高考天津卷英语试题解析(正式版)(原卷版)

绝密★启用前2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时 100分钟。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第I卷注意事项：每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45分）第一节：单项填空（共 15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白学 #科网处的最佳选项。例： Standoverthere you例： Standoverthere you’A.or B.and答案是B。—Albert’sbirthdayisonnextSaturday,andI— .I’llbringsomewine.SoundslikefunC.Justaminutellbeabletoseeitbetter.C.butD.while’mplanningasurprisepartyforhim.ItdependsD.YouarewelcomeMyroomisamess,butI cleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.Icandoitinthemorning.A.daren’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t—IwanttoseeMr.White.Wehaveanappointment.

—I’msorry,butheisnot atthemoment,forthemeetinghasn ’tended.A.busy B.active C.concerned D.availableSheaskedme Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn ’t.A.when B.where C.whether D.whatMr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughter ,getmarried,andhavekids.A.settleddown B.keepoff C.getup D.cutinNowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming, asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.A.regard B.isregarded C.areregarded D.regards—MichaelwaslateforMr.Smith ’schemistryclassthismorning.— AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.A.Sowhat B.Whynot C.Whocares D.HowcomeI downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.A.wasdriving B.havedriven C.woulddrive D.droveMyeldestson, worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.A.thatB.whoseC.hisD.whoA.thatB.whoseC.hisD.whoIwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain .A.catching B.caught C.tocatch D.tobecaughtItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartment Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.A.who B.where C.which D.thatWhenyoudrivethroughtheRedwoodForestsinCalifornia,youwillbe treesthatareover1,000yearsold.A.among B.against C.behind D.belowWeofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents. ,weexpectstudentstoworkhard.A.Onaverage B.Atbest C.Inreturn D.AfterallThehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment, morepatientstobetreated.A.beingallowed B.allowing C.havingallowed D.allowed

一DoyouhaveBettysphonenumber—Yes.Otherwise,Iabletoreachheryesterday.A.hadn'tbeen B.wouldn'thavebeenC.weren't D.wouldn'tbe第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分 30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A>BCD四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AtmyheaviestIweighed370pounds.Ihadaverypoorrelationshipwithfood:Iuseditto 16 badfeelings,tomakemyselffeelbetter,andtocelebrate.Worriedaboutmyhealth,Itriedmanydifferentkindsof17butnothingworked.IcametobelievethatIcoulddonothingaboutmy18 .WhenIwas50,myweightproblembegantoaffectme 19 .Ididn'twanttolivetherestofmylifewiththis20weightanymore.Thatyear,I21aseminarwherewewereaskedtocreateaprojectthatwouldtouchtheworld.Aseminarleadersharedher22story—shehadnotonly125lostpounds,butalsoraised$25,000forhomelesschildren.23byherstory,IcreatedtheAsWeHeal（痊愈）,theWorldHeals24 .Mygoalwastolose150poundsinoneyearandraise$50,000 25amovementfounded30yearsagotoendhunger.Thiscombinationofhealingmyselfandhealingtheworld26meastheperfectsolution.27Ibeganmyownpersonalweightprogram,IwasfilledwiththefearthatIwould28thesamedifficultiesthatbeatmebefore.Whilethe29hungovermyhead,therewerealsosignsthatIwasheadeddowntheright30 .IsentletterstoeveryoneIknew,tellingthemaboutmyproject.Itworkedperfectly.Donationsbegan31infromhundredsofpeople.Ofcourse,Ialsotooksomepracticalstepstoloseweight.Iconsultedwithaphysician（内医生）,Ihiredafitnesscoach,andIbegantoeatsmalland32meals.Myfund-raisingfocusalsogavemenewmotivationtoexercise33 .Ayearlater,I34mygoal:Ilost150poundsandraised$50,000!IfeelthatI 'vebeengivenlifetodevotetosomethingthatis35andenormous.16.A.addB.mixC.killD.share

16.A.addB.mixC.killD.share17.A.dietsB.drinksC.fruitsD.dishes18.A.heightB.abilityC.wisdomD.weight19.A.temporarilyB.recentlyC.seriouslyD.secretly20.A.idealB.extraC.normalD.low21.A.attendedB.organizedC.recommendedD.mentioned22.A.folkB.successC.adventureD.science23.A.SurprisedB.AmusedC.InfluencedD.Disturbed24.A.projectB.businessC.systemD.custom25.A.insearchofB.inneedofC.inplaceofD.insupportof26.A.scaredB.consideredC.confusedD.struck27.A.AsB.UntilC.IfD.Unless28.A.getoverB.runintoC.lookforD.putaside29.A.excitementB.joyC.angerD.fear30.A.rowB.hallC.pathD.street31.A.breakingB.floodingC.jumpingD.stepping32.A.heavyB.fullC.expensiveD.healthy33.A.regularlyB.limitlesslyC.suddenlyD.randomly34.A.setB.reachedC.missedD.dropped35.A.stressfulB.painfulC.meaningfulD.peaceful第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASupposeyou’reinarush,feelingtired,notpayingattentiontoyourscreen,andyousendanemailthatcouldgetyouintrouble.Realisationwillprobablysetinsecondsafteryou’veclicked“send”.Youfreezeinhorrorandburnwithshame.WhattodoHerearefourcommonemailaccidents,andhowtorecover.Clicking“send”toosoonDon’twasteyourtimetryingtofindoutifthereceiverhasreadityet.Writeanotheremailasswiftlyasyoucanandsenditwithabrieftitleexplainingthatthisisthecorrectversionandthepreviousversionshouldbeignored.WritingthewrongtimeThesooneryounotice,thebetter.Respondquicklyandbriefly,apologisingforyourmistake.Keepthetonemeasured:don’thandleittoolightly,aspeoplecanbeoffended,especiallyifyourerrorsuggestsamisunderstandingoftheirculture.incorrectorderingofChinesenames）.Clicking“replyall”unintentionallyYouaccidentallyreveal（透露）totheentirecompanywhatmenuchoicesyouwouldpreferatthestaffChristmasdinner,orwhatholidayyou’dliketotake.Inthisinstance,thebestsolutionistosendaquick,light-heartedapologytoexplainyourawkwardness.Butitcanquicklyrisetosomethingworse,wheneveryonestartshitting“replyall”tojoininalongandunpleasantconversation.Inthisinstance,stepawayfromyourkeyboardtoalloweveryonetocalmdown.SendinganoffensivemessagetoitssubjectThemostawkwardemailmistakeisusuallycommittedinanger.Youwriteanunkindmessageaboutsomeone,intendingtosendittoafriend,butaccidentallysendittothepersonyou’rediscussing.Inthatcase,asktospeakinpersonassoonaspossibleandsaysorry.Explainyourfrustrationscalmlyandsensibly—seeitasanopportunitytoclearupanydifficultiesyoumayhavewiththisperson.Afterrealisinganemailaccident,youarelikelytofeel .A.curiousB.tiredC.awfulD.funnyIfyouhavewrittenthewrongnameinanemail,itisbestto .apologiseinaseriousmannertellthereceivertoignoretheerrorlearntowritethenamecorrectlysendashortnoticetoeveryoneWhatshouldyoudowhenanunpleasantconversationisstartedbyyour “replyall”emailTryofferingotherchoices.Avoidfurtherinvolvement.Meetotherstaffmembers.Makealight-heartedapology.HowshouldyoudealwiththeproblemcausedbyanoffensiveemailBypromisingnottooffendthereceiveragain.Byseekingsupportfromthereceiver’sfriends.Byaskingthereceivertocontrolhisanger.Bytalkingtothereceiverfacetoface.WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutDefiningemailerrors.Reducingemailmistakes.Handlingemailaccidents.Improvingemailwriting.BFifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforapanoramic（全景的）viewofthebluesea,whitebuildingsandgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.WasittoomuchtoaskhertomovesoIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandscapeSure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn’twanttomesswiththat.Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho “ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaptured（捕捉）andfrozenonsomestranger’sbedroomwallAbedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon’tevenknowhasbeenimmortalized（使 永存）.Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.Perhapsweallliveineachothers’spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweallshareacommondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetweentwowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.WhathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphotoHercamerastoppedworking.Awomanblockedherview.Someoneaskedhertoleave.Afriendapproachedfrombehind.Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably .enjoyingherselflosingherpatiencewaitingforthesunsetthinkingaboutherpastIntheauthor’sopinion,whatmakesthephotosoaliveTherichcolorofthelandscape.Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.Thewoman’sexistenceinthephoto.Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.Thephotoonthebedroomwallenablestheauthortobetterunderstand .theneedtobeclosetonaturetheimportanceofprivatespacethejoyofthevacationinItalythesharedpassionforbeautyThepassagecanbeseenastheauthor’sreflectionsupon .A.aparticularlifeexperience B.thepleasureoftravelingC.theartofphotography D.alostfriendshipCThismonth,Germany’stransportminister,AlexanderDobrindt,proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles（自主驾驶车辆 ）.Theywoulddefinethedriver’sroleinsuchcarsandgovernhowsuchcarsperformincrasheswherelivesmightbelost.Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe “deathvalley”ofautonomousvehicles:thegreyareabetweensemi-autonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture.Dobrindtwantsthreethings:thatacaralwayschoosesproperty（财产）damageoverpersonalinjury;thatitneverdistinguishesbetweenhumansbasedonageorrace;andthatifahumanremoveshisorherhandsfromthedrivingwheel—tocheckemail,say—thecar’smakerisresponsibleifthereisacrash.“Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving,”saysDobrindt.Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers,hesays.Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcarmakers,consumersandlawyers.“Theliability（法律责任 ）issueisthebiggestoneofthemall,”saysNatashaMeratattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,insiststhatahuman “bewatchfulandmonitoringtheroad”ateverymoment.Butthatisnotwhatmanypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverlesscars. “Whenyousay‘driverlesscars’,peopleexpectdriverlesscars.”Meratsays.“Youknow—nodriver.”Becauseoftheconfusion,Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehiclescanbefullyautomatedwithoutoperation.Driverlesscarsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown,saysRyanCaloatStanfordUniversity,California.ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,wheregovernment-provideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched.ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however.“Theideathatthegovernmentwouldtakeoverdriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere,”saysCalo.Whatdoesthephrase“deathvalley”inParagraph2refertoAplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown.Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible.Anareawherenodrivingispermitted.Asituationwheredrivers’roleisnotclear.TheproposalputforwardbyDobrindtaimsto .stoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficruleshelppromotefullyautomaticdrivingprotectdriversofallagesandracespreventseriouspropertydamageWhatdoconsumersthinkoftheoperationofdriverlesscarsItshouldgettheattentionofinsurancecompanies.Itshouldbethemainconcernoflawmakers.Itshouldnotcausedeadlytrafficaccidents.Itshouldinvolvenohumanresponsibility.Driverlessvehiclesinpublictransportseenobrightfuturein .A.Singapore B.theUK C.theUS D.GermanyWhatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassageAutonomousDriving:WhoseLiabilityFullyAutomaticCars:ANewBreakthroughAutonomousVehicles:DriverRemoved!DriverlessCars:RootofRoadAccidentsDIreadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeoursTounderstandtheissue,let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”.TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall.Takefillingupthekitchensink（洗碗池）asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.WhiledoingaWatched-PotWait,wetendto .keepourselvesbusygetabsent-mindedgrowanxiousstayfocusedWhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWaitTheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control.TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections.TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWaitItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait.Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult.ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait.Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhope.WhatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaitingTakeitseriously.Don’trelyonothers.Dosomethingelse.Don’tloseheart.Theauthorsupportshisviewby .exploringvariouscausesof“waits”describingdetailedprocessesof“waits”analyzingdifferentcategoriesof“waits”revealingfrustratingconsequencesof“waits”第II卷注意事项：用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Intheyearsofmygrowingup,Dadwasstrictwithme.HemadesureImademybedanddidmyhomework.Hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.Igotsoangrywithhimforlayingdownthelaw.Iwouldscream,