2020高考英语完形填空最全解题技巧,建议人手一份!(附高频词汇)

2020高考英语完形填空最全解题技巧,建议人手一份!（附高频词汇）在历年的高考中完形填空一直都是困扰考生的一大难题，这类题型主要是考查学生的词汇、固定搭配、语法等语言知识的综合能力，它既反映出学生阅读理解能力，又体现了学生在语境中的逻辑判断能力。一、解题原则先语义后语法近几年，单纯的语法题几乎从完型填空类题型中消失，几乎每一题的四个选项都符合语法规则，如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就陷入了答题误区，理解文章的大意并结合语言结构对每个空格作出判断，方为上策。答案要从文中找近义词或词组辨析逐渐成为完形填空常挖空的热点考点。四个选择项要么是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么就是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示。二、解题步骤快速浏览，重视首句；通读全文，先易后难；复读全文，验证答案。三、解题技巧1.利用重复词语、派生词或者近义词等解题完形填空题的文章一般都会前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复的现象，或者出现其派生词、近义词等，这类题目一般比较容易解答。例如：ATuFcmtomanisof&ringafreeroutid-tlie-worldairtickettotherightwoman,But4[r^lricliunsiapply,YoumusthenamedElizabethsindhaveuCanitdiEin4^pas-sport.JordanAxanL2SLsaidheandhisthengirlfriend,ElizabethGallag]terTbookedheavilydiscountedromid-tlie-worldairticketsinMay,buttheir43I'El/iomhipendedandhedadnotwantherticketto44妙【o训貂1匚Thetickethadastrictno-Iransler（个可转11：）斗于pulic矢bulsincepiissporlmfbmiialicuiwasluMrequiredv/hen46booking^CanadicinElizabethGallaghercan斗7us?it.（莉箱MH金国卷!11）42.A.originB.pysspcrlC.accentD.Iriend子〉tHlBTbutsincepassportinfomi艮tioiiwd呂门ot『巳qiitrEd*,掘示了木趣答案“2.利用逻辑关系解题所谓的逻辑关系其实并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，还有可能会渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如果能充分利用这些逻辑关系词，我们就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系。Every艸所谓的逻辑关系其实并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，还有可能会渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如果能充分利用这些逻辑关系词，我们就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系。Every艸arabout40,000ptoplcattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestnnounlaininAirica.They41brinawithtkemlotsThe42cT（jw<hmi^htdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Dieglacsers（JI|）aredisappearin^,chantzin^tlie43曲匚cofKslimatijaro.上kiddnglllysCslOrlcs,1'rti44skcpliealiiboutlheplate：dcstinrttiotiiartdescribedns''purer"口^.lurnlexperiences.[{owiver,Isoon45discoverthatjmiclihaschangedsincetheday^ofdisturbingreportsofcampsamongtonsofrubbish,〔节选自201勺令国卷O45.A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate解析：A上一段提到作者对于有关色力马扎彗山被汚染的消息感到怀純，本句开头however^示转折.作若很快发现事灾并卄如此「3.利用上下文线索解题对于大部分完形填空题目，我们需要通过上下文线索解题。有些解题的线索就在题目的附近。

＜节选A2019全田卷＜节选A2019全田卷［■）41.A.keepR.inixC.connectD.bring解折：d根据牢前-句据到毎年人釣mug人试国嫌晋北洲晟高峰——乞力马扎罗山，空厉-旬捉到……可能破坏这•地方的美丽，可知此空选brin即即登山者带米了大蛍的垃圾」Evci'yyciir<ibcni(40h000pcupletemptLoizlimbKJLEi沁寸tnu,ththi帛husimountai]!inAiiica.They41hrinjgwiElithemlotsoiwaste.File42crowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplace,['hegSaciersJ11)aredisappearing,chatigingthe43缶gofKilimunjuro.利用文化背景知识和生活常识解题有些完形填空的文章渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。高中生应掌握丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识具备了一定的价值判断能力。在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地顺着作者的思路阅读下去。So.irv53fillhi嚣upyourotherwork.Thisiswhythertisa54（节选自却⑷浙江卷）savingth<iLify-ou^'anlsciiielhmiJdcmetaska_55busypers-unduit.（节选自却⑷浙江卷）54.A.messageB.slcryC.sayingD.lad分析’C根据®文’作者别用了一旬谚i乐故进^yin®排除干扰，去伪存真在做完形填空题目时，有时会遇到这种情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项却有显而易见的错误，这时，我们可以尝试用排除法。利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。41DyJ<iiiLi-ury2石*Billy<tndtluntze-oiliercLiildrenlt<iddied.Twentymorewere42siek-^N^me^stownofficialscameupwitha{ti)43plaiiFTheywouldhavetiiemcdieincsentby44raiLirtimAtichcragctobJ^nana.bromthere,dogs.ledI》句扌立乜丫韬\drivcis—kijowtias"uaislhurs"―wuuld45caiL-ryittuNuuieijlarelay(擡力I.【节选自20」6北京卷J41”A.From13.OnC.ByD.After解析：匚tw十时问「丐左戍时连;n,后跟过去的时间，用过去先成时：跟檢來的时问，用将来完成时I此处表示到]月2石号时，比虫和共他二个小孩已经去世r=利用固定搭配解题习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力。f好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力。f我盹43Infill吧日【I爼irZed巳汩I”乱LByronBnywh亡匚亡ye讥亡e5Uppu鸵<1lo4旷己.Thebaywas4勺bathedinsunshine,andtherewasagroup-ofkayakersaround]50mt>ffthefthorc,ticttiiigaliittl<46蹬osu1nIrealizedonekayak划遛)wh,in4?txiubb,"SonKlhin旦冷not48rigjilfItookoil'myT-shirland49divedink?thewaiter.[sawthereweretwoinstnictorsonbeardandatnanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewhs-丸Ehskiiizviolently,Linkijigarmswithoneoftheinstructors,1helped51£自n~¥(hgy6Un^man.ollt<jfihtWttlir.H*W说sUncunsuiuLiiJnd自sIlookedAth也iacehsomething52occuit亡<1tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53fdmili±ir.'■(节选自2018全国卷口)47.A.trouble13,advanceC.questionD,battle解析：A根ffil(oofcoffrtiyT-s.hirland…和Hiw油uncanscions可知选trouble;inLroubleLt遇到了麻烦"；inadvani!ek£ffi前"：inquestion^iEM讨论的；被怀疑的??inbattle^加战役叫备考干货完形填空以考查动词、名词、形容词和副词为主，不仅涉及到对文章上下文语境的理解，更会考查它们的近义词的辨析，而动词又是最容易让同学们混淆的，下面是近年来高考英语完形填空中常涉及到的动词高频词等的大汇总，供同学们对比记忆哦！“看"：look;see;watch;observe;notice;catchsightof;stare;glare;glance;glimpse;seeafilm;watchTV“说”：tellsthtosb.=tellsbsth;talkwithsbaboutsth;saysth;speakinEnglish;whispersthtosb;informsbofsth;reason/talk/persuadesbintodoingsth;bargain;chat;repeat;explain;warn;remind;discuss;debate;figure;declare;claim;mention;admit;deny;describe;announce;introduce;complain“叫"：cry;call;shout;scream;moan;sigh;quarrel“问”：ask;interview;express;question“答”：answer;respond;reply“听”：listento;hear;pickup;overhear“笑”：smile;laugh;burstintolaughter;burstoutlaughing“哭”：cry;shedtears;weep;sob;burstintotears/burstoutcrying“吃/喝”：eat/drink;sip;haveameal;havesupper;toast;taste;treatsbto;helponeselfto“穿”：puton;wear;haveon;bedressedin;makeup;getchanged;beinred;takeoff;remove“行”：walk;run;climb;jump;skip;slip;come/go;enter;move;drive;ride;fly;crawl“坐”：sitdown;beseated;seatoneself;takeaseat,stand;lean“睡/休息”：lie/onone'sback/onone'sside/onone'sstomach;stayinbed;havearest;takeanap;beasleep;bend;turnover;rest“写”：dictate;writesth;describe;dropaline;draw;takedown/writedown“拿/放”：take;bring;hold;carry;fetch;lif;put;lay;pull;push“抓”：takeholdof;seize;grasp;scratch“打”：hit;beat;strike;blow;attack“扔”：throw;drop;fall;wave;shake“送”：send;deliver;give;offer;seeoff“摸/抱”：ouch;fold;embrace;hug;hold;inone'sarms“踢/碰”：kick;knock;tip“找/查”：find;lookfor;findout;discover/explore;huntfor;searchfor;seek,seekforinsearchof;searchsb;searchsp.forsth;check;examine;test;inspect“得”：get;obtain;acquire;gain;possess“失”：lose;belost/bemissing/gone;greatloss“有”：have;own;conquer;occupy；possess“无”：nothingleft;theremainingthing;disappear;bemissing/gone“增/减”：rise/goup,drop;raise;bringdown/reduce;increase/decrease“买/卖”：buy;purchase;afford;pay;payoff;payfor;sell;onsale;bargain;bill/cheque/cash/creditcard/notes/coins;discounts“存在/消失”：comeintobeing;exist;appear;survive;live;show;turnup;disappear;die;dieout;passaway;beoutofsight“变化”：develop;improve;become;grow;go+bad/wrong/sour;turn+colour;change/changeinto;reform“成功/失败"：makeit;succeed;makeprogress;cometrue;realizeone'sdream;win;lose;failtodo;defeat;sufferloss;beat;oreality“努力"：try/manage;makeefforts;attempt;doone'sbest;doasmuchasonecantodo祝贺：congratulatesb.onsth.;celebrate;observe;gettogether敬佩：admire;respect;showrespectfor/to;adore;envy;bejealousy赞美/批评：praise;thinkhighlyof;blamesbforsth;sbistoblame;criticize/scoldsb.forsth.;havealowopinionofsb;speakillof喜/恶：like;love;befondof;bekeenon;becrazyabout;adore;beinto;prefer;enjoy;dislikehate;ignore到达：arriveat;reach;returnto;getto;stayinsp.;visit;leave;leavefor受伤：hurt;injure;wound;cut;kill;drown;bleed;getburnt;sufferfrom;sufferaloss损坏：damage;destroy;ruin;breakdown;crash;bebroken修复：repair;rebuild;restore;fix;recoveroneself“认识的过程”：feel;sense;guess;suppose;wonder;doubt;know/learnrealizeunderstandremember;befamiliarwith;recall;recite;applyto认为;判断：think;believe;consider;find;feel;conclude;infer;doubt想/考虑：thinkof…as...;thinkabout;consider;thinkover支持/反对：agree;disagree;accept;receive;refuse;turndown;beagainst;elect;votefor/against花费：sth/doingsth+cost;sb+spend+(in)doingsth;sb+afford+n/todosth;It+takes/tooksometime/money/energytodosth;sbpaysomemoneyforsth.省/存钱：save/saveup;setaside;putaway参加：takepartin;join/joinin;attend;competein/for/against控告：accusesb.of;chargesb.with救治/帮助：help/helpout;save/rescuesbfromsth.;treat;curesb.ofsth;aidsbindoingsth/todosth;helpsbwithsth;assistsbindoingsth逃避：runaway;escapefrom;flee;hide阻止/禁止：prevent/keep/stopsb.fromdoingsth;forbiddoingsth.;ban;prohibit对付/处理：handle/dowith/dealwith/tackle/overcomesth;solve;settle效仿：copy;imitate;learnfrom;learn爆发/发生：comeabout;happento;takeplace;breakout;burstout;gooff;explode安装/装备：fasten;fix;set;equip;bearmedwith;beequippedwith追求：pursuit;ranafter;seekafter;chase;catchupwith;keepupwith建议：adv.ise;suggest;recommend;propose;urge;demand;persuade打算：plan/intend/designtodo;begoingtodo/beabouttodo/willdo似乎/好象：seem;appear;looklike;asif/asthough开办/关闭：open;start;setup;close/closeup;end;closedown假期vacation，holiday，springbreak，leave，twodaysoff旅游trip,journey,tour,voyage,travel,tourist,passenger职务人员clerk,secretary,passer-byfriend,minister,manager,waitress,guest,host,hostess,assistant,customer,adult,neighbor,relative,patient,vet,staff,crew,nurse,teacher,conductor,tailor,sailor,inventor,gardener,guard餐馆/定餐/就餐inn,restaurant,kitchen,menu,bill,order,tip,forkandknife,reserve/booktable,tastedelicious,salad,vegetables,fruit,tray,napkin诊所/看病/服药clinic,hospital,takeone'stemperature,takemedicine/pills,haveafever/flu/headache,doctor,physician,surgeon,specialist,patient车站/机场airport,onboard,missthetrain/bus,catchatrain,meetsb.身体部位arm,head,hair,brain,waist,back,shoulder,pulse,wrist意志will,courage,patience,determination,faith,effort,confidence,ambition,energy才能/品质talent,gift,ability,potential,intelligent,promising,smart,stupid,careful,proud,strict,honest,cold,serious,easy-going,learned,knowledgeable优缺点adv.antage,disadv.antage,strength,weakness,merit,drawback,strongpoint,shortcoming目标aim,goal,intention,purpose,belief,faith方式means,method,way,manner,approach身体素质strong,weak,pale,sick,ill,well,slim,fit,cutweight,putonweight图表photo,picture,graph,drawing,table,line/bargraph,piechart,drawasketch（划草图）文章reading,translation,essay,poem,paper,novel,fictionarticle.magazine，newspaper，journal，diary，files课堂class,course，lecture，example，reason，message，notes，words，phrase，scholarship，degree，subject，question，trouble，difficulty，grades，comment，marks学校活动match,game,activity,holdameeting/debate/speech/ceremony建议/观点adv.ice,suggestion,idea,proposal,view,recommandation气候/天气climate,weather,storm，wind，cloud，rain，snow，hotness,coldness，heat,warmth交通bytrain/bus/boatbike,onthetrain/bus/abikedriveacar,rideabike,givesb.alift/ride习惯habit,custom,practice（惯例）感觉sight,hearing,touch,smell,taste,sense情感feeling,emotion,anger,delight,sadness,sorrow财富money,possessions,wealth,belongings,fortunes,treasure,diamond运动比赛playground,trackandfiled,pitch,event,game,match,sports,player,coach,judge,jogging,weightlifting,volleyball,soccerimmediateadj.立即的，立刻的，马上clearadj.清楚的,清晰的cautiousadj.小心翼翼的vividadj.生动的,逼真的exactlyadv.①确切地,精确地②恰好地,正好地③（用于答语）完全正确。（的确这样）fortunatelyadv.幸运地surprisinglyadv.令人惊讶的hardlyadv.几乎不9.insteadadv.代替，相反properlyadv.适当地；正确地；恰当地speciallyadv.专门reliableadj.可靠的，可信赖的simplyadv.简单地；仅仅，只不过namelyadv.即，也就是notnearly=farfrom=nowherenear远非，远远不，一点也不patientadj.耐心的；n.病人plainadj.简单的，朴素的fam订iaradj.熟悉的luckyadj.幸运的amazingadj.令人惊异的accidentallyadv.①偶然地；意外地②附带地silentadj.沉默的calmadj.平静的，冷静的secretadj.秘密的otherwiseadv.否贝0meanwhileadv.期间，同时besidesadv.除…以外还有efficientadj.高效的，有效的flexibleadj.灵活的complexadj.复杂的smoothadj.平稳的，光滑的，顺利的regularlyadv.定期的，有规律的sensitiveadj.敏感的，体贴的honestadj.诚实的confidentadj.自信的shyadj.害羞的，羞涩的thoughtfuladj.①深思的，沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的38.lightheartedandoptimisticadj.无忧无虑而且非常乐观的neverthelessadj.然而privateadj.私人的(privatecars)personaladj.个人的(personalbelongings)uniqueadj.唯一的，独一无二的；独特的favorableadj.赞同的，有利的preciousadj.宝贵的，珍贵的essentialadj.必要的，重要的worthwhileadj.值得的physicaladj.身体的，物理的suddenadj.突然的merelyadv.仅仅，只=onlyrarelyadv.罕见的splendidlyadj.极好地，灿烂地52.increasinglyadv.越来越多地