthAmerica,andfarmerselsewherearebeinghelpedbysuchorganizationsastheUnitedNationsFoodandAgriculturalOrganization(FAO)tomodernizeasquicklyaspossible.

Machineryhasbroughtaboutthegreatestrevolutioninfarming.Byfarthemostimportantmachineisthetractor,whichisusedforpullingmanykindsofimplements——ploughstobreakupthesoil,drillstosowtheseeds,trailerstocarrymanure,andsoon.Inthisrespectitdoesthesamekindofworkasteamsofhorses,oroxenoncedid.Butatractordoesmorethanjustpull.Italsoprovidespowertodriveothermachinery,suchasmowingmachines,andpotatoharvesters.

Thestandardtypeoftractorhastwomassivewheelsattherearandtwosmallonesatthefront,butthosedesignedfortravelingoverheavygroundorforpullingheavyloadshavecaterpillarorcrawlertracks.Tractorssupplypowertodriveothermachineryeitherthroughapulleywheeldrivenbytheengineorbymeansofwhatiscalledpowertake-off(p.t.o).Inp.t.o.drive,themovingpartofthemachinethetractorispulling,suchastheknifebladeofamower,isturneddirectlybyashaftdrivenbytheengine.

Amongthemanyotherfarmmachines,combineharvestersareprobablythemostimportant.Theyaresocalledbecausetheycombinetheactionsofreapingandthreshing.Cerealsarethemain,butnottheonlycropsthatareharvestedwiththecombine.Peasandbeanscanalsobeharvestedwithit.

Growingplantstaketheirnourishmentfromthesoil.Theyneedcertainessentialelements,particularlycalcium,nitrogen,phosphorus,andpotassium,iftheyaretogrowwell.Itstandstoreasonthataftereverycroptherewillbelessoftheseelementsremaininginthesoilforasubsequentcrop.Toensureagoodcropeverytime,farmersapplyfertilizerstothesoilbeforeplantingtoreplacetheessentialelementsthepreviouscropremoved.

Thefarmer'straditionalfertilizerisfarm-yardmanure,arottedmixtureofdungandstraw.Itimprovesthetextureofthesoilaswell.Butthereisnotenoughmanuretosupplytheneedsofamodernfarmer,andartificialfertilizersarewidelyusedinstead.Thereareavarietyofartificialfertilizers,eachsupplyingcertainoftheessentialelements.Sulphateofammoniasuppliesnitrogen,superphosphateoflimesuppliesphosphorus,bonemealsuppliesbothnitrogenandphosphorus,sulphateofpotashsuppliespotassium,andtherearemany,manymore.Superphosphateisprobablyoneofthemostwidelyusedofallthefertilizers.Limeisalsoaddedtothesoilonalargescale.Itisvaluablenotonlyasafertilizerbutalsoasasoilconditioner.

Ofcourse,stimulatingcropsintobettergrowthmakestheweedsgrowbetter,too!Fortunatelythechemisthascometotheaidoffarmersanddevelopedselectiveweed-killers,properlycalledherbicides,forusewiththeircrops.Herbicideshaveaselectiveactioninthattheykilltheweedsbutleavethecropunharmed.Theyareusedparticularlywiththecerealcrops.Chemistshavealsodevelopedawiderangeoffungicidestokillfungusdiseases,suchaspotatoblightorrustnwheat,whichcoulddevastatethecrops.Farmerswagecontinualwaragainstinsects,too.Maggots,beetles,andweevilscandountolddamageiftheyarenotchecked.Again,modernsciencehasproducedpowerfulinsecticidestoprotectcropsagainstinsectattack.

1.Whatisthesymboloftraditionalfarming?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,tractor（）.

3.Tosupplytheneedsofmodernfarming（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

5.Theword"revolution"inline1ofparagraph3canbebestreplacedby（）.

6.Theword"they"inline2ofparagraph5refersto（）.

7.Thephrase“cometotheaidof”inline2ofthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.

问题1选项

A.Ploughingthesoil,plantingseeds,harvestingcropsandraisinganimals.

B.Enrichingthesoilwithartificialfertilizers.

C.Hardfarmworkisdonebymanuallaborandanimals

D.Ploughingthesoilwithtractors.

问题2选项

A.doesthesamekindofworkasteamsofhorses,oroxenoncedid

B.isusedtobreakupthesoilsowtheseedsandcarriesmanure

C.replacesbothmenandanimalsandprovidespowertodriveothermachinery

D.hastwomassivewheelsattherear

问题3选项

A.growingplantsneedcertainessentialelements

B.farmersapplymanurebeforeplanting

C.stimulatingcropsintobettergrowthalsohassideeffect

D.artificialfertilizersarewidelyused

问题4选项

A.therearetremendousdifferencesbetweentraditionalfarmingandmodemfarming

B.inmodernfarmingtractorisessential

C.fertilizersarethesymbolofmodemfarming

D.farmersseldomapplymanurenow

问题5选项

A.gradualchange

B.completechange

C.suddenchange

D.slowchange

问题6选项

A.generalfarmmachines

B.farmers

C.tractors

D.combineharvesters

问题7选项

A.runheretohelp

B.cometothearea

C.offerhelpto

D.serveasanaide

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:C

【解析】1.根据第一段第三句“Traditionalfanning,inwhichmostofthehardworkonthefarmisdonebymanuallaborandanimals,isstillpracticedinmanycountries.”许多国家仍在实行传统农业,在这种农业中,大多数繁重的劳动是由体力劳动和由动物来完成的。选项C符合原文。

2.根据第三段最后两句“Inthisrespectitdoesthesamekindofworkasteamsofhorses,oroxenoncedid.Butatractordoesmorethanjustpull.Italsoprovidespowertodriveothermachinery...”拖拉机所做的工作与以前的马或牛一样,但是拖拉机不仅仅如此,它还可以为其他机器提供动力。由此可知,选项C符合原文。

3.根据倒数第二段第三句“Butthereisnotenoughmanuretosupplytheneedsofamodemfarmer,andartificialfertilizersarewidelyusedinstead.”没有足够的肥料供应现代农民的需求,所以人工肥料被广泛使用。选项D与原文描述一致。

4.结合一二段的内容可知,现代农业和传统农业有很大的差异,选项A正确；选项B和C表述太绝对；选项D在文中没有提及。

5.根据句意：机器的出现对于农业来说是一个巨大的变革,也就是说农业发生了彻底的变化,选项B最符合原文语境。

6.结合上下文以及句意可知,这里的they指的是上句提到的combineharvesters,选项D正确。

7.根据下文可知,除草剂可以杀死杂草,但不伤害作物。由此可知cometotheaidof指提供帮助,所以选项C正确。

6.单选题

TV,radioandnewspaperareimportant（

）foradvertising.

问题1选项

A.features

B.broadcasting

C.publications

D.media

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项feature“特色，特征”；B选项broadcast“广播”；C选项publication“出版，发表”；D选项media“媒介”。句意：电视、广播和报纸是广告的重要媒介。选项D符合句意。

7.单选题

PresidentArlinghasputhislong-awaitedeconomicrestructuringprogrambeforetheCongress.Itprovidesacoordinatedprogramofinvestmentcredits,researchgrants,educationalreforms,andtaxchangesdesignedtomakeAmericanindustrymorecompetitive.Thisisnecessarytoreversetheeconomicslideintounemployment,lackofgrowth,andtradedeficitsthathaveplaguedtheeconomyforthepastsixyears.ThemostliberalwingofthePresident’spartyhascalledforstrongerandmoredirectaction.TheywantanincomespolicytocheckinflationwhileFederalfinancinghelpsrebuildindustrybehindawallofprotectivetariffs.TheRepublicans,however,decryeventhemodest,graduatedtaxincreasesinthePresident’sprogram.

Theywanttaxcutsandamoreopenmarket.TheysayifFederalmoneyhastobeinjectedintotheeconomy,letitthroughdefencespending.

Boththesealternativesignoretheuniquenatureoftheeconomicproblembeforeus.Itisnotsimplyamatterofmarketsorfinancing.Thenewtechnologyallowsvastlyincreasedproductionforthoseabletomasterit.

Butitalsothreatensthosewhofailtoadoptitwithpermanentsecond-classcitizenshipintheworldeconomy.Ifanindustrycannotleveritselfuptotheleadingstageoftechnologicaladvances,thenitwillnotbeabletocompeteeffectively.Ifitcannotdothis,noamountofgovernmentprotectionismoraccesstoforeignmarketscankeepitprofitableforlong.

Withouttheprofitsandexperienceoftechnologicalexcellencetoreinvest,thatindustrycanonlyfallstillfurtherbehinditsforeigncompetitors.

SothecruxisthetechnologyandthatiswherethePresident’sprogramfocused.Thedangerisnotthataplanwillnotbepassed,itisthattheideologuesofrightandleftwilldistortthebillwithamendmentsthatwillbluritsfocusontechnology.Theeconomicrestructuringplanshouldbepassedintact.

Ifwefailtorestructureoureconomynow,wemaynotgetasecondchance.

1.ThefocusofthePresident’sprogramison____.

2.WhatistherequirementofthemostliberalwingoftheDemocratic-party?

3.Whatistheeditor’sattitude?

4.Thedangertotheplanliesin

____.

5.Thepassageis

____.

问题1选项

A.investment

B.economy

C.technology

D.tax

问题2选项

A.Theywantamoredirectaction.

B.Theywantanincomespolicytocheckinflation.

C.Theywanttorebuildindustry.

D.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs.

问题3选项

A.Support.

B.Distaste.

C.Disapproval.

D.Compromise.

问题4选项

A.thetwoparties’objection

B.differentideaofthetwopartiesabouttheplan

C.itspassage

D.distortion

问题5选项

A.areview

B.apreface

C.anadvertisement

D.aneditorial

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.【选项释义】

ThefocusofthePresident’sprogramison____.总统项目的重点是____。

A.investmentA.投资

B.economyB.经济

C.technologyC.技术

D.taxD.税收

【答案】C

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息focusofthePresident’sprogram可定位到倒数第二段第一句，该处讲到“所以关键是技术，这也是总统项目的重点所在（thecruxisthetechnology）”因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“投资”，是总统计划中涉及到的部分但并不是关键，属于本末倒置；

B选项“经济”，范围太广，太笼统；

D选项“税收”，是总统计划中的一部分但也不是关键，属于本末倒置。

2.【选项释义】

WhatistherequirementofthemostliberalwingoftheDemocratic-party?民主党中最自由派的要求是什么？

A.Theywantamoredirectaction.A.他们想要一个更直接的行动。

B.Theywantanincomespolicytocheckinflation.B.他们想要一个收入政策来遏制通货膨胀。

C.Theywanttorebuildindustry.C.他们想重建工业。

D.Theywantawallofprotectivetariffs.D.他们想要保护性关税壁垒。

【答案】A

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到Para.1第四句，该处讲到“总统政党中最自由的一派呼吁采取更有力、更直接的行动（strongerandmoredirectaction）”。因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“他们想要一个收入政策来遏制通货膨胀”，属于行动中的一部分，该选项以偏概全；

C选项“他们想重建工业”，属于行动中的一部分，该选项以偏概全；

D选项“他们想要保护性关税壁垒”也是该行动中的一部分，以偏概全。

3.【选项释义】

Whatistheeditor’sattitude?编者的态度是什么？

A.Support.A.支持。

B.Distaste.B.厌恶。

C.Disapproval.C.反对。

D.Compromise.D.妥协。

【答案】A

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】文中作者说到“如果一个行业不能把自己提升到技术进步的领先阶段，那么它就不能有效地竞争”。也就是说作者赞同新计划，发展新技术。同时他还强调了新技术在未来发展的作用。作者又提到“如果我们现在不能重组我们的经济，我们可能不会有第二次机会。”因此作者的态度应该是支持的。因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B“厌恶”、C“反对”、D“妥协”选项错误。

4.【选项释义】

Thedangertotheplanliesin____.这个计划的危险在于____。

A.thetwoparties’objectionA.双方的反对意见

B.differentideaofthetwopartiesabouttheplanB.双方对这个计划有不同的看法

C.itspassageC.它的通过

D.distortionD.扭曲；曲解

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息dangertotheplan可定位到倒数第二段第二句，该处讲到“在于左右两派的理论家会通过修正来扭曲法案（distortthebillwithamendments）”。比对选项，D选项恰好是此信息的同义转换，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“双方的反对意见”，属于无中生有；

B选项“双方对这个计划有不同的看法”，属于无中生有；

C选项“它的通过”，文中明确提到“危险不在于一项计划不会被通过”，因此C选项为反向干扰。

5.【选项释义】

Thepassageis____.这篇文章是____。

A.areview

A.一个回顾

B.aprefaceB.一个前言

C.anadvertisementC.一则广告

D.aneditorialD.一篇社论

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据文章内容可知，该文章是作者对美国经济计划的客观描述。这是对大事件的报道。因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“一个回顾”，指回想过去发生的事情。而该文章描述的是一个经济计划，因此属于无中生有；

B选项“一个前言”，指写在书或者文章前的序言或导言，该篇文章是一个陈述并非引导，属于无中生有；

C选项“一则广告”，广告应该要宣传什么，不符合文章内容，属于无中生有。

8.单选题

Humanbeingsspendalotoftimetryingtofigureoutwhatwillmakethemhappy,butnotnearlyenoughtimetryingto（

）thehappinesstheyalreadyhave.

问题1选项

A.hangonto

B.putupwith

C.lookdownon

D.goinfor

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。hangonto意为“紧紧握住”；putupwith意为“忍受，容忍”；lookdownon意为“看不起，轻视”；goinfor意为“从事”。句意：人类花了很多时间试图找出什么会使他们快乐，但却没有足够的时间去尝试把握他们已经拥有的幸福。

9.单选题

Threeyearsago,FrenchentrepreneurGaryCigewashelpingafriendhangamirrorinhiscountryhousewhentheyrealizedtheyneededadrill.Butwheretogetone?Buyingonewouldcost150Euros,ahugewasteconsideringtheyneededitforonlyhalfanhour.AndsinceitwasSunday,everyrentalshopwouldbeclosed.YetasCigerealized,theywerelikelysurroundedbydrills.Oddsare,atleastoneofhisfriend’sneighborshadadrillthatwassittingidle.Whywasn’ttheresomeeasywaytofindadrilltorent—forjustafewbucks?

Propelledbythatidea,CigecofoundedZilok,astartupthatofferspreciselythisservice:Peoplepostpossessionsthey’rewillingtorentout,alongwithaprice.Cige’sWebsiteprocessesthefee,tracksthereputationofyourrentingpartner,and—inFrance—evenissuesinsuranceforyouritem.Aftertwoyearsinbusiness,Zilokhas150,000itemslisted,with6,000transactionsamonth,andit’sthefastest-growingrenterofcarsinFrance.

Peertopeerrenting—andsimilarservices—hasboomedinthepastfewyears.SomeworklikeZilok,whileothersletpeopleexchangethingstheyown(suchasbookandCDsatSwaptree).Afewevenletyoutakeadvantageofspacethat’slyingfallow,likeSharedEarth,wherelandownershookupwithgardeners.

Inessence,we’reseeinganewrelationshiptoproperty—whereaccesstrumpsownership.We’reusingbitstohelpusshareatoms.Thegeniusofthesesitesisthattheymakeavirtueofmodernsociety’secologicalsin:oversupply.Indevelopedcountries,we’reprosperousbuthorriblywasteful.Webuytonsofthingsweuserarely—andwhichsitunusedinbasementsandstoragelockers.

Peerrentingandsharingis,ofcourse,anoldidea.Butitnevertookoffbefore,forlogisticalreasons;itwastoohardtoconnectmillionsofrenterstoowners.TheInternet’sBayesianabilitytomakemarketssolvedthatproblem.Thenetalsoprovidescrucialglue,asthenewstartupZimrideproves.Ride-sharingsystemshavehistoricallypeteredoutbecauseitcanbekindofcreepytopickupstrangers.Soinstead,ZimrideletspeoplesharerideswithfriendsoffriendsfromFacebookthrougheitherFacebookConnectornetworksitsetsupforindividualorganizations.“Thelimitingfactorbeforewastrust,”ZimridecofounderLoganGreensays,“andFacebooksolvedthat.”

Besidestheenvironmentalbenefits,thereareeconomicones.SomeusersofZilokmakemorethan$1,000amonthcirculatingtheirpossessions.Granted,it’snotenoughtoquityourdayjob,butalittleextradoughforalmostnoeffortneverhurts.

Aspeer-to-peerrentingandswappingevolves,toolslikegeolocationandmicropaymentscouldmakeitevensmootherandmoreubiquitous.RachelBotsman,coauthorofWhat’sMineIsYours—anewbookthatdocuments“collaborativeconsumption”—envisionsaworldinwhicheveryone’sstuffreportsitsstatusinrealtime:Whereistherightnow?Isitavailableforusebysomeoneelse?

Yourpropertycouldcirculatefordaysormonths,makingyourmoneyinsteadofmoldinginyourgarage“We’refacingarevolutioninthewaywethinkofownership,”Botsmansays.Or,toputitotherway,yourdrillmaybemydrill,too.

1.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingistrueofZilok?

3.Peer-to-peerrentingessentiallyfeatures

（

）.

4.ItcanbeconcludedthatthesuccessofZimridemainlyliesintheabilityof（

）.

问题1选项

A.bringingupahypothesis

B.givinganexample

C.tracingbacktheorigin

D.makingacomparison

问题2选项

A.Itisresponsibleforpricingtheitemsforrent.

B.ItoffersthefastestcarrentalservicesinFrance.

C.Itprovidesinsuranceforvaluableitemsrented.

D.Itdevelopsvigorouslyinthepastfewyears.

问题3选项

A.flexibleownership

B.awiderangeofservices

C.high-techmarketing

D.ecologicalconservation

问题4选项

A.persuadingpeopletosharerides

B.establishingtrustamongstrangers

C.buildingavastinterpersonalnetwork

D.findingsufficientpotentialcustomers

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的第一句Threeyearsago,FrenchentrepreneurGaryCigewashelpingafriendhangamirrorinhiscountryhousewhentheyrealizedtheyneededadrill.（三年前，法国企业家GaryCige帮助一位朋友在他的乡村别墅挂一面镜子，这时他们意识到自己需要一个钻头）和最后一句Whywasn’ttheresomeeasywaytofindadrilltorent—forjustafewbucks?（为什么找不到一个简单的方法来租钻头——只要几元钱呢？）可知作者通过讲述GaryCige创立Zilok的起源来介绍他的主题，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Peoplepostpossessionsthey’rewillingtorentout,alongwithaprice.（人们把他们愿意出租的财产连同价格一起贴出来）可知与A选项“它负责定价物品的租金”不符；由第二段中的it’sthefastest-growingrenterofcarsinFrance（它拥有的汽车租赁用户数量增加最快）可知与B选项“它提供法国最快的汽车租赁服务”不符；由第二段中的and—inFrance—evenissuesinsuranceforyouritem.（并且在法国甚至可以给你出租的物品上保险）可知与C选项“它为租用的贵重物品提供保险”不符；通过排除法，因此选D。

3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的whileothersletpeopleexchangethingstheyown.（而让人们可以交换他们自己的东西）和第四段中的Inessence,we’reseeinganewrelationshiptoproperty—whereaccesstrumpsownership.（从本质上讲，我们看到的是一种新的财产关系——在这种关系中，使用权高于所有权）可推测面对面租赁最本质的特征是灵活的所有权，因此选A。

4.推理判断题。由文章第五段中的ZimrideletspeoplesharerideswithfriendsoffriendsfromFacebook...Thelimitingfactorbeforewastrust.（Zi