英语小班-qh-03讲义

2015年在职GCT英语考试基础阶段小班课（三定语从句一、限定性定语从句：种先行关联例说定语从句Thisisthedoctorwhosavedboy’slifewho这就是救了孩子生命的医生口语中who可以代替SheisthenewstudentwhomItointroducetoyou她就是我要介绍给你的新学物Pleasepassmethebookwhichlyingonthe请递给我摆在桌上的那本书whichThenovelwhichTomboughtwhich充当宾语时可以语very买的小说很有意Canyoulendmetheaboutwhichyoutalkedwhich做介词宾语不可你能把昨天谈到的那本杂省种先行关联例句说明TheprofessorwhosedaughterteachesyouEnglishisDr.Williams那位教授是他的女儿教你英语Theprofessor,thedaughterofwhomteachesyouEnglishisDr.Williams.Thebikewhosebrakewasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了=Thebikethebrakeofwhichwashasnowbeenwhose在从句中做定指的也可以用which代替whoseThewomanthatisplayingthepianois人正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张或I’dliketoseethefithatarejuston看那些刚上映的种先行关联例句说明物all,littlemuchyevery代物Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingssthattheyrememberinthe先行词分别表示人他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事谈了大约有半个小时thatwho lyouall(that)Iknowaboutit我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情thatIsthereanything(that)Icandoforwhich,在从句中做有什么我可以帮助做的事吗宾语可省去。如果I’vebroughteverything(that)you我需要的东西都拿来了先行词是人时，关代词不受制约，thatwho均ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen这是我看过的最好的一部 placethatwe’llvisitisBeijing先行词被形容词要参观的第一个地方是高级或序数词修时定语从句用人或物Heisthe thatis他是唯一可靠Johnisthe thatshewantsto正是她要见的人WhoisthemanthatistalkingwithTom先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时用关系代词正在和谈话的人是谁Whichofthebooksthatyouboughtiseasyto你买的那些书中哪一本容易读who、which开头的特殊疑that时Hecameatatimewhenwe.neededhim他在最需要的时候来了在定语从句中作间We’llneverfetthedaywhenthewasfounded.不会忘记中民成立的timeminutemomentnexttimwhen,that去地Thisistheroomwhereheputupforthe这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子在定语从句中作地点原Iknowthereasonwhyshestudiessowell在定语从句中作原因理我知道她学习好的原非限制性定语从句种先行关联 人 e,whoismyclassmate,wonathat获得了奖学金，他是学Dr.Li,whomIknowverywillcomehere明天将来这儿，我跟他物IgavehimaNewYearcard,heenjoyedverywhichthatHestudieshardatschoolwhen没有固定的先wasyoung,whichleadstosuccessinhislaterwhich行词而是一个Hegetsupearly，asisalwayshis他总是早起床，这是他的。Johnwasadmittedintothecollege,aswehadexpected.Theearth,asisknowntoall,is人人皆知，地球是圆as指全句，在从句中做as指全句意思，在从句中做as引导的定语从句可以放在句ThisisthesamebookasIlost这本书与我昨天丢失的那本书样thesame…as,such限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从非限制性定语从从句与先行词从句是先行词不可缺少的定会不完整或不从句只是对先行词的附加说清楚或完标从句和主句之间不用逗号分从句和主句之间通常用逗号开词人和物人和物的关系代词一般修从句只修饰一个名词或代可以修饰一个名词或代词也修饰整个主翻定语从句译在被修饰词的前定语从句通常被译成另一个立的句定语从句【专项训练】1、Theknife weusedtocutthebreadisverysharp. C．withit 2、Thebraveman, thetigerwasshot,isagoodhunter.A．of B．by C．by D．by3、Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,thehouse.

hecouldseewhatitwasgoingonA．on B．at C．throughwhichD．in4、Thebeautifuldress MissJoneswenttotheballwasborrowedfromafriendofA．in B．worn C．throughwhichD．on5、Duringthe ,heworkedasaservantattheA．that B．to 6、Youmaytakeanythinguseful A．whichyou B．youwantC．whatyou D．you7、Myhometownisnolongerthesame itusedtobe. 8、Theoldwomanhastwosons,one isateacher.A．ofwho B．ofwhom C．ofwhich 9、Youcantakeanyseat isfree.A．inwhich 10、Isthereanything toyou?A．that C．thatbelongs D．thatisbelonged11、Wehopetogetsuchatool heisusing. 12、Finallycamethe hehadtobeginhisstudyforthenext 13、Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney shebuystherings.A．forwhichB．withwhich 14、I’vereadallthebooks wereborrowedfromthelibrary. 15、Thisisthebest inthe I 16、Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn? 17、TheSecondWorldWar millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A．onwhich C．inthat D．duringwhich18、Thetrain shewastravellingwaslate.A．onthat B．forwhichC．onwhich 19、Winteristhetimeofyear thedaysareshortandnightsarelong.A．onwhich 20、I’llshowyoua youmaybuy youA．that,B．which, D．inwhich,【答案】:Ⅰ、1、2、3、 4、 5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、什么叫复合句

名词性从句从句通常是用关联词来引导的。在这里关联词还起联系从句和主句的作用NounClauses主语从句（Subject表语从句（Predicative宾语从句（Object同位语从句（Appositive2、定3、状注：以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用的句型有（1）Itbe+that（2）Itbe+that（3）Itbe+thatItseemhappenthat二、常用的关联词1、从that（无词义；whether是否；if假如，是although(though)虽然；because因when当…时候；before；after在…since既然，自从；as正如，尽管，一边，由于；while在…期assoonas一…就；aslongas只要；asif2、连who,whom,which,what,3、连when,where,why,4、关who,whom,whose,which,5、关when,where,特点：that、whowhomwhat、whetherwhenwhere引导名词性从句时必须是陈1、主语从句：种关联 Thathewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.来帮助你是确实无疑that在句首不可省Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题whether不可用if词Whathewantstolusisnotclear.他要跟我Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.赢得这场比赛还不得而知Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英语将在哪里行，还没有宣布2、宾语从句：种关联 Ibelieve(that)heishonest.我相信他是that意Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodeverythingwhileothersaregood句是并列句时,nothing.决不能认为自己什么that好，别人什么都不好宾Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.whetherornot连用，不能用if代替。whether不能用if意Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看是否有种关联 语从句够的钱Idon’tknowif(whether)itis我不知道它是否有意Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.他不从句是否定句时一般用ifwho,whom,what,when,where,why, lmewhatyouwant.请告诉我Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.热情的支持宾语从句作及物动词Wemustmakeitclearthatanyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.须认清无论谁了法律都要受到罚如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语it作形Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.认为你think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引出的宾定形式，移动主句中3、表语从句：种关联 asifTheproblemis(that)theycan’tgethereearly问题是他们不能很早到达这里Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.在非正式的文that可以省去词That’sjustwhatIwant.这正是要的Thequestioniswho(whichofyouwillbethenextspeaker.问题是谁（哪一位）接着发言。表语从句位于词Thisiswhereourproblemlies.这就是的问题Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.不到会的原4、同位语从句：种关联 that引导，when,how,where等引Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhrobablyfallenill.他想到可能生病了。Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagrees同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact,news,idea,hopthought,question,orde proof，belief,story等。itornot.题【专项训练】1．Iwonderhow．A．costtheseB．dotheseshoesC．theseshoesD．aretheseshoes2.Nobody．A.whereheB．wherehewasC．whereheisD．wheredoeshecomeExcuseme,wouldyou l whenthesportsmeetwillbetakenplacewhenwasthesportsmeetgoingtobewhenisthesportsmeettobeginwhenthesportsmeetistotakeplaceCornputerscanonlygivecut hasbeenstoredinthem. Shewantedto whetherIknewherandwheredidsheifIknewherandthefactorysheworkedwhertherIknewherandthefactorysheifIknewherandthefactorywheresheMyfriendwouldn’tl hisnewcarhowmuchhepaid B．howmuchdidheC．hepaidhowmuch D．didhepayhow7．Asimpleexperiment airhassomestrength youarenotabroad．A．surprisedthat D．issurprisedFather A．whatwaswrongwithme B．what’swrongwithmeC．whatwrongwaswithme D．whatwrongiswithme10．Itdoesn’tmatter Irestornot． Thetrouble weareshortoftools D．whyThat thereappearsarainbowinthesky Ican’tunderstandis hewantstochangehismind．A．That,that B．Which,whatC．What,what D．What,whyItis he said．A．that B．what,C．what, D．that,The hemightfailintheexamworriedhim Thefact heisanorphaniswellknown．A．what IwasfreethatIthappened B．IthappenedC．That D．ItwashappenedIwillacceptthegiftisnoneofyourbusiness．A．If Ihavewillbeyourssoonerlater．A．Nomatterwhat Healwaysthinks hecandomoreforthepeople．A．ofhow C．of inthe rthattheJapaneseMinisterwillarrivenextMondayIt B．ItisC．Ithas D．HeisWethinkitimportant collegestudentsshouldmasteratleastoneforeignlanguage． ComradeWangistogiveusatalkon hesawandheardinBritain．A．what B．allwhat Thetownisno itwastenago．A．which toldyuouthatwaslying Wordcame Iwaswantedattheoffice．A．which nothingtodowithusWhathedid B．WhathehasC．Whatdidhe D．WhathehasdoneTheproblem willgo B．that thereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible．A．How wasawell-knownThattheirteamwasweak B．ThattheirteambeingweakC．Theirteamwas D．Iftheirteamwas12345678910111213141516171820212223242527282930知识要点：

状语从句Adverbial1、时间状语从2、地点状语从3、原因状语从4、目的状语从5、结果状语从6、条件状语从7、方式状语从1、时间状语从句种从属连词 时间状WhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.当我进屋时，他正在写信Weshallgotherewheneverweare什么时间有空，就去那里whenever指的是“在任Iwaswalkingalongthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面肩膀并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位于句末语Whileitwasraining,theywent天下雨的时候，他们出去了Istayedwhilehewas他不在的时候从句Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashe他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后as引导持续性动作Beapupilbefore a先做学生，再做先生before译为在…之Hearrivedafterthegame比赛开始后，他到了Wewaitedtill(until)hecameback等到他回来“直种从属连句 Shedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock她到11点钟才停止工作Untilhehassedoutofsight,she前不”,她站在那里，直到看不见他的身影表示强调，一般用Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinsinceassoon自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化AssoonasIarriveinShanghai,I’llwrite分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号 Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbeganto我刚一到家，就下雨了。=HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.hardlywhen和soonerthan的意义相当于assoonas, Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthantrain刚到车站，火车就走了Hardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldto刚开始就被表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成hardlyno而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装everytime,bythetheEverytimeItravelledbyboat,Igot次乘船都ThemomentIheardthesong,Ifelt不能用将来时或过去等Nexttimeyoucome,you’llseeWherethereisawill,thereisawherewherever有志者，事竟成Wherethereiswaterthereis哪里有水，哪里就有生命YouarefreetogowhereveryouWhereveryougo,youmustobeythelaw.义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书IcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwason昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班becauseSinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginour既然大家都到了，开始开会since表示既然或全已首种从属连句 Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,heupthewordinthedictionary原因，主句说由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅常用于口语中个单词nowseeingNow(that)theweatherhasclearedup,canstartourseeing(that),nowsinceas鉴于天气已经晴朗，可以启程了他们都有“鉴Seeing(that)hewasbadlyill,wesent实”的意思，thattheIshallwritedownyourephonethatImaynotf我要的记下来，以免忘记may(might)(could),should等放在soWe’lllyouthetruthsothatyoucanfor在主句之后我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出间不用任何标断 Theyworkedharderthanusualinordertheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前成工作lest=fearPutonmoreclotheslest(=forfearthatyoushouldcatch多穿点衣服，以免患感冒结soWeturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到。sothat前有逗号为结果容词或副词果状Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsaya他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来 HegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasItissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想such…thatsuch后面数就要用sucha/an…thatso…种从属连句 Difficultiesarenothingifwearenotofunless如果不怕，就算不了什么了Weshallgotheretomorrowunlessit语，if…not是口语，除非下雨，明天就去那里常二者可以换用 =Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’tSo/Aslongasyouworkhard,youwill只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功IncaseIfet,pleaseremindmeaboutitincase万一我忘了，请提醒我一下SofarasIknow,thebookwillbepublishednextmonth.据我所知，那本书下月句DrawacatasItaughtyou按照我教你的画一只此处as译为，按照或如Doasyouare按照人家告诉你做的去做asif或asthough和用法基本一asasShelooksasifsheis看上去她好象是生病中可以用现在能符合事实Heactedasif(though)nothinghad他的行动就好象什么也没有发生虚拟语气Theytreattheblackboyasif(though)hewereananimal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口让Although(Though)hewasoversixty,hebegantolearn在句子中一般用了“然”就不能再步Wewerenottiredthough(although)wehaworkedallday.虽然干了一天活，但并不累（but）yet或stillthough/although意义相同，用主句的前面evenI’llgoevenif(though)itrains即使明天下雨，我也要去evenifeven多用于语中种从属连词 让步状语从句Childasheis,heknowsalotColdasitis,(=Thoughitischildrenplay虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩表现力，从句首，语序部分nomattertnomatterwhatothers不管别人怎么说,尽管干Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.Nomatterwhotakesupthematterforme,Ishallbeverygrateful. matter……与who-ever引导的让步状nomatter……引导的从wh－Whateverhappens/mayhappen,wewhever从句中的动notlose无论发生什么，都不要失去信心。Whoevercomes,hewillbe 无论，都会受到欢迎。词有时可以和may连用。wh－ever引导一个成分要在从句担nomatter状Maryisasoldasmy和我姐姐一样大较，肯定句用as…asnotHedoesn’trunso(as)fastasJacknotas…asnottheHisbookisthesameas语HenryisnotsuchagoodworkerasPeter享利这个工人不如那样好Shehasmadegreaterprogressthisyearthanshedidlastyear.她今年比去年进步更主句中用的形容HeboughtfewerbooksthanI他买的书比我买的少种从属连句 句the 你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多themorethemore意语序为从句主句Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多示程度的副词，用在比较级的形容词Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大面Thesooner,the越快越好句子意主语和动词都可省略Thewarmer,the越暖和越好句Wearesure(that)thefourmodernizationwillberealizedinChina.相信一定会实现that跟在一个做表语的形容词后面，从句I’msorry(that)Ididn’thavetimetowriteyousooner.很抱歉，我没有抽出时间早点给你写家把它看做是宾语从句，但结构上IamafraidthatIcan’tgowith恐怕我不能同你一起去了以把它看作是的状语从句表语的形容词句的连词常常被省略选择填空： I’dliketo weweresinging,theteachercamein. 3、Iwasabouttoleavemyhouse thephonerang. 4、Theydidnotstop therewasnoenemy 5、Ihavenotseenhim hewenttocollege. 6、Itisfive wecame 7、Itwasnotlong hegottoknowit. 8、Weshallgo wearefree. IliveImustservethepeopleheartandsoul. B．SolongasC．Assoonas D．Oncondition10、Iwasreadinganovel hewaswatchin. 11、Putthemedicine youcaneasilygetit.A．sothat 12、Wewillgo thePartywantsustogo. C．totheplace thereisawillthereisaway. 14、IamyouwentlastD．the yougo,youshouldbearthemotherlandinyour C．WhateverD．However weatherpermits,we’llhaveanouting. 17、Youwon’tsucceed A．unlessyouwill B．unlessyouC．unlessyoudon’t D．ifyouwon’t18、Iwonderifhe us,andIthinkifhe uswe’llbeabletocompletethetaskaheadoftime.A．helps, B．willhelp,C．helps,willhelp D．willhelp,willhelp19、Idon’tliketobeinterruptedifI B．willspeak C．amspeaking 20、Ifyou thisexperimentyouwillunderstandthetheorybetter.A．willbe B．havedoneC．willhavedone D．woulddo21、Iwouldliketo Ilikeit. C．becauseof everybodyishere,Let’ssetoff. 23、It hewasillthathewasabsent itisraining,wehadbettertakeataxi. C．Becauseof 25“Whycan’tyou tnow?“ I’mtoobusy.” 26、Hemusthavepassedthis herearehis B．becauseof C．nowthat everybodyishere,Let’sbeginourmeeting.A．Now 28、His deepimpressionontheaudiencethattheycouldhardlyfetA．sucha B．soa 29、Theyworked theyfinishedtheirworkaheadof B．sothat C．suchthat D．soasto30、Hewas hecouldn’tstandup.A．such, B．so, C．very, D．so,as1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、非谓语动词知识要点：一、非谓语动词种类及句（一）在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式（theInfinitive）动名词（theGerund）现在分词（thePresentParticiple；Participle非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词语。非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词，在句中作状语二、非谓语动词用法：（一）动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。主动 一般式towritetobe进行式tobewriting完成式tohavewrittentohavebeen否定式：notto)2、不定式的句能1）TofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryToloseyourheartmeans动词不定式短语作主语时，常用形式主语it作形式主语，例如上面两句可用如下形式ItisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenItmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.2）HerjobistocleantheHeappearstohavecaughtacold.3）常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：wanthopewishofferfailplanlearn,pretendmanagehelp,agreepromiseprefer,如果不定式（宾语）it作形式Marxfounditimportanttostudythesituationin动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如IhavenochoicebuttostayHedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhis动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用HegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.4）在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want,wish,ask,l,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allowpreparecause,forcecallon,waitfor,此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如Withalotofworktodo,hedidn’tgotothemakeletseewatch,hearfeelhaveto的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to,如：IsawhimcrosstheHewasseentocrosstheroad.5）动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系动宾关系Ihaveameetingto说明所修饰名词的内Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.Heisthetogethere.6）作状语：A）Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.Shesoldherhairtobuythewatchchain.B）Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout.（二）动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句能1、动名词的形式一般式 being完成式having havingbeen否定式：not+1）Seeingisbelieving.2）式Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited.他未被邀请就来到了Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.记得看过这部完成式HefothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfiveyearsold.他忘记五岁时曾被5）否定式：not+Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格 动名Hesuggestedourtryingitonceagain.他建议再试一次HisnotknowingEnglishtroubledhimalot.2、动名词的句能Readingaloudisveryhelpful.Collectingstampsisinteresting.集邮很有趣。it作形式主语。It’snousequarrelling.争吵是没用的。Intheantcity,thequeen’sjobislayingeggs.Theyhaven’tfinishedbuildingthedam.Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.须空气被污染要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语enjoy,finishsuggestavoid（避免）excusedelayimaginekeep,missconsideradmit（承认，deny（否认）,mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk（）,appreciate（感激）,bebusy,beworth,feellikecan’tstand,can’thelp,thinkofdreamofbefondofprevent…(from),keep…from,stop…（from）,protect…from,setabout,beengagedin,spend…(in),succeedin,beusedto,lookforwardto,objectto,payattentionto,insiston,feellikeHecan’twalkwithoutawalking-stick.他没有拐杖不能走路。Isthereaswimmingpoolinyourschool.学校有游泳池吗？Thecave,hishiding-placeissecret.那个山洞，他藏身的地方很Hishabit,listeningtothenewsontheradioremainsunchanged.他收听收音机仍未改变（三）现在分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句能1、现在分词的形式一般式 beingwritten完成式having havingbeenwrittenhaving否定式：not+现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如：Theywenttothepark,singingandtalking.Havingdone .现在分词的语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的的动作。Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在被的问题很重要Havingbeentoldmanytimes,thenaughtyboymadethesamemistake.诉了好几遍2、现在分词的句能作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前，如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor’sfather.正与老师谈话的那个人是班yearsthatfollowed,themanspeakingthemanwhoisspeaking.现在分词作表语Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在这家上演的很棒Thepresentsituationisinspiring.be+ng既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于be+ng表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。作宾语补足语如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.(WhileWorkinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.在工厂工作时，他是一名先进作原因状语BeingaLeaguemember,heisalwayshelothers.由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人作方式状语，表示伴Hestayedathomecleaningandwashing.作条件状语(IfPlayingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.间作结果状语Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.他把掉了，结果摔得作目的状语Hewentswimmingtheotherday.作让步状语与逻辑主语构成独立主格Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhead.Alltheticketshavingbeensoldouttheywentawaydisappointedly.他们失望地离Timepermitting,we’lldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许，做另两个练习。有时也可用with(without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.H）作独立成分Judgingfrom(byhisappearancehemustbeanactor.Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecareful.一般说来，子更细心（四）过去分词：过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有的规则要求，要一一记住。过去分词的句能1、过去分词作定语：Ourclasswenton anizedtriplastMonday.上周一班开展了一次有组织的行Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.会注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面过去分词做定语相当于一个语态的定语从句2、过去分词作表语：Thewindowisbroken.Thewerefrightenedatthesadsight.注意be 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示的动作是语态。别Thewindowisbroken.（系表Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboy.（有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示，只表示完成。如boiledwater（开水 fallenleaves（落叶newlyarrivedgoods（新到的货 therisensun（升起的thechangedworld（变了的世界,,,3、过去分词作宾语补足语：Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：Withtheworkdonetheywentouttoplay.4、过去分词作状语：Praisedbytheneighbours,hebecametheprideofhisparents.受到邻居们的表扬，他成为Givenmoretime,I’llbeableto tbetter.如果给予的时间，我能做得更好（表Thoughtoldofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.虽然之，他仍然Filledwithhopesandfearsheenteredthecave.5、过去分词与逻辑主语构成独立主格：Allbooksreturnedat oftheterm,thelibraryassistantwassatisfied.所有的书期末Thefieldploughed,hebegantospreadseed.地耕好了，他开始撒选择填空：1、Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseen upfrom C．wasgrowing 2、Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident losehisjob.A．sonotas B．soasnot C．soasto D．notsoas3、Shereachedthetopofthehilland onabigrockbythesideoftheA．tohave C．to 4、Thenextmorningshefoundthe inbed,