考研考博-英语-南昌工程学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南昌工程学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Attemptstoreconcilethesetwodecisionshaveexpanded,humaningenuityandexpendedunconscionableamountoftime,effortandpaper.

问题1选项

A.excessive

B.uncouth

C.gullible

D.ignoble

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项excessive“过多的，极度的；过分的”；B选项uncouth“笨拙的；粗野的；不舒适的；陌生的”；C选项gullible“易受骗的；轻信的”；D选项ignoble“不光彩的；卑鄙的；卑贱的”。句意：调和这两个决定的尝试已经扩大，人类的聪明才智和花费了大量的时间、努力和文件。unconscionable“过度的；不合理的；昧着良心的；肆无忌惮的”。A选项与该词意思最相近，因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Theculturaldepartmentistryingtohelptheseperformingenterprisesoutofthe（）byvariousmeans.

问题1选项

A.delight

B.twilight

C.flight

D.plight

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项delight“高兴”；B选项twilight“衰退期”；C选项flight“飞行”；D选项plight“困境”。句意“文化部门正试图通过各种方式帮助这些演艺企业走出困境。”选项D符合语境。

3.单选题

Idon’tthinkthatthisquestionissubordinate（）themainaimofourcompany.

问题1选项

A.with

B.to

C.for

D.on

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：我认为这个问题不属于我们公司的主要目标。besubordinateto意为“从属于……，次于……”，选项B正确。

4.单选题

Mostpeoplecan'tget______thedaywithoutatleastonecupofteaorcoffee.

问题1选项

A.on

B.through

C.over

D.by

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。geton“上车；进展”；getthrough“通过；度过”；getover“克服；恢复”；getby“获得认可”。句意：如果一杯咖啡都不喝的话，大多数人都不能度过一天。因此B选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Itwasashrewdmove____tobuythehousejustbeforepropertypricesstartedtorise.

问题1选项

A.onherpart

B.athand

C.atherexpense

D.onrecord

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.onherpart在她那方面B.athand在附近；在手边

C.atherexpense由她付钱D.onrecord记录在案的；公开发表的

【答案】A

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】前文内容为“这是一个精明的举动”，空格处所填短语修饰的是这句话；原句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式“在房价刚开始上涨时就买这所房子”这个举动。A选项onherpart“在她那方面”符合原句语义衔接，即从她的角度来看，这是一个精明的举动。

【干扰项排除】

B选项athand“在附近；在手边”，不符合原句语义衔接；

C选项atherexpense“由她付钱”，修饰的是“买房子”，应置于tobuythehouse的后面，而题干空格处位于tobuythehouse之前；

D选项onrecord“记录在案的；公开发表的”，不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】她在房价刚开始上涨时就买了这所房子，真是精明之举。

6.写作题

Writeanessayofabout300wordsonthetopic“LearningandStudyingasISeeIt”accordingtotheideagivenbelowandoutlinedinChinese.

求知和探究被古人认为是人生中步履荆棘的历程。王国维先生就有着做学问的三大境界，其一曰“昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望尽天涯路”；其二曰“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴”；最后才会“众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处”。请结合自己求学的经历或体会，分析你对这个命题的理解和看法。

【答案】略

7.案例题

Althoughcreditcardsarebecomingamoreacceptablepartofthefinancialscene,theyarestillregardedwithsuspicionbymanyasbeingamajorpartofthe"livenowpaylater"syndrome（综合症）.Alongwithhire-purchase,rentalandleasingschemes,theyprovideencouragementtospendmoremoney.Ofcourse,itisonlythefoolhardywhosuccumb（屈服）tothetemptationtothetemptationtolive,temporarilyatleast,beyondtheirmeans,andsuchpeoplewouldnodoubtmanagetodosoevenwithoutcreditcards.

Advertisingcampaignshave,however,promotedagrowingrealizationoftheadvantagesofthesesmallpiecesofplastic.Theyobviatetheneedtocarrylargeamountsofcashandarealwaysusefulinemergencies.Allthecreditcardorganizationschargeinterestonamonthlybasiswhichmayworkoutashighas25percentayear,yetjudiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.Usingthecardabroad,whereitemsfrequentlytakealongtimetobeincludedonyouraccount,canextendthisperiodevenfurther.

Itisworthwhileshoppingaroundbeforedecidingonaparticularcreditcard.Itisnecessarytoconsidertheamountofcreditgranted;interestrates,whichmayvaryslightly;thenumberandrangeofoutlets,thoughmostcardscovermajorgarages,hotels,restaurantsanddepartmentstores,and,ofcourse,whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen.Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard.

However,ifusedwisely,acreditcardcancostnothingsoratleasthelptotideyouoveraperiodoffinancialdifficulty.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whatcanbethetitleforthispassage?

3.Whatelsedoyoumeanbyjudiciouspurchasingusingacard?

4.Whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen?

5.Whatdoesthephrase"tideover"inthelastparagraphmean?

Directions:Readthefollowingpassageandthengiveshortanswerstothefivequestions.

【答案】1.Creditcardsarestillbesuspectedbysomepeople.

2.Thecreditcards.

3.Youobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.

4.Acreditcardthiefmayuseyourcard.

5.Tosupportthroughadifficultperiod.

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句为本段的中心句,尽管信用卡在金融领域正变得越来越被人们接受,但许多人仍怀疑它是"现用现付"综合征的主要组成部分。也就是说,信用卡现在依然受到部分人的质疑。

2.结合全文可知,本文主要讲了信用卡的用途、如何选择和使用信用卡。所以,文章主要是介绍信用卡。

3.根据关键词"judiciouspurchasing"定位到第二段第三句"...judiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit."明智地使用信用卡购物意味着你可以获得长达7周的无息信贷。

4.根据第三段最后一句"Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard."一旦你的卡丢失且挂失晚了的话,信用卡窃贼可能会盗用你的卡。

5.tideover意为"克服,度过,度过困难时期"。即tosupportthroughadifficultperiod。

8.单选题

Hadtheexplosionbrokenout,thepassengersintheplaneshouldhavebeenkilled,foritwas（

）timedwiththeplane'stake-off.

问题1选项

A.spontaneously

B.instantaneously

C.simultaneously

D.conscientiously

【答案】C

【解析】副词辨析题。A选项的spontaneously“自发地，非筹划安排地”；B选项的instantaneously“即刻，突如其来地”；C选项的simultaneously“同时地”；D选项的conscientiously“凭良心地，认真地，负责尽职地”。根据句意‘如果炸弹爆炸，飞机上的乘客就会被炸身亡。因为这是一个与飞机起飞同步的定时爆炸的炸弹’确定C选项正确。

9.单选题

I’llgototheairporttomorrowmorningto（）agoodfriendwholeavesforAustralia.

问题1选项

A.seeoff

B.sendoff

C.turnoff

D.saydeparture

【答案】A

【解析】词组辨析。seeoff“送别，送行”；sendoff“发送，派遣”；turnoff“关掉，拐弯”；saydeparture“说离开”。句意：明天早上我将去机场，跟我即将去往澳大利亚的朋友送别。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

It’sinyourbest（）toquitsmoking,foryouhavesomebreathingproblems.

问题1选项

A.sake

B.benefit

C.advantage

D.interest

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：戒烟对你最有利，因为你有一些呼吸问题。beinsb’s(best)interest(s)(todosth)=bethebestthingforsomeone，因此D选项正确。

11.单选题

Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,______theatmosphere.

问题1选项

A.asitis

B.thesameis

C.sois

D.andequallyis

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒装结构。句意：正如土壤是地球的一部分一样，大气也是地球的一部分。So+助动词或系动词等+另一个主语B，说明主语B和主句的主语具有同样的性质，在句中大气和土壤具有同样的性质，即都属于地球的一部分，C选项sois符合题意。其余选项用法错误。A选项asitis“事实上”；B选项thesameis“相同的是”，放进题目构成两个独立的句子，语法错误；D选项andequallyis中equally是副词，不能充当主语。因此C选项正确。

12.单选题

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopment,ofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

问题1选项

A.junction

B.paradox

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项junction“连接，接合，枢纽”；B选项paradox“自相矛盾的说法”；C选项premise“前提”；D选项dilemma“进退两难的局面”。句意：父母总是_____的选择：到底是该做他们自己认为对孩子发展有益的事，还是该容忍孩子任性的吵闹和破坏。这里表达的意思是父母面临两难的抉择，因此D选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Thepeoplewerecalledupontouniteinthefaceofanapparentefforttobringaboutthedisintegrationofthecountrybypoliticalintrigue.

问题1选项

A.riot

B.fantasy

C.medium

D.plot

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.riot暴乱，骚乱B.fantasy幻想，想象

C.medium手段，工具D.plot阴谋，密谋

【答案】D

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】intrigue的意思为“密谋策划，阴谋”，和political构成短语，指的是政治阴谋，plot与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】人们被号召团结起来，直面通过政治阴谋导致国家解体的明显企图。

14.单选题

Theschoolshootingtriggeredabarrageoftransparentlyirrelevantproposedsolutions,tossedoutwithoutregardtotheirrelevancetotheeventsthatsupposedly______theproposals.

问题1选项

A.occasioned

B.concerned

C.illuminated

D.ensued

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。occasion“引起，惹起”；concern“涉及；使担心”；illuminate“阐明；照亮”；ensue“追求”。句意：学校枪击事件引发了一连串明显不相干的解决方案，而这些方案与引发这些方案的事件毫无关联。选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

Manywomenstillfeelthattheyarebeing（）byamaleculture,particularlyintheprofessionalservicessector.

问题1选项

A.heldback

B.heldforth

C.heldon

D.heldout

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。holdback“隐瞒，退缩，抑制，阻止”；holdforth“滔滔地说，提供”；holdon“不挂断电话”；holdout“伸出，提供”。句意：很多女性仍然认为男性文化阻碍了她们的发展，尤其是在职业领域。A项符合题意。

16.单选题

Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmust（

）yourselftonewmannersandcustoms.

问题1选项

A.adopt

B.fit

C.suit

D.adapt

【答案】D

【解析】句意:到一个新国家后，你一定要让自己适应新的礼仪和风俗。

考查动词辨析。Adopt采取,接受;fit安装,使……合身;suit使适应;adapt使适应,使适合。adaptoneselftosth.使自己适应…。C项从语义上也符合题干,但是没有suitoneselftosth.的搭配。故选D。

17.单选题

Nowomancanbetoorichortoothin.ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchavirtue.

Theproblemwithsuchaviewisthatsomepeopleactuallyattempttolivebyit.Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.Consequently,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter—orworse—partofmylife.Beingrichwouldn’tbebadeither,butthatwon’thappenunlessanunknownrelativediessuddenlyinsomedistantland,leavingmemillionsofdollars.

Wheredidwegooffthetrack?Whendideatingbutterbecomeasin,andalittlebitofextrafleshunappealing,ifnotrepellent?AllreligionshavecertaindayswhenpeoplerefrainfromeatingandexcessiveeatingisoneofChristianity'ssevendeadlysins.However,untilquiterecently,mostpeoplehadaproblemgettingenoughtoeat.Insomereligiousgroups,wealthwasasymbolofprobablesalvationandhighmorals,andfatnessasignofwealthandwell-being.

Todaytheoppositeistrue.Wehaveshiftedtothinnessasournewmarkofvirtue.Theresultisthatbeingfat—orevenonlysomewhatoverweight—isbadbecauseitimpliesalackofmoralstrength.

Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalsofueledbyhealthconcerns.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehavemoreoverweightpeoplethaneverbefore,andthat,inmanycases,beingover-weightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldisease.Thesediseases,however,manyhaveasmuchtodowithourwayoflifeandourhigh-fatdietsaswithexcessweight.Andtheassociatedriskofcancerinthedigestivesystemmaybemoreofadietaryproblem—toomuchfatandalackoffiber—thanaweightproblem.

Therealconcern,then,isnotthatweweightoomuch,butthatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreatwell.Exerciseisnecessaryforstrongbonesandbothheartandlunghealth.Abalanceddietwithoutalotoffatcanalsohelpthebodyavoidmanydiseases.Weshouldsurelystoppayingsomuchattentiontoweight.Simplybeingthinisnotenough.Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllife-style.Thinnesscanbepurevainglory.

1.Intheeyesoftheauthor,anoddphenomenonnowadaysisthat（

）.

2.Sweptbytheprevailingtrend,theauthor

（

）.

3.Inhumanhistory,people’sviewsonbodyweight

（

）.

4.Theauthorcriticizeswomen’sobsessionwiththinness

（

）.

5.What’stheauthor’sadvicetowomenwhoareabsorbedintheideaofthinness?

问题1选项

A.theDuchessofWindsorisregardedasawomanofvirtue

B.lookingslimisasymbolofhavingalargefortune

C.beingthinisviewedasamuchdesiredquality

D.religiouspeoplearenotnecessarilyvirtuous

问题2选项

A.hadtogoonadietforthegreaterpartofherlife

B.couldstillpreventherselffromgoingoffthetrack

C.hadtoseekhelpfromrichdistantrelatives

D.hadtowearhighlyfashionableclothes

问题3选项

A.werecloselyrelatedtotheirreligiousbeliefs

B.changedfromtimetotime

C.variedbetweenthepoorandtherich

D.ledtodifferentmoralstandards

问题4选项

A.fromaneconomicandeducationalperspective

B.fromsociologicalandmedicalpointsofview

C.fromahistoricalandreligiousstandpoint

D.inthelightofmoralprinciples

问题5选项

A.Theyshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeiroveralllifestyle.

B.Theyshouldbemorewatchfulforfataldiseases.

C.Theyshouldgainweighttolookhealthy.

D.Theyshouldridthemselvesoffantasiesaboutdesignerclothes.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchavirtue.（这句常被认为是温莎公爵夫人的名言，体现了我们这个时代许多古怪的精神，瘦被认为是一种美德）可知C选项“瘦被认为是一种非常理想的品质”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.Consequently,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter—orworse—partofmylife.（我自己也幻想着穿上狭窄的名牌衣服。因此，为了我的生活中更好的或更差的一方面，我也节食）可知A选项“为了生活中更好的部分不得不节食”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的可知在温莎伯爵夫人的那个时代是以瘦为美；由第三段中的最后一句可知，在某些宗教团体中，以胖为财富；由第四段中的第一二句可知，如今人们又以瘦为美。因此人们在不同的年代，对体重的看法不同，因此选B。

4.推理判断题。由文章第五段中的Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalsofueledbyhealthconcerns.（我们对瘦的痴迷也源于对健康的担忧）中的also可知这是从医学角度上来讲的，另一角度是前面第四段提到的当今社会以瘦为美，这是从社会角度来讲的，因此B选项“从社会学和医学的角度”符合题意。

5.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllife-style.（实际上，如果那些变瘦（或已经变瘦）的人认为自己天生健康，因而不必关注自己的整体生活方式，这是很危险的）可知A选项“他们应该更加关注他们的整体生活方式”符合题意。

18.单选题

Thecaptainoften（

）responsibilitytohissubordinates,soastohavetimetodotheimportanttaskshimself.

问题1选项

A.analyzed

B.respected

C.criticized

D.assigned

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。analyze“分析，解释”；respect“尊敬，尊重”；criticize“批评”；assign“分派，选派，分配”；根据句意‘船长经常将任务（

）下属，以便自己有时间去做更重要的工作。’确定D选项正确。

19.单选题

Thatstoryyouhavejusttold______meofanexperienceIoncehad.

问题1选项

A.informs

B.recalls

C.reminds

D.refreshes

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A项inform“通知，告诉”，B项recall“召回，回想起”，C项remind“提醒，使想起”，D项refresh“更新，恢复精神”。根据句子可知，remindsb.ofsth.固定搭配，表示“使某人想起某事”。句意：你刚才讲的故事使我想起我曾经有过的一次经历。因此，该题选择C项正确。

20.单选题

（）rain,thecrops（）.

问题1选项

A.Shall,wouldbesaved

B.Should,wouldbesaved

C.Would,shouldbesafe

D.Were,mightbesafe

【答案】B

【解析】句意:要是下雨，庄稼们就有救了。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。if从句中，如果出现“should、had、were”时，

可以省略if,并且将should、had、were置于句首，即部分倒装。因此，排除A和C项。从句中的“rain”是动词，故可排除D项。综上所述,B项正确,表示对将来的虚拟。

21.单选题

Mostof

whatBillsaidwas（）;onlyone

ortwominorpointshemadewerenotcloselyconnectedwiththematterbeing

discussed.

问题1选项

A.reliable

B.relative

C.related

D.relating

【答案】B

【解析】reliable可靠的；relative指相较的；related指相关的；relating是动词relate的分词形式。句意：比尔讲的大多都很切题,只有一两点与主题关系不是很紧密。选项B正确。

22.填空题

Businessandgovernmentleadersconsidertheinflationratetobeanimportantgeneralindicator.Inflationisaperiodofincreasedspendingthatcausesrapidrisesinprices.Whenyourmoneybuysfewergoodssothatyouget（1）forthesameamountofmoneyasbefore，inflationistheproblem.Thereisageneralrise（2）thepricesandservices.Yourmoneybuysless.Sometimespeopledescribeinflationasatimewhen“adollarisnotworthadollaranymore”.

Inflationisaproblemforallconsumers.Peoplewholiveonafixedincomearehurtthebest.Retiredpeople，forinstancecannotcount（3）anincreaseinincomeaspricesrise.Elderlypeoplewhodonotworkfaceseriousproblemsinstretchingtheirincomesto（4）theirneedsintimeofinflation.Retirementincomeoranyfixedincomeusuallydoesnotriseasfastasprices.Manyretiredpeoplemustcuttheirspendingtokeepupwithrisingprices.Inmanycasestheymuststop（5）somenecessaryitems，suchasfoodandclothing.Evenforworkingpeoplewhoseincomesaregoingup，inflationcanbeaproblem.Thecostoflivinggoes（6），too.Peoplewhoworkmusthaveevenmoremoneytokeepuptheirstandardofliving.Justbuyingthethingstheyneedcostsmore.Whenincomesdonotkeeppacewith（7）prices，thestandardoflivinggoesdown.Peoplemaybeearningthesame（8）ofmoney，buttheyarenotlivingaswellbecausetheyarenotabletobuyasmanygoodsandservices.

Governmentunitsgatherinformationaboutpricesinoureconomyandpublishitaspriceindexesfrom（9）therateofchangecanbedetermined.Apriceindexmeasureschangesinpricesusingthepriceforagivenyearasthebase.Thebasepriceissetat100，andtheotherpricesarereportedasapercentageofthebaseprice.Apriceindexmakes（10）possibletocomparecurrentpricesoftypicalconsumergoods，forexample，withpricesofthesamegoodsinpreviousyear.

【答案】1.less

2.in

3.on

4.meet

5.buying

6.down

7.rising

8.amount

9.which

10.it

【解析】1.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在句子的前一句解释了什么是通货膨胀：消费需求增加，物价上涨，从而货币贬值。用同样的钱买到的东西比以前要少，所以空格处填less。

2.考查固定搭配。在某些方面增加用介词in。

3.考查固定搭配。counton“指望，依靠”，退休人员指望不上收入能够随着物价上涨而增加。

4.考查固定搭配。meetone’sneeds“满足某人的需要”，老年人在通货膨胀的时代无法让自己的收入来满足自己的需求。

5.考查动词用法。空格处所在句子的前一句句意是：许多退休人员为了跟上上涨的物价，必须要缩减自己的开支。由此可知他们放弃了很多需要购买的东西，buying符合题意。

6.考查固定搭配。godown“下降”。由于通货膨胀，导致了生活开支水平下降。

7.考查前后逻辑。全文一直提到物价上涨，空格处需要填写的也是一个表示物价增长的词，rising符合题意。

8.考查固定搭配。thesameamountof“同等数量的”。

9.考查定语从句。定语从句用来修饰priceindexes（价格指数），which符合题意。

10.考查固定用法。makeitpossible“使它成为可能”。

23.写作题

Directions:Forthissection,youareaskedIowriteacompositiononthefollowingtopic.Youarerequiredtowritenolessthan150words.RemembertowriteclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.

SomepeoplesaythattheInternetprovidespeoplewithalotofvaluableinformation.Othersthinkaccesstosomuchinformationcreatesproblems.Whichviewdoyouagreewith?

Whatisyouropinion?GiveyourcommentsandwritethemdownontheANSWERSHEET.Youshouldsupplyonappropriatetitleforyouressay.

【答案】略

24.单选题

Itwasobviousthatmuchofwhattheyhadrecordedwasfarfrom（）.

问题1选项

A.thetruth

B.true

C.accuracy

D.factual

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。farfromthetruth意为“远非事实”。句意：很明显，他们所记录的大部分都不是事实。所以选项A正确。

25.单选题

Hewasn'taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,（

）insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.

问题1选项

A.beingconsidered

B.considering

C.tobeconsidered

D.havingconsidered

【答案】A

【解析】考查分词作状语。空格处在句中作状语，表示原因，说明主语没有担任主席的原因。主语he是动词consider的承受者，表示被动关系，故排除B、D选项；tobeconsidered是不定式被动式，表示将来或尚未发生的动作，不符合句意，故排除C选项，因此选A。

句意：他没有被要求担任协会主席，考虑到他不太受所有成员欢迎。

26.单选题

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned——andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow.“Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,”saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsateightpercentinterestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaroundfivepercentayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85percentofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwouldhavehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension,（）

2.Ifoneleavesearlybeforehisplan'snormalretirementage,（）

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

问题2选项

A.he'lltake90percentofthetotalamountofhispension

B.he'llhavehalfofhispensionpayments

C.he'llhavehispensionpaymentreducedby5%ayear

D.he'llhaveonly85percentofhisfullpension

问题3选项

A.earnlessinterest.

B.bebetteroffthanwithatraditionalpension.

C.startinvestmentimmediately.

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits.

问题4选项

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed.

B.TheRetirementDilemma.

C.LeaveEarly,LoseBig.

D.TakethePensionwithYou.

问题5选项

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30ths.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlastbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:根据第一段，当一个人带着传统的养老金离开工作岗位时，他会有一定金额的养老金。选项D正确。

第2题:根据第五段的第二句，相反，你可以根据雇主的决定得到5%左右的精算减值。选项C正确。

第3题:根据最后一段，当你提前退休并制定固定缴款计划时，问题是你开始把钱花在可以赚取利息的投资上，如果你在55岁退休，开始使用传统的养老金，到65岁时，你将只有你一直工作到65岁时的一半。选项A正确。

第4题:根据最后三段的内容可知，主要是讲提前退休将会损失更多，所以选项C正确。

第5题:根据第二段“theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.”所以选项B错误。

27.单选题

（

）isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.

问题1选项

A.That

B.Which

C.As

D.It

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。asisknowto…是一个固定搭配，意思是“众所周知”。选项C符合题意。

28.单选题

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.

Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves,memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffed(嗅出)somethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.

Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevices