考研考博-英语-南京航空航天大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京航空航天大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（

）tolightthanhumaneyes.

问题1选项

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.gloomy

D.sensitive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。glowing意为“灼热的，灼炽的”；brilliant意为“明亮的”；gloomy意为“黑暗的”；sensitive意为“敏感的”。

句意：虽然猫无法在完全黑暗中看到，但是它们的眼睛比人类的眼睛对光敏感得多。

2.单选题

Thescientisthasmadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,（

）isofgreatimportancetoscience.

问题1选项

A.whichIthink

B.whichIthinkit

C.ofwhichIthink

D.Ithinkwhich

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。which指代先行词discovery，在从句中作主语，Ithink作插入语时，引导词应放在其前面，因此选A。句意：这位科学家又有了一个了不起的发现，我认为这个发现这对科学很重要。

3.单选题

Allthestudentshaveto（

）totherulesandregulationsoftheschool.

问题1选项

A.confirm

B.confront

C.confine

D.conform

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。confirm证实，确认，批准；confront面对，遭遇；confine限制，禁闭；conform遵从，顺从，符合；conformto遵守。句意：所有学生必须遵守学校的规章制度。只有D项符合句意，答案D。

4.单选题

MyfavoriteradiosongistheoneIfirstheardonathick1923EdisondiscI________atagaragesale.

问题1选项

A.trifledwith

B.scrapedthrough

C.stumbledupon

D.thirstedfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项“玩弄，心不在焉地做”；B选项“勉强通过”；C选项“偶然发现”；D选项“渴望”。句意：我最喜欢的广播歌曲是爱迪生1923年的厚唱片里的一首，我第一次（）在车库拍卖时上听到的。从关键词first和garagesale可以推测，听到这首歌肯定不是自己渴望听到的，是偶然听到这首歌，觉得很好听所以才会把第一次听到这首歌的情形记得这么清楚。

5.单选题

Ruleshavebeen（

）forthebehaviorofthemembersofthegolfclub.

问题1选项

A.lainoff

B.laindown

C.laidoff

D.laiddown

【答案】D

【解析】句意:针对高尔夫球俱乐部成员行为的制度己被制定。

考查短语辨析。四个选项分别是对应动词词组的过去分词形式表被动。Lieoff停止工作;liedown躺下（休息或睡眠）;layoff辞退）工人，脱掉（衣物），放弃;laydown放下,搁下,规定。由关键词rules(制度)可知D符合句意。

6.单选题

Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhytheyarealwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround."It'siniquitous,"theysay,"thatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays.."

Thepooroldconsumer!He'dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn'tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashing-machine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,ere,fromanadvertisement

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements,wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybye-lawwhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumnsofthenewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerfulwilyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities.

Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialsradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice.

Anotherthingwemustn'tforgetisthe"smallads",whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe"hatchmatchanddispatch"columns;butbyFarthemostfascinatingsectionis!hepersonalor"agony"columns.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

1.Advertisersshouldstopadvertisingandreducepriceofgoodsbecause（）.

2.Thepurposeofadvertisingisto（）.

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（）.

5.Regardingadvertisements,wecanconcludethatthetoneoftheauthorofthispassageseemstobe（）.

6.Theword"they"inline3ofparagraph3,refersto（）.

7.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorseemstosuggestthat（）.

问题1选项

A.criticsresentthem

B.theyhavesomuchtothrowaround

C.theconsumerpaysforallthecosts

D.advertiserscomeinforcriticisms

问题2选项

A.informthatconsumergoodsarecheap

B.inform

C.provideagreatdealofknowledge

D.bothsellgoodsandinform

问题3选项

A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

B.Everythinghastwosides.

C.Wastenot,wantnot.

D.it'snousecryingeverspiltmilk.

问题4选项

A.AdvertisersPerformaUsefulServicetotheCommunity

B.EntirelyUnproductiveIndustry

C.ThinkBig

D.GoodQualityProductsDon'tNeedtoBeAdvertised

问题5选项

A.critical

B.positive

C.negative

D.neutral

问题6选项

A.lotsofpeople

B.thesedays

C.advertisements

D.“they”inthefirstsentence

问题7选项

A.advertisementsareeverywhere

B.advertisementsarealotoffun

C.advertisementsareunnecessarilycostly

D.advertisementsmakeproductscheaper

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句“Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays..”可知,选项C符合原文。

2.根据第二段的四五句“Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.”可知,广告除了推销产品,还有提供信息的功能,所以选项D正确。

3.选项A“上帝帮助自助之人”；选项B“每一样事物都有两个方面”；选项C“不浪费,不匮乏”；选项D“覆水难收”。根据第四段的第一句“Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.”前两段作者描述了广告对消费者的负面影响,最后两段又讲述了广告的积极影响,所以选项B最为恰当。

4.作者在文章前两段讲述了广告对消费者的负面影响,但又提到广告可以提供信息等其他积极作用。这是先抑后扬的写作手法,目的是为了突出后面的积极作用,所以选项A正确。

5.根据最后一段末句“It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!”可以看出,作者的态度是积极的,选项B正确。

6.根据原文,“they”很有趣,接下来列举了一下例子,由此可推测,这里的“they”指的是广告,选项C正确。

7.根据最后一段最后两句,报纸上没有任何其他文章能提供如此有趣的阅读,或提供对人性如此深刻的洞察。这是最好的广告!由此可知,作者主要强调的是广告的有趣性,所以选项B正确。

7.单选题

Threecenturiesago,aDutchmathematiciannamedChristianHuygensinventedanewreligion.Hedidn’tmeanto.Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.Manyculturesstillmarchtodifferentdrummers.TimeseemstomovefasterinFrankfurtthaninSanSalvador.MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands,andshowingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.

RobertLevineandhisresearchersvisitedcitiesaroundtheworldtomeasuretheaccuracyofpublicclocksandtotimehowlongittakesdowntownpedestrianstowalk60feetandpostalclerkstosellastamp.

InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas“exactly2:14.”AtthecentralpostofficeinJakarta,Levinewassentoutsidetostreetvendors.

MuchoftheworldlivesonwhatLevinecallseventtime.InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m,butinBurundi,youmightagreetomeetwhenthecowsreturnfromthewateringhole.InMadagascar,ifyouaskhowlongittakestogettothenearestmarket,yougetananswerlikethetimeittakestocookrice.

Ifthatsoundsappealing,don’tbetoohastytomoveabroad.Clockaddictionistoughtobreak.Learninganewpaceoflifeislikemasteringaforeignlanguage.Andtherearedrawbackstotimelessliving.Youmightbeabletoshowupforworkatyourconvenience.Butyoucouldspendadayormorewaitingtomakeatelephonecall.YoufeelslightedintheUnitedStatesifyourlunchdatenevershows,butinKenya,aperfectlyreasonableexcuseisthatonthewaytomeetyou,heranintoafriendanddecidedtojoinhimforlunchinstead.

LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.

Anewatomicclockissoaccuratethatitwon’tbeoffbymorethanasecondamillionyearsfromnow.Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.

Butoftentheyaresellingprestigeratherthanpunctuality.Onsomeoftheirwatches,thehandsdon’tmove.

1.Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutclockisexpressedinthepassage?

2.TheauthorquotestheexamplethatclocksinSwitzerlandaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19secondswhileinBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffinordertoimply（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.IntheWest,peopletendtodothings（）.

问题1选项

A.Itwasinventedinthesixteenthcentury.

B.Inmoderntimes,clockisindispensabletopeople’slives.

C.Theprevalenceoftheclockwasbeyondtheexpectationoftheinventor.

D.Whilemovingabroad,peoplewillgiveupclockandadaptthemselvestotimelessliving.

问题2选项

A.clocksaremoreaccurateinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

B.clocksmadeinSwitzerlandaremuchbetterinqualitythanthoseinBrazil

C.timemovesfasterinSwitzerlandthaninBrazil

D.peopleinSwitzerlandhavestrongersenseoftimethanBrazilians

问题3选项

A.Peoplefromthedevelopingworldbegintoregardbeingontimeasveryimportant.

B.ThepaceoflifeinJakartaiscomparativelyslow.

C.InMexico,peoplewillbelaughedatiftheyareontime.

D.PeopleinBurmadothingsaccordingtotheeventtime.

问题4选项

A.accordingtoclocktime

B.accordingtoeventtime

C.attheirconvenience

D.withnoregardtotime

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。由题干关键词“assumptionsaboutclock”定位到文章第一段“Allhedidwastobuildapendulumclockthatallowedpeople,forthefirsttimeinhistory,tokeeptrackofhoursandminutesaccurately.Yes,itwillgetalotofattentionaroundtheglobeonNewYear’sEve,butthatistheexception.”可知他只是建造了一个钟摆钟，使人们有史以来第一次能够准确地记录小时和分钟。在除夕夜，它会得到全世界的关注，但这是一件异常的事。可判断出时钟的普及和被关注是发明者未能预料的事情，故选项C符合题意。

2.判断推理题。由题干关键词“Switzerland，Brazil”定位到文章第二段“InSwitzerland,clocksaresloworfastbyanaverageofjust19seconds.InBrazil,onemanwasmorethanthreehoursoffwhenhetoldLevineitwas‘exactly2:14.’”，可知在瑞士，时钟的平均快慢只有19秒，而在巴西，有个人休息了三个多小时，但他却告诉莱文时间是2:14。下文继续列举了一系列一些例子，体现出不同国家的时间观念。可判断出作者列举瑞士和巴西的例子，是为了说明瑞士人相比巴西人有更强的时间观念。故选项D符合题意。

3.判断推理题。由A项“developingworld”定位到文章倒数第二段“Andclockworshipappearstobespreadingtothedevelopingworld，wherevendorshawkwatchesoncitystreets.”可知，对钟表的崇拜似乎正在向发展中国家蔓延，在那里，小贩们在城市街道上兜售手表。可判断出发展中国家的人越来越崇拜钟表，时间观念也越来越强。故选项A符合文意，可排除。B项文章没有提及，可排除。由C项“Mexico”定位到文章第一段“...showingupontimeiscauseforridiculeinMexico.”，可知在墨西哥，准时赴约会遭到人们的嘲笑。故选项C符合文意，可排除。由C项中的关键词“Burma”定位到原文第一段“MonksinBurmaknowitistimetogetupwhenthereisenoughlighttoseetheveinsintheirhands…”可知，对于缅甸的僧侣们来说，当有足够的光线看到他们手上的血管时，就该起床了。可判断出缅甸的时间观念并不强，也不是按照某个时间发生的时间来衡量时间的。故选项D符合题意。

4.判断推理题。由题干关键词“West”定位到文章倒数第三段“LevineseemstothinkthattheWestisbecomingmoredevotedtotheclockwitheachpassingminute.”可知Levine似乎认为，随着时间的流逝，西方国家对时钟的关注越来越多。第四段中也提及“InParis,youmightsetabusinessmeetingfor3p.m…”在法国巴黎，你可以把商务会议安排在下午三点。可判断出西方人是非常守时的，会按钟表的时间来办事。故选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

问题1选项

A.doesit

B.hasit

C.doesthere

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】Therebe的反义疑问句直接用be动词+there。

9.单选题

Shewasanexperiencedtravelerwhohad______bothAfricaandEuropeinhertwenties.

问题1选项

A.traversed

B.transferred

C.trampled

D.trespassed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项traverse“穿过；来回移动；反驳；阻挠；详细研究；旋转”；B选项transfer“转让；转接；移交；转移（地方）；（使）换乘；转存，转录；调动（工作）；传染，传播；使（运动员）转队；把（钱）转到另一账户，机构上”；C选项trample“践踏；蔑视，伤害；脚步沉重地走”；D选项trespass“非法侵入（他人的土地或财产）；做错事；违反道德（或社会法规）”。句意：她是一位经验丰富的旅行者，二十多岁时曾穿越非洲和欧洲。因此A选项正确。

10.不定项选择题

Afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontest,Cecile’sspeechfocusesonahistoryofAmericansandtheworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightof“ourhumanitarianobligation.”Theunconscionableactsofhistoryarerepeating,buttheworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”shesaid,withaswingofherhipandanindignantglare.

HowcouldtheUnitedStatesthatbondedafterSept.11,2001,leavepeopleonrooftopssurroundedbyfloodwatersalmostfouryearslater,shequestioned.Itallcomesdownto“peopleneglectingpeople,”shesaidmatter-of-factly.

“EverybodyispartofGod’screation.Everybodydeserveshelp.Weallaregoingtoneediteventuallyinourlifetime,andforustoneglectanyonefromanywhereisjusthorrible,”Cecilesaid,shakingherhead.

EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.

“Howcanwesayhopeforthoseunseenwhenwedonothelpthemhavehopeorbelievethereishopebecausewecan’tseethem?”theGodwinMiddleSchoolstudentasked,nearlymakingthewallsshakewithheremphasisontheword“we”.

Theworldhasahistoryofgreatleaderswhobroughtinternationalwrongstolight,shesaid,jabbingherindexfingerintotheairinfrontofher.ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout,shesaid,furiouslypacingtheclassroomfloor.

“Ithinkifpeoplelearnaboutitandtheyhearaboutit…iftheyunderstoodit,thenwecanmakeadifference,”Emonisaid,gettingtotheheartofherargument.

Allthreestudentsunderstanditcouldbetheirvoicethatmotivatesthemassestomorrow.Theirspeechescouldbringtheissuesintothelightastheyfollowthetraditionofgreatoratorsbeforethemonthedayhonoringoneofthegreatest.

Aftercareful,quietconsideration,SethsaidthecontestandcelebrationwouldhavemovedKing.

“Itisthelittlepeopletryingtomakeadifference,recitingspeechesandallofthis.Hecanfeelhappythathiswork,like,whatheleftbehind,isstillgoingonasifhewasheretoday,”hesaid.

“Andhowdidhestartit?Hestarteditthroughhisvoice,youknow.Throughjustspeakingupforwhatisright.Andnotbeingafraidofwhatpeoplethinkofyou,butknowingwhatisrightandsettingasideallotherthings,”anexcitedandboisterousCecilesaid.

53.Theword“boisterous”inthelastparagraphcanbesubstitutedby（）.

54.Inherspeech,Cecile,afinalistinayouthoratoricalcontestaccusesAmericaof（）.

55.Emoni,anothercontestant,comparedtheHolocausttocurrenteventsinAfricabynotciting（）.

56.Emonisaidtheworldlacks（）.

57.Emoni’smainpointsdidnotinclude（）.

58.Seth,anothercontestant,saidifDr.MartinLutherKing,Jr.werethere,hewould（）.

问题1选项

A.loud

B.quite

C.nice

D.noisy

问题2选项

A.fulfillinghumanitarianobligations

B.promotingjusticeworldwide

C.neglectingpeople

D.usingterminologytodescribewhatDarfurisfacing

问题3选项

A.lackoffood

B.lackofguidance

C.lackofunderstanding

D.lackofcompassion

问题4选项

A.apowerfulleadertocrushwrong

B.apowerfulleadertobringinternationalwrongtolight

C.someonewhounderstandstheproblem

D.someonewhocaresaboutinjustice

问题5选项

A.onlylisteningandlearning

B.hearingandlearning

C.understanding

D.makingadifference

问题6选项

A.beafraidofwhatpeoplewouldthink

B.notknowwhatisrightintoday’sworld

C.feelhappythathisworkwasstillgoingon

D.wantthestudenttostudyharder

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:C

【解析】53.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】词义辨析题。根据题干，可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句anexcitedandboisterousCecilesaid（兴奋而喧闹的塞西尔说），文章开头就提到了文章是辩论赛的决赛，那么辩论赛的现场应该是兴奋而又喧闹的，所以可推测boisterous指的应该是“喧闹的”。D选项“嘈杂的；喧闹的”，符合文章词义，D选项正确。A选项“大声的”，跟“喧闹”有一定的区别，可排除。B选项“相当”，不符合文章内容，可排除。C选项“精密的，美好的”，不符合文章内容，可排除。因此D选项正确。

54.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第一段theworldturningtheirbacksoninjustice,losingsightofourhumanitarianobligation.Theworldis“bickeringovertheterminologythatisusedtodescribewhatDarfurisfacing,”（全世界对不公正置之不理，忽视了我们的人道主义义务。世界正在为描述达尔富尔所面临的问题的术语而争吵）这是Cecile对整个世界的控诉，不是对美国的控诉。第二段的内容才是对美国的控诉，即Itallcomesdowntopeopleneglectingpeople.（这一切都归结于人们忽视他人），C选项“忽视人民”符合文章内容，C选项正确。A选项“履行人道主义义务”，文章提到，忽视了我们的人道主义义务，A选项可排除。B选项“促进全球正义”，不符合文章内容，可排除。D选项“用术语来描述达尔富尔所面临的问题”，文章提到世界正在为描述达尔富尔所面临的问题的术语而争吵，并没有用术语解决问题，D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

55.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第四段EmonidrawsparallelsbetweentheHolocaustandcurrenteventsinAfricabycitingalackofguidance,understandingandcompassion.（Emoni以缺乏指导、理解和同情为例，将大屠杀和非洲的当前事件进行了对比），A选项“食物的缺乏”，没有提及，可排除。B选项“缺乏指导”、C选项“缺乏理解”，D选项“缺乏同情心”，文章提到，Emoni以缺乏指导、理解和同情为例。可排除B、C、D选项。因此A选项正确。

56.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第六段第二句ThesituationinDarfurhasprimarilybeenignoredbecausetheworldlacksapowerfulleadertogetthatmessageout（达尔富尔的局势基本上被忽视了，因为世界缺乏一个强有力的领导人来传达这一信息），这句话中“getthatmessageout”的意思是“将这个信息曝光，让人们知道”，等同“bringsthtolight”。B选项“一个揭露国际错误的强大领袖”，符合文章内容。A选项“一个强有力的领导者，可以粉碎错误”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。C选项“一个理解问题的人”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“一个关心不公正的人”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此B选项正确。

57.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第七段“Ithinkifpeoplelearnaboutitandtheyhearaboutit...iftheyunderstoodit,thenwecanmakeadifference,”Emonisaid,gettingtotheheartofherargument（我认为，如果人们了解它，听到它……如果他们能理解，我们就能有所作为，埃莫尼说，直指她的核心论点），选项A“只听和学”，文章埃莫尼的论点，没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“听力和学习”，文章提到，人们听力和学习，可排除B选项。C选项“理解”，文章提到，他们能理解，可排除C选项。D选项“有所作为”，文章提到，如果他们能理解，就会有所作为，可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

58.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据倒数第二段第二句Hecanfeelhappythathiswork,like,whatheleftbehind,isstillgoingonasifhewasheretoday（他会感到高兴，他的工作，他留下的东西，还在继续，就像他今天还在这里一样）。C选项“很高兴，他的工作还在继续”，符合文章的内容，C选项正确。A选项“害怕别人的想法”，文章没有提到，他会害怕别人的想法，可排除。B选项“不知道在当今世界什么是对的”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“希望学生学习更加努力”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

Themassive,black,hornedbuffalo,formerlyfoundthroughoutsub-SaharanAfrica,isagregariousanimalofopenorscrub-coveredplainsandopenforests.

问题1选项

A.rotten

B.sociable

C.wealthy

D.beautiful

【答案】B

【解析】句意：巨大的、黑色的、有角的水牛，原产于非洲撒哈拉以南，是一种群居动物，生活在开阔的或灌木覆盖的平原和开阔的森林中。gregarious意为“社交的，群居的”。rotten腐烂的，堕落的；sociable好交际的，友善的；wealthy富有的；beautiful美丽的。选项B与之意思相近。

12.翻译题

在得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道,一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里,我顿感被打入冷宫,十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,霎时宾客云集,笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界一片繁华。自己的哥姐、堂表弟兄也穿插其间,个个喜气洋洋。一霎时,一阵被人摒弃、为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头,禁不住痛哭起来。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Beforebeinginillness,Ihadbeenaspoiledchildofmyparents,playingthebullyathome.Oncebeingisolated,detainedinasmallhouseontheslopeofthegarden,IsuddenlyfeltthatIwasoutoffavorandinadoghouse,andthenfeltverymelancholyfrustrated.Onespringevening,inthegardenwithflowersbeinginfullbloom,parentswerehostingafeast,forthatmoment,aconsiderablenumberofguestsgathered,laughingandchattinghappilyaway.Inthehillsidesmallhouse,Iquietlyliftedthecurtain,catchingaglimpseofaprosperouscosmos.Myeldersistersandbrothersandcousinbrotherswerealsoamongthem,everyonetreadingonair.SuddenlyIhadatwingeofbeingabandonedandforgottenbypeople,andcouldn'thelpmyselffromcrying.

13.单选题

Somecultureshavecustomsthat（）theclothingfashionsofpeopleincertainsocialclasses.

问题1选项

A.modify

B.alter

C.regulate

D.revise

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。modify"修改,更改;修饰";alter"改变,更改";regulate"控制,管理,调节";revise"修订,修改"。modify是指略微的修改,alter范围较广,指任何的改变,revise通常指修订课本,制度的管理和规定经常用regulate。句意：某些文化有一些习俗,这些习俗规定了某些社会阶层中人们的穿衣时尚。所以选项C正确。

14.单选题

Itwassuggestedthatthisnaughtyboy（

）.

问题1选项

A.winbescolded

B.hadbeenscolded

C.couldbescolded

D.bescolded

【答案】D

【解析】句意:有人建议对这个调皮的男孩儿进行批评。

语法题。考查特殊虚拟语气。根据关键信息Itwassuggestedthat可知that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气:should+动词原形(should可省略)。动词scold和主语naughtyboy之间是被动关系。故选D。

15.单选题

Singapore-basedcompanyPolychemyisusing3Dprinterstomakepersonalizedjewelry—thinknameplatenecklaces（）inadozenlanguages,orsportsteamlogopendants.

问题1选项

A.precious

B.preferred

C.available

D.customizable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项precious表示“宝贵的，珍贵的”，B选项preferred表示“优先的，首选的”，C选项available表示“可获得的，有空的，可利用的”，D选项customizable表示“可定制的”。由后文关键信息“inadozenlanguages”可知，这些铭牌是可以用十几种语言表述出来的，因此，制作多种语言的铭牌是可实现的，能做到的。故本题正确答案为C选项。

16.单选题

Basketball,（

）1891byCanadianJamesNaismith,wasneverintendedtobeanythingmorethananinterestingstyleofhandsoccerforuniversitystudents.

问题1选项

A.whenitwasinventedin

B.whichinvented

C.wasinventedin

D.whichitwasinventedin

【答案】A

【解析】语法（从句）题目。分析题干结构可知空格后一句是真正的主句，所以空格所在句是一个从句，所以排除C选项；从句是修饰Basketball，是被动关系，排除B选项，which在引导定语从句时，需在从句中充当成分，所以排除D选项;所以正确答案是A选项，是一个表示时间的状语从句。

17.单选题

Aresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenough,theanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextentourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth,andnoamountofeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisview,nowheldbymostexperts,canbesupportedinanumberofways.

Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligence.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.If,ontheotherhand,wetaketwoidenticaltwins,theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.

Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Weshouldsoonfinddifferenceinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.

1.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthataman'sintelligenceisgiventohim（

）.

2.Ifachildisbornwithlowintelligence,hecan

（

）.

3.Inthesecondparagraph“ifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation”meansifwe

（

）.

4.Theexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparatelyshows

（