考研考博-英语-北京警察学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京警察学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

MalaysiaandIndonesiarelymuchonopenmarketsforforestandfisheryproducts,（

）,someAsiancountriesarehighlyprotectionist.

问题1选项

A.deliberately

B.conversely

C.evidently

D.naturally

【答案】B

【解析】考察副词词义辨析。deliberately“故意地，谨慎地”；conversely“相反地”；evidently“显然，明显地”；naturally“自然地”。句意：马来西亚和印度尼西亚依靠林业和渔业产品开放市场。相反，亚洲一些国家实行高度的保护。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Peoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthosewholivingin（）populatedareas.

问题1选项

A.abundantly

B.intensely

C.densely

D.intensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项abundantly“丰富地，大量地”；B选项intensely“强烈地”；C选项densely“浓密地，密集地”；D选项intensively“集中地，广泛地”。根据句中的关键词“than”可知，前后形成对比。句意：住在小城镇的人似乎比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好。人口稠密用“denselypopulated”，所以选项C正确。

3.翻译题

Totalitarianismisthepolarcaseofsuchbureaucraticconcentrationofpowerthatdestroysdemocraticprocessess,butnottheonlyone.Thesametendencycanbeobservedinpoliticalmachinethattransferthepowerthatlegallybelongstovoterstopoliticalbosses,inbusinesscorporationsthatvestthepowerthatrightfullybelongstostockholdersincorporationofficials,inthoseunionsthatbestowthepowerthatrightfullybelongstorank-and-filemembersuponunionleaders.Thesecasesleadsomewriterstocontendthatthepresenttrendtowardbureaucratizationspellsthedoomofdemocraticinstitution.Thismaywellbetoofatalisticaviewpoint,buttherecanbenodoubtthatthistrendconstitutesachallenge.Toprotectourselvesagainstthisthreat,whilecontinutingtoutilizetheseeffcientadministrativemechanisms,wemustfirstlearnfullytounderstandhowbureaucraciesfunction.

【答案】【参考译文】

极权主义是这种官僚权力集中破坏民主进程的极端例子，但不是唯一的例子。在其他方面也可看到相同趋势：政治机器将合法属于选民的权力转移给政治领袖；商业公司将合法属于股东的权力授予公司高层；一些工会将应赋予普通成员的权力给工会领导人。这些案例使一些作家认为，目前的官僚主义趋势预示着民主制度的灭亡。这可能是一个偏宿命论的观点，但毫无疑问，这种趋势（给我们）带来了一种挑战。在我们继续使用这些有效行政机制时，为了保护自己不受这种威胁，必须首先充分了解官僚机制是如何运作的。

4.单选题

Apartfromaninteresting-lookingcarveddagger,heboxwasfullofcrockery,muchofit（）.

问题1选项

A.break

B.tobreak

C.breaking

D.broken

【答案】D

【解析】句意：除了一柄式样别致、雕有花纹的匕首外,货箱内装满陶器,而且大部分都已破碎。分词作状语,花瓶应该是被打碎的,所以用broken。

5.单选题

Basketball,（

）1891byCanadianJamesNaismith,wasneverintendedtobeanythingmorethananinterestingstyleofhandsoccerforuniversitystudents.

问题1选项

A.whenitwasinventedin

B.whichinvented

C.wasinventedin

D.whichitwasinventedin

【答案】A

【解析】语法（从句）题目。分析题干结构可知空格后一句是真正的主句，所以空格所在句是一个从句，所以排除C选项；从句是修饰Basketball，是被动关系，排除B选项，which在引导定语从句时，需在从句中充当成分，所以排除D选项;所以正确答案是A选项，是一个表示时间的状语从句。

6.单选题

TheearlyyearsoftheUnitedStatesgovernmentwerecharacterizedbyadebateconcerning______orindividualstatesshouldhavemorepower.

问题1选项

A.whetherthefederalgovernment

B.eitherthefederalgovernment

C.thatthefederalgovernment

D.thefederalgovernment

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：美国政府早期的特点是一场关于是联邦政府还是州政府应该拥有更多权力的辩论。根据题目划分句子成分可知，concerning到句子结尾是修饰debate的后置定语，横线到句子结尾是修饰concerning的状语从句；either…or“或者……或者……”，whether…or…“是……还是……”，结合语境A选项whetherthefederalgovernment符合题意。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Theracial,intellectualandeconomicpoliciesoftheNationalSocialistPartywerecarriedoutwithunprecedentedruthlessness.

问题1选项

A.cruelty

B.contempt

C.caution

D.concession

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.cruelty（尤指蓄意的）残酷，残忍B.contempt蔑视，轻蔑

C.caution谨慎，小心D.concession让步，妥协

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】ruthlessness的意思为“无情，残忍”，指的是国家社会党实施政策的方式非常残忍，cruelty与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】国家社会党的种族、知识和经济政策以前所未有的残暴方式进行。

8.单选题

Hejoinedacomputerdatingscheme（）butsofarithasn’tasuitablepatter.

问题1选项

A.comeby

B.comeacross

C.comeupwith

D.comeroundto

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查了词组的辨析。comeby“经过”；comeacross“偶遇；偶然发现”；comeupwith“想出”；comeroundto“改变主意”，此处只有使用词组comeacross表示“偶然”才符合句子的语义逻辑，故正确答案为选项B。句意为：他偶然加入了一个计算机日程计划，但是到目前为止它还没有一个合适的模式。

9.单选题

FastReading

Newspapers

Newspapersaretheoriginalformofbroadbandcommunication,adistinctionnotalwaysrecognizedintheageoftheInternet.Longbeforewehadcomputers,televisions,radios,telephonesandtelegraphs,newspaperswerethecheapestandmostefficientwaytoreachmassaudienceswithnews,commentaryandadvertising.Newspapers,fromtheirbeginningsashand-printed“broadsheets”,havebeenatruerandom-accessmedium-readerscanmoveeasilyandquicklythroughthedifferentsectionsofanewspaper,returningtothemdaysorevenweekslater.Andbecauseanewspaper’s“software”consistsofacommonlanguage,itpossessesauniversalandtimelessquality.

WhatDidtheGrowthofTVNewsMeantoNewspapers?

Withthegrowthoftelevisionnewsinthe1960s,newspapersconfrontedtheirfirstformidablecompetitor.Today,ABCNewsclaimsthatmoreAmericansgettheirnewsfromABCthanfromanyothersource—andit’sprobablytrue.TheUnitedStates’1,600dailynewspaperscontinuetoservemillionsofreaders,butnewspapersarenolongerthecountry’sdominantmassmedium.Howtosurviveandevenflourishinaculturemoreattunedto（吻合）electronicmediathantoprinter’sinkisthemostseriousissuefacingthenewspaperindustryasitentersthe21stcentury.

ItissafetosaythatnewspapersarenotabouttofollowtheMorsetelegraphintooblivion.Newspapersareaportableconvenientmedium.Noonelugsacomputermonitortothebreakfasttabletogetthemorningnews.And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.

WhatExactlyIsNewsandHowDoesItWork?

Curiously,forapublicationcalledanewspaper,noonehasevercoinedastandarddefinitionofnews.Butforthemostpart,newsusuallyfallsunderonebroadclassification-theabnormal.Itishumanfolly,mechanicalfailuresandnaturaldisastersthatoften“makethenews”.Reportersareanewspaper’sfront-lineeyesandears.Reportersglean（收集）informationfrommanysources,somepublic,suchaspolicerecords,andothersprivate,suchasagovernmentinformant.Occasionally,areporterwillgotojailratherthanrevealthenameofaconfidentialsourceforanewsstory.Americannewspapersproudlyconsiderthemselvesthefourthbranchofgovernment—thewatchdogbranch—thatexposeslegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.

Somereportersareassignedtobeats,oranareaofcoverage,suchasthecourts,cityhall,education,business,medicineandsoforth.Othersarecalledgeneralassignmentreporters,whichmeanstheyareoncallforavarietyofstoriessuchasaccidents,civiceventsandhuman-intereststories.Inthemovies,reportershaveexciting,frenzied（狂热的）anddangerousjobsastheyliveafamouspronouncementofthenewspaperbusiness:“Comforttheafflictedandafflictthecomfortable.”Althoughafewmembersofthemediahavebeenkilledasaresultofinvestigationsintowrongdoing,newspaperworkforthegreatmajorityofreportersisroutine.

Allreportersareultimatelyresponsibletoaneditor.Dependingonitssize,anewspapermayhavenumerouseditors,beginningwithanexecutiveeditorresponsibleforthenewsdivision.Immediatelybelowtheexecutiveeditoristhemanagingeditor,thepersonwhooverseestheday-to-dayworkofthenewsdivision.Othereditors―sports,photo,state,national,featuresandobituary（讣告）,forexample—mayalsoreporttothemanagingeditor.

However,thebestknownandinsomewaysthemostcrucialeditoristhecityormetroeditor.Thisistheeditorthatreportersworkfordirectly.Thecityormetroeditorassignsstones,enforcesdeadlinesandisthefirsttoseereporters’rawcopyonthecompositionsystemorcomputernetwork.Theseeditorsarecalledgatekeepers,becausetheycontrolmuchofwhatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaper.Oftenworkingunderthestressofbreakingnews,theirdecisionstranslatedirectlyintothecontentofthenewspaper.

Oncethecityormetroeditorhasfinishededitingareporter’srawcopy,thestorymovesfromthecompositionsystemviathecomputernetworktoanotherpartofthenewsdivision,thecopydesk.Here,copyeditorscheckforspellingandothererrorsofusage.Theymayalsolookfor“holes”inthestorythatwouldconfusereadersorleavetheirquestionsunanswered.Thecopydeskchiefroutesfinishedstoriestoothereditorswhofitlocalandwireservicestories,headlines（writtenbytheeditor—notthereporter!）anddigitalphotographsontopages.Newspapersareincreasinglydoingthiswork,calledpagination（分页）,withpersonalcomputersusingsoftwareavailableatanyofficesupplystore.MicrosoftWindows,WordandQuarkExpressarethreeprogramsthat,thoughnotdesignedfornewspaperproduction,areeasilyadaptedforit.

WhatAretheEditorialPagesAllAbout?

Anewspaperpublishesitsviewsoncurrentevents-bothlocalandnational-onitseditorialpages.Thisiswhereeditorials,unsignedcommentarythatreflectsthecollectivepositionofthenewspaper’seditorialboard,appear.Editorialsarenotnews,butratherreasonedopinionbasedonfacts.Forexample,editorialsmaycriticizetheperformanceofpublicofficialssuchasthemayor,thepolicechief,orthelocalschoolboard;conversely,editorialsmaypraiseothersfortheirciviccontributions.Whateverthetopic,newspapershopetheireditorialswillraisethelevelofcommunitydiscourse.

Twowaysthisoccursarefamiliartoanynewspaperreader―letterstotheeditorandop-edarticles（acontractionofopposite-editorialpage）.Lettersarealwaysamongthebest-readsectionofanynewspaper,forthisiswherereadersexpresstheiropinions.Op-edarticlesusuallyrun850to1,000words.Newspapersmakespaceforletterstotheeditorandop-edarticlesfreelyavailableaspartoftheircontributiontocivicdialogue.

Theeditorialpagesareunderthedirectionofaneditoroutsidethenewsdivision.Newspaperpeoplecallthis“separationofchurchandstate”,meaningthereisalinebetweennewsandopinionthatmustnotbecrossed.Todosostripsanewspaperofitsmostvaluableasset-credibility.Forthatreason,editorialpageeditorsatsomelargenewspapersreporttothepublisher,whoisthechiefexecutiveofficerofthecompany,andnottotheexecutiveeditor.Othernewspapersmayhavetheireditorialpageeditorreportingtotheexecutiveeditor.Whatevertheorganizationalmodel,though,neitherdepartmentcantelltheotherwhattopublishinthenewspaper.

HowAreNewspapersDistributed?

Responsibilityforgettingthenewspaperfromthepresstothereaderfallstothedistributiondivision.Largenewspaperspublishtwo,threeorevenfoureditions,allofwhichmustbereadytoleavethenewspaperplantatacertaintime.Thefirstedition,sometimescalledthebulldogedition（晨版）,goestotheouterlimitsofthenewspaper’scirculationarea.

Thismaybeseveralcountiesorevenanentirestate.Latereditionscontainprogressivelyfreshernewsandgotosmallerareas.Thefinaledition,whichgoestopressaftermidnight,containsthelatestnewsbutcoversthesmallestgeographicalarea,usuallyacity.

Anysubscribertoadailynewspaperknowsthatitplops（扑通落下）ontothedrivewayintheweehoursofthemorning.Independentcontractorscalledcarriersbuycopiesofthenewspaperatdiscountanddeliverthem,usingtheirpersonalvehicles.ThefirstjobformanyAmericanyoungsterswasdeliveringtheafternoonpaperintheirneighborhood.

Thecirculationdepartmentdrawstheroutesthatcarriersfollow.Thisdepartmentisalsoresponsibleforracksales,newspapersthatgointocoin-operateddispensers（自动售货机）.Thecirculationdepartmentmaintainssubscribers’billingrecords,stopsandstartsdeliveriesuponrequest,andusesservicerunnerstodelivermissingpapers.

In18hoursofhighlycoordinatedworkcarriedoutbynumerousdivisions,whatnewspaperpeoplecalla“roughdraftofhistory”asmovedthroughcomputersystems,imaging（成像）machinesandpresses,toitsfinaldestination-thereaders.

After3:30a.m.,fewpeopleremainatanewspaperplant.Alltheotherdivisionshavegonehome.Thepresseshavefallensilent,perhapsundergoingmaintenancefortheremainderofthenight.Thesuddensilencewillnotlastlong.Inlessthanfourhours,thenewspaper,asitmustdo365daysayear,willrousefromitsshortsleepandstartalloveragain.

1.Whatcanbestdescribethequalitiesofnewspapersnow?

2.WhatqualitiesshouldNewspaperspossessinordertosurviveinthecompetitionagainstothermedia?

3.Today’snewspaperspaymoreattentiontothefollowingaspectsEXCEPT（）.

4.WhyAmericannewspapersconsiderthemselves“thewatchdogbranch”?

5.Whatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaperisdecidedby（）.

6.Whatmustbepublishedonnewspapers’editorialpages?

7.Newspapersmakeroomforletterstotheeditorandopposite-editorialarticlesasimportantdevotionto（）.

问题1选项

A.Theyareoriginalandhand-printed.

B.Theyarethecheapestandmostefficient.

C.Theyareuniversalandeverlasting.

D.Theyarethewholeworld’sdominantmassmedium.

问题2选项

A.Convenienceandadaptability.

B.Convenienceandgooddesign.

C.Colorphotographyandadaptability.

D.Gooddesignandcolorphotography.

问题3选项

A.gooddesign

B.detailedstories

C.colorphotography

D.lowcostandhighincome

问题4选项

A.Becausetheyreportandinterpretcurrentevents.

B.Becausetheyuncoverlegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.

C.Becausetheyreporthumanfolly,mechanicalfailuresandnaturaldisasters.

D.Becausetheygatherstoriessuchasaccidents,civiceventsandhuman-intereststories.

问题5选项

A.thecopyeditor

B.theexecutiveeditor

C.themanagingeditor

D.thecityormetroeditor

问题6选项

A.Thecriticismofpublicofficialssuchasthemayorandthepolicechief.

B.Theopinionsthatreadersexpressaboutthedetailedstories.

C.Newspapers’commentsoncurrentevents.

D.Thegooddeedpublicofficialshavedonefortheirciviccontributions.

问题7选项

A.currentevents

B.publicreports

C.privatestories

D.civicdialogue

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

第6题:C

第7题:D

【解析】1.【试题解析】细节事实题。第一段指出：Andbecauseanewspaper’s“software”consistsofacommonlanguage,itpossessesauniversalandtimelessquality.（因为报纸的“软件”是由一种共同的语言组成的，所以它具有普遍和无时间限制的特质）。因此C项“它们普遍而永恒”正确。

2.【试题解析】判断推理题。第三段讲了报纸是如何求生存：Newspapersareaportableconvenientmedium（报纸是一种方便携带的媒介），以及：And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.（惊人的是，报纸善于打造自身以适应现今的读者，通过注重好的设计，彩色摄影和报告和解释时事的详细报道）。由此可知，报纸为了在竞争中生存应该具备方便和适应性的特点，故选A。

3.【试题解析】判断推理题。第三段指出：And,newspapersareprovingsurprisinglyadeptatreinventingthemselvesfortoday’sreadersbyemphasizinggooddesign,colorphotographyanddetailedstoriesthatreportandinterpretcurrentevents.（惊人的是，报纸善于打造自身以适应现今的读者，通过注重好的设计，彩色摄影和报告和解释时事的详细报道）。四个选项中，只有D项“低成本，高收入”未被提及，因此答案选D。

4.【试题解析】细节事实题。第四段指出：Americannewspapersproudlyconsiderthemselvesthefourthbranchofgovernment—thewatchdogbranch—thatexposeslegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.（美国报纸骄傲的自称为政府第四个分支——监察机构——这暴露了立法、行政和司法方面的不当行为）。由此可知B项正确。

5.【试题解析】细节事实题。第七段指出：Theseeditorsarecalledgatekeepers,becausetheycontrolmuchofwhatwillandwillnotappearinthenextday’spaper.（这些编辑被称作守门人，因为他们控制着第二天报纸上将出现的大多数内容）。由此可知D项正确。

6.【试题解析】细节事实题。第九段指出：Anewspaperpublishesitsviewsoncurrentevents-bothlocalandnational-onitseditorialpages.（报纸将其关于当地或国内最近事件的观点发表于社论版面里）。由此可知，社论版发表对最近事件的看法。故选C。

7.【试题解析】细节事实题。第十段指出：Newspapersmakespaceforletterstotheeditorandop-edarticlesfreelyavailableaspartoftheircontributiontocivicdialogue.（报纸为读者来信和反对意见的文章腾出地方，是它们为市民对话做出贡献的一部分）。因此，D项“公民对话”正确。

10.单选题

Theprocessofperceivingotherpeopleisrarelytranslated(toourselvesorothers)intocold,objectiveterms.“Shewas5feet8inchestall,hadfairhair,andworeacoloredskirt.”Moreoften,wetrytogetinsidetheotherpersontopinpointhisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideasandcharacters.Furthermore,wesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly-perhapswithatwo-secondglance.

Wetrytoobtaininformationaboutothersinmanyways.Bergersuggestsseveralmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutothers:watching,withoutbeingnoticed,apersoninteractingwithothers,particularlywithotherswhoareknowntoyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson’sbehaviorwiththeknownothers’behavior;observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehaviorisrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponsesarecalledfor;deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocialenvironmentsoastoobservetheperson’sresponsestospecificstimuli;askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththepersonabouthimorher;andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-faceinteractiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherperson-questions,self-disclosures(自我表露)，andsoon.Gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepttheideathatwewon’teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.Itwillalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseeminglyinconsistentbehavior.Ironically(讽刺性地)，thosethingsthatkeepusfromknowinganotherpersontoowell(e.g.,secretsanddeceptions)maybejustasimportanttothedevelopmentofasatisfyingrelationshipasthosethingsthatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson(e.g.,disclosuresandtruthfulstatements).

1.Theword“pinpoint”(Para.1，Line3)basicallymeans（

）.

2.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromBerger’ssuggestionsthat（

）.

4.Indevelopingpersonalrelationships,secretsanddeceptions,intheauthor’sopinion,are（

）

5.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassageis（

）.

问题1选项

A.appreciate

B.obtain

C.interpret

D.identify

问题2选项

A.Peoplearebetterdescribedincold,objectiveterms.

B.Thedifficultyofgettingtoknowapersonisusuallyunderestimated.

C.Oneshouldnotjudgepeoplebytheirappearances.

D.Oneisusuallysubjectivewhenassessingotherpeople’spersonality.

问题3选项

A.Peopledonotrevealtheirtrueselfoneveryoccasion.

B.inmostcasesweshouldavoidcontactingtheobservedpersondirectly-

C.thebestwaytoknowapersonisbymakingcomparisons.

D.face-to-faceinteractionisthebeststrategytouncoverinformationaboutaperson

问题4选项

A.personalmattersthatshouldbeseriouslydealtwith

B.barriersthatshouldbedoneawaywith

C.assignificantasdisclosuresandtruthfulstatements

D.thingspeopleshouldguardagainst

问题5选项

A.togiveadviceonappropriateconductforsocialoccasions

B.toprovidewaysofhowtoobtaininformationaboutpeople

C.tocallthereader’sattentiontothenegativesideofpeople’scharacters

D.todiscussthevariousaspectsofgettingtoknowpeople

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据上下文可推断pinpoint的意思与perceive“了解，认知”相似。第一段提到pinpointhisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideasandcharacters深入内心确定他的态度、情感、动机、能力、想法和性格。所以选项D符合题意。

2.第一段最后一句wesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly-perhapswithatwo-secondglance提到人们常常以为短短几秒钟就能够了解他人，然而事实却远非这样，这显然是低估了了解他人的难度。所以选项B符合题意。

3.Berger建议了几种了解他人的方法，但是仅从一个方面去了解他人是行不通的，因为大部分人都在不断改，而我们用来获得信息的这些方法不够精确（gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise），选项A符合题意。

4.文章最后一句话提到对于建议一段良好的人际关系而言，他人的秘密和欺骗与他人的自我表露和实话一样重要，这非常具有讽刺意味。选项C符合题意。

5.文章主要讨论了了解他人的不同方面，如：识人的困难、方法及隐瞒和欺骗的积极方面等。所以选项D符合题意。

11.单选题

Inherlong,butultimatelytriumphantcareer,shehasbeenforcedtosmugglebirthcontrolsuppliesunderherclothing.

问题1选项

A.forceful

B.insightful

C.successful

D.influential

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.forceful强有力的，坚强的B.insightful有深刻了解的，富有洞察力的

C.successful获得成功的，有成就的D.influential有很大影响的，有支配力的

【答案】C

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】triumphant的意思为“大获全胜的，巨大成功的”，这里指她在职业生涯中取得巨大成功，successful与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】在她漫长但最终成功的职业生涯中，她曾被迫在衣服下走私节育用品。

12.单选题

Hedoesn’tneedto________himselfashismanagerialtrackrecordspeaksforitself.

问题1选项

A.identify

B.justify

C.judge

D.swear

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.identify确认，鉴定B.justify解释，辩护

C.judge判断，断定D.swear发誓，起誓

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处和下文的“himself（他自己）”构成动宾逻辑，说明他不需要对自己做某事。as引导了一个原因状语从句，表示“他的管理业绩可以证明一切（speaksforitself）”，所导致的结果应该是不需要再解释、说明自己。justify指为某事物做出解释或辩护，因此B选项justify“解释，辩护”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项identify“确认，鉴定”指认出某人或某物是什么；

C选项judge“判断，断定”指根据已有的信息对某人或某物形成看法；

D选项swear“发誓，起誓”指郑重承诺做某事；

均不符合题干的语义逻辑。

【句意】他不需要为自己辩护，因为他的管理业绩可以证明一切。

13.填空题

Theoveremphasisontheexteriorelevationinitsformerdesignresultedintheclosenessand________oftheinteriorspace.(regular)

【答案】irregularity

【解析】【考查点】名词。

【解题思路】根据关键词and，可知横线处和closeness都是名词，结合语境，过分强调建筑的外部立面致使建筑不规则，irregularity意思为“不规则（或无规律）的事物”，符合语境。

【句意】在原有设计中过分强调建筑的外部立面，导致室内空间的封闭和不规则。

14.单选题

______he’salreadyheardthenews.

问题1选项

A.Chancesare

B.Chanceis

C.Opportunitiesare

D.Opportunityis

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定表达。（the）chancesare+句子，这是一种口语的表达方法，表示很有可能的意思。选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

ThefunnylookingmanwhomthegirlmetonthestreetofPrincetonwas（）AlbertEinstein.

问题1选项

A.nonebut

B.noneotherbut

C.nootherbut

D.nobodybut

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项nonebut“仅有；无；只有……才”；B选项noneotherbut与noneotherthan意思相同，意为“不是别人，正是……”；C选项nootherbut没有这种用法；D选项nobodybut“除了……没有人”。句意：那个女孩在普林斯顿大街上遇到的长相滑稽的男人不是别人，正是阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦。因此B选项正确。

16.单选题

Lastmonth,MarsandEarthwereattheclosestpointsintheir（）orbits.Thedistancebetweenthetwoworldswas68millionkilometers.

问题1选项

A.identical

B.respective

C.rigid

D.reverse

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。identical"恒一的,完全相同的";respective"各自的,分别的";rigid"严格的,僵硬的";reverse"反面的"。句意：上个月火星和地球在各自轨道上的距离最近,两个世界之间的距离是6800万公里。选项B符合句意。

17.单选题

Ourarmysucceededin（

）theadvancingenemy.

问题1选项

A.retrieving

B.revenging

C.resenting

D.repelling

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项retrieve“检索，恢复”；B选项revenge“报复，替复仇”；C选项resent“怨恨，愤恨”；D选项repel“击退，抵制”。由关键词“ourarmy”和“theadvancingenemy前进的敌军”，可知空格部分意思可能为“击退，打退”，句意为：我军成功击退前进的敌军。选项D符合题意。

18.单选题

21-25

问题1选项

A.Suicide.

B.Obesity.

C.Turmoil.

D.Drugabuse.

问题2选项

A.Preventable.

B.Destructive.

C.Treatable.

D.Curable.

问题3选项

A.Combiningantidepressantsandtalktherapy.

B.Promotingthetransmissionbetweenneurons.

C.Winningparentalassistanceandsupport.

D.Administeringeffectiveantidepressants.24.

问题4选项

A.Becauseitaddstotheeffectoftreatment.

B.Becauseitworksbetterthanthemedications.

C.Becauseitcantaketheplaceofantidepressants.

D.Becauseithelpsreducetheuseofantidepressants.25.

问题5选项

A.65percent.

B.75percent.

C.85percent.

D.95percent.

/r/